Researchers develop new optical technique, anatomical optical coherence tomography (aOCT), to accurately measure airway narrowing and diagnose breathing disorders. The technology also helps understand congenital heart defects in developing embryos.
Researchers at Clemson University have successfully created a practical silicon optical fiber using standard mass-production methods. The development of this new fiber is expected to increase efficiency and decrease power consumption in computers and other systems that integrate photonic and electronic devices.
Researchers have developed an animal model to study the effect of small strokes on nearby neurons, finding that blockages can cause significant decreases in blood flow and death of neurons. A potential new tool for brain surgeons is being developed using optical measurements to detect and protect critical areas during surgery.
Researchers are exploring alternative energy solutions and innovative approaches to medicine. Virtual reality technology is being used to create realistic 3D presentations on mobile devices, while a new method for measuring brain function during surgery could improve outcomes.
Researchers have created an instrument designed to determine the shapes and sizes of tiny ice crystals in high-altitude clouds down to the micron level. This data is expected to help improve computer models used to predict climate change by better understanding the influence of clouds on global warming or cooling.
A team of Japanese scientists has designed the world's first optical pacemaker for laboratory research, utilizing powerful laser pulses to regulate heart muscle cell contractions. This breakthrough technique may aid in understanding uncoordinated heart contractions and developing anti-fibrillation drugs.
New techniques use optical probes to detect neural activity without labeling cells, while tiny laser arrays can detect chemicals and secure communications. Quantum key distribution and teleportation of quantized states enable secure information exchange.
Researchers successfully triggered electrical activity in thunderclouds by aiming laser light at them, generating plasma filaments that conducted electricity. The technology has potential applications in studying lightning strikes and evaluating the sensitivity of airplanes and critical infrastructure.
Researchers have developed a method using near-infrared light to identify microscopic changes in brain tissue associated with Alzheimer's disease. This technique can potentially detect the disease earlier than current methods, which rely on clinical symptoms or imaging tests.
Researchers have created a new technique using laser light to analyze breath samples, detecting biomarkers for diseases like asthma and cancer. This non-invasive method could provide rapid and reliable health screenings, addressing existing limitations in breath analysis.
Researchers from IBM, Kyoto University, Northwestern, and the University of New Mexico have achieved significant breakthroughs in silicon nanophotonics. The longest photon lifetime of 2.1 ns was observed in a photonic crystal nanocavity, while advanced microresonators with quality factors over 100 million were demonstrated.
Scientists have developed a retinal flow cytometer that allows for continuous monitoring of circulating cells in a mouse's bloodstream. This technology holds promise for treating multiple myeloma by enabling the testing of chemotherapy agents and treatment strategies.
A new design for a 'lab-on-a-chip' structure enables the sorting of particles using light, achieving higher efficiencies and lower costs than current methodologies. Velocities as high as 28 μm/s were achieved for small spheres with low optical powers.
Researchers at USC develop a miniaturized camera for implantable retinal prostheses, achieving good results with just 625 pixels. The new LIDAR system uses near-infrared light to detect atmospheric conditions, providing pilots with better visibility in foggy and hazy environments.
By creating a mode-locked silicon evanescent laser, researchers have demonstrated the ability to produce stable short pulses of laser light at high repetition rates, up to 40 GHz, suitable for high-speed data transmission and other optical applications.
Scientists have developed a new type of flexible plastic film that combines natural and manmade optical effects, producing a color-changing effect that depends less on viewing angle. The films are made from arrays of spheres stacked in three dimensions, which scatter light and produce intensely colored colors.
Researchers developed a one-step test using holograms to diagnose astigmatic error, a key factor in prescribing glasses. The new technique is simpler and faster than traditional methods, which involve multiple lenses and complex processes.
Researchers at Yokohama National University demonstrate a highly efficient room-temperature nanolaser that produces stable, continuous streams of near-infrared laser light. The device uses a photonic crystal design to achieve its high efficiency, enabling applications in future miniaturized circuits.
Scientists have successfully demonstrated a novel terahertz (THz) imaging technique that can capture high-quality images of objects from distances of up to 25 meters. The approach utilizes a quantum cascade laser and detector, which are designed to minimize water absorption in the THz spectrum.
The Adaptive Scanning Optical Microscope (ASOM) eliminates traditional trade-offs between magnification and field of view, providing 40mm diameter field of view with consistent resolution. This technology enables faster imaging and reduces visual distortions.
A new fiber-based light source promises to improve the inspection of food, produce, paper, currency, recyclables and other products by providing a bright, rectangular beam of light. This design enables line-scan cameras to sort products at higher speeds with improved accuracy.
Researchers designed a low-cost, lightweight wide-angle lens that produces virtually distortion-free images, ideal for security-camera systems and robot navigation. The lens has a field of view of 151 degrees and can be increased to capture even more space, making it suitable for various indoor applications.
Researchers have developed a new method to detect metastasizing melanoma cells in the blood using photoacoustic detection, which can identify as few as 10 cancer cells. The technique uses laser techniques and ultrasound methods to emit noise from cancer cells, allowing for early diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers have developed a new technique to send secret messages over public internet lines using optical fiber networks, hiding the message in optical noise. The method uses commercially available equipment and is secure even if eavesdroppers know a secret transmission is taking place.
Researchers have made significant advances in optics tests for early Alzheimer's detection, which may enable universal screening technologies. The tests can identify small molecular signs of the disease in the eye before brain pathology is present, raising hopes for early diagnosis and slowing disease progression.
Researchers in Germany have developed a new, non-invasive technique to measure skin aging using a laser-based method. The technique measures collagen and elastin levels by a single factor, providing a quantitative assessment of skin health.
Researchers at Intel and the University of California, Santa Barbara have created a new hybrid computer chip that uses lasers to transmit data, promising faster data transfer rates. The development paves the way for future optical communications at low cost.
Researchers have invented an optical on-off switch that can replace electrical wiring on airplanes with fiber optics for controlling elevators, rudders, and other flight-critical elements. This technology also has potential applications on highways as a 'weigh-in-motion' sensor for measuring the weight of fast-moving commercial trucks.
Artificial muscles can create a full range of colors by adjusting the diffraction grating, overcoming limitations of existing displays. The technology uses white LED lights and could lead to consumer products in under eight years.
Raman Imaging of Human Macular Pigments demonstrates a rapid screening technique for macular degeneration using Raman spectroscopy. The method provides insight into individual variations in spatial profiles and total amounts of macular carotenoid pigments.
The New Focus Student Awards recognize groundbreaking research by six finalists, including Seth Aubin's work on francium trapping, E. Staffan Björlin's vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers, and Michael J. Escuti's switchable mesoscale lattices in liquid crystal polymer dispersions.
The Optical Society of America honored its 2002 award winners, recognizing their significant contributions to various fields of optics. Notably, James P. Gordon received the Frederic Ives Medal for his seminal work on quantum electronics, while Emil Wolf was awarded the Esther Hoffman Beller Award for his influential educational work.