A panel discussion at the American Association for the Advancement of Science annual meeting explores issues of public confidence in genetic technologies. Stanford University School of Medicine associate professor Barbara Koenig addresses concerns about regulating new genetic technologies and ensuring their effectiveness.
A study by Stanford researchers found that the youthful blood of younger mice can revive the regenerative abilities of older mice's satellite cells, which dot muscle tissue. This phenomenon was also observed in livers of older mice connected to younger lab-mates, suggesting a possible role for blood-borne factors in rejuvenation.
Researchers discovered two proteins, thrombospondins, that encourage new synapses to form in the brain. This study could help understand diseases like epilepsy and addiction where too many synapses form, and may lead to new treatments for recovering addicts.
A Stanford study found that early HIV screening reduces annual transmission by 21% and lengthens life by 1.5 years for those with HIV infection. Routine screenings are cost-effective compared to other commonly accepted programs, suggesting expanded HIV counseling, testing, and referral in the US.
A new Stanford study has found that self-identified racial and ethnic groups correlate strongly with their genetic profiles, with an error rate of less than 0.14%. The research, involving 3,636 participants, challenges the idea that race is a social construct with no genetic basis.
A recent Stanford study has identified a link between genetic differences in African-Americans and an increased risk of hypertension. The research, which analyzed the genetic profiles of over 270 individuals, suggests that specific genes in regions near chromosomes 6 and 21 may contribute to high blood pressure risk in African-Americans.
A study published in Archives of Internal Medicine found that 63% of growth in COX-2 use came from patients with low risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Heavy marketing and the tendency to equate 'newer' with 'better' medicines contributed to the overuse of these drugs.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine found that hypnosis reduced the duration of the VCUG procedure from 50 minutes to 35 minutes. The study also showed that children in the hypnosis group reported less distress during the preparation and procedure compared to those receiving routine care.
Researchers found that young owls can quickly pick up new skills and retain them into adulthood, with new connections forming between neurons. This suggests that childhood experiences play a crucial role in shaping the brain's ability to adapt and learn throughout life.
A Stanford study found that infusing bone marrow cells from a donor mouse into laboratory mice before chemotherapy can significantly improve their ability to fight infections and survive. This new approach boosts neutrophil production, reducing the risk of neutropenia-related complications.
A Stanford study analyzed 40 ads for body scans and found that virtually none presented a balanced picture. The researchers recommend guidelines requiring more detailed information to be available to consumers, who are capable of being savvy consumers of medical technology.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine developed a technique to eliminate graft-versus-host disease without compromising cancer treatment. In clinical trials, the therapy showed promising results with only one patient developing severe graft-versus-host disease out of 37 treated patients.
A recent Stanford University School of Medicine study found a significant link between sleep loss and hormonal changes that contribute to obesity. Ghrelin and leptin hormone levels were consistently increased and decreased with reduced sleep duration, respectively.
The coelacanth, an ancient fish with unchanged physical features since 360 million years ago, has a sequenced genome that reveals its slow evolution and genetic similarities with land animals. The genome analysis may hold the key to understanding how life transitioned from water to land.
In a breakthrough discovery, Stanford researchers have found that mast cells can provide protection from sepsis by destroying a molecule that contributes to the pathology and death associated with this bacterial infection. The study reveals a new role for mast cells in limiting damage caused by endothelin-1.
A Stanford researcher has developed a test that reverses pre-existing food allergies in dogs by vaccinating them with heat-killed bacteria mixed with peanuts or milk. The test showed significant results, with four dogs able to eat over 37 peanuts and five dogs tolerating larger quantities of milk without symptoms.
A recent study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that telephone follow-up care did not measurably improve the health of clinically low-risk heart failure patients. In fact, half of the participants were rehospitalized, regardless of whether they received nurse care management or not.
A study found that diet counseling was provided in less than 45% of visits and exercise counseling in under 30% with patients at risk of heart disease. The lack of counseling is attributed to physicians' perceived lack of training and tools, as well as reimbursement constraints.
Researchers found that turning off a single cancer-causing gene can eliminate aggressive liver tumors in mice within four weeks. The discovery involves manipulating the Myc protein, which drives cancer cell division, and has potential applications for treating common types of cancer.
Researchers have identified a new type of regulatory T cell that reduces airway inflammation and asthma in mice. The discovery sheds light on the characteristics of these cells and their potential role in treating allergies and other immune disorders.
Stanford researchers have found that a group of brain cells release cannabinoids to quiet their own activity, regulating information processing. This discovery may lead to the development of medications that selectively bind and block cannabinoid receptors, potentially treating epilepsy and other conditions.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered a primordial pancreas in fruit flies that produces both insulin and glucagon, two hormones crucial for regulating blood sugar levels. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new drugs for treating diabetes.
Pediatrician Paul Wise finds that chronic illnesses like asthma and obesity are increasingly common in children due to improved medical treatments for acute conditions. Current policies fail to support chronically ill children beyond age 18, exacerbating disparities in child health.
A study by Thomas Stamey and colleagues found that the correlation between PSA levels and prostate cancer severity has decreased over time, making the test less useful for early detection. Instead, they recommend a yearly digital rectal exam for men over 50.
A Stanford researcher has devised a method to identify potential drug compounds using a network of over 150,000 home computers and innovative algorithms. The method accurately predicts how well molecules will bind to a given protein, which is crucial in drug development.
Stanford researcher Matthew Bogyo and colleagues discovered that cathepsin cysteine proteases help build blood vessels to tumors, increase tumor growth and invasiveness. A broad-spectrum inhibitor slowed tumor development in mice with no apparent side effects.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have made a breakthrough in understanding the cause of holoprosencephaly, a birth defect that affects brain development. By blocking a key protein's action at varying developmental stages, they found that it can influence facial features but leave the brain intact.
Stanford and Packard researchers found that nicotine patches were equally effective in adolescents regardless of antidepressant medication. Most teens reduced tobacco usage, with some achieving complete abstinence after 10 weeks. The study marks a promising breakthrough in treating teen smoking addiction.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine have identified leukemia stem cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia, a breakthrough that could lead to new targeted therapies. The discovery reveals that normal adult cells can mutate into cancer stem cells, which are resistant to chemotherapy and require a specific protein called Wnt to self-renew.
Researchers at Stanford and Packard find that premature boys' brains are more severely affected than girls in areas responsible for reading, language, emotion, and behavior. The study reveals a significant disparity between preterm males and females, with preterm boys struggling more with speech and language.
A Stanford study estimates that fewer than half of people with osteoporosis have been diagnosed, highlighting the need for better screening and treatment. The study found that new prescription medications have improved diagnosis and treatment rates, but more work is needed to catch cases early.
Fetal stem cells have shown promise in treating stroke damage, outperforming adult cells and overcoming embryonic cell limitations. Researchers are now exploring the potential of these cells to aid recovery after a stroke.
Stanford researchers have developed a new technique to analyze cellular behavior in leukemia patients, identifying patterns that predict response to treatment. By understanding how cells respond to environmental signals, doctors can propose less common therapies and tailor treatment options to individual patients.
A new study by Stanford Medicine found that children with obese parents are at the highest risk of becoming overweight. The researchers identified several key risk factors, including parental obesity, low sleep time, and sensitive temperament, which can be addressed through early intervention programs.
A Stanford study reveals that shared genetic data can be linked to individuals through common DNA sites, raising concerns over patient anonymity. The researchers propose firewalls and secure access controls to protect sensitive genetic information.
Researchers at Stanford have developed a chip that uses chemicals to stimulate neurons, offering new possibilities for treating age-related macular degeneration. The device has the potential to deliver small amounts of drugs precisely where they're needed and enable real-time chemical analysis of living tissues.
Researchers have discovered a promising treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) using rosiglitazone, an insulin sensitizer that reduces excess androgen levels and improves menstrual cycles. The study showed significant benefits in insulin resistance and ovarian function, offering new hope for women with PCOS.
A study led by Dr. Susan Brundage found that students are turning away from surgery due to its grueling workload and lack of flexibility. The profession demands a minimum of seven- to eight-year commitment, including extensive training in trauma surgery.
A Stanford study found that a sting-inhibiting cream reduced swelling and discomfort after exposure to jellyfish tentacles. The cream works by repelling water, disrupting communication systems, and mimicking a substance found in the jellyfish bell.
Researchers followed patients with no initial back pain and found that those with poor coping skills, chronic pain, or disputed workers' compensation claims were nearly three times more likely to develop back pain. The study suggests that treating psychological factors may be a more effective approach than surgery for some patients.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine identified Langerhans cells as the principal culprit behind graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in transplanted mice. Eliminating these cells using ultraviolet light reduced GVHD symptoms, offering a potential prevention method for transplant patients.
A Stanford study examined 42 college-age bipolar patients, finding significant improvement in symptoms and function with treatment. The research suggests that early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for preventing disease progression and that these young adults can function well if properly diagnosed and treated.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine have found that fat-derived cells can effectively heal skull defects in mice, outperforming bone marrow cells. The discovery holds promise for developing new treatments for bone fractures, joint replacements, and other skeletal conditions.
A new gene-based screen developed by Stanford researchers can accurately predict a person's response to treatment and identify patients who may benefit from novel therapies. The screen uses a technique called RT-PCR to analyze genes associated with cancer survival, offering a more accessible alternative to existing microarray technology.
A Stanford study reveals a connection between archaea abundance and gum disease severity, affecting about one-third of Americans. The research found that more than one-third of patients with chronic periodontitis harbored archaea in their diseased subgingival spaces but not elsewhere.
A group of researchers has outlined the ethical issues raised by modern neuroscience, including the use of plastic surgery and neural enhancement. The panel argues that treating illnesses rather than healthy individuals is more acceptable, but raises questions about the long-term effects of brain-altering medications like Ritalin.
Researchers identified 24 genes that can be used to single out patients for alternate therapies or lower radiation doses. The test could make treatment decisions easier and allow for personalized treatment plans tailored to individual patients' needs.
A Stanford study on threespine stickleback fish found that a single gene, Pitx1, is responsible for the loss of hind fins in two distinct populations. The researchers discovered that mutations in this gene can alter limb development without killing the animal.
Researchers have identified two distinct patterns of gene activity that correlate with patient outcomes in intermediate-risk AML. The findings could lead to more personalized treatment approaches for patients with this type of cancer.
Researchers found that blood-forming stem cells lodge in damaged hearts but retain their blood-forming fate, contradicting earlier findings. The study suggests that these cells may not be able to transform into muscle cells, but could still offer some potential for treating heart attack patients