Studies found that medications like clonidine and propranolol can significantly increase the risk of tooth decay in individuals with dry mouth. The research suggests that antihistamines, antidepressants, and other medications can alter saliva composition, making it less effective at neutralizing acids and remineralizing teeth.
The Project Link program combines innovative treatments with a culturally diverse staff and close cooperation with the criminal justice system to improve patients' lives. Participants spent an average of 45 days in jail and 8 days in the hospital, compared to 104 and 114 days respectively before entering the program.
Volunteers use virtual reality helmet and computer program to take actions like turning on TV or stereo by simply wishing it so, in breakthrough study that may someday enable patients with extreme paralysis to regain control of their surroundings
A study published in JAMA found that nurse home visits to pregnant women and their families significantly improved health outcomes for years to come. The program reduced time on welfare, increased stability in family structure, and promoted economic self-sufficiency among mothers.
Scientists Yonathan Shapir and Jacob Jorné discovered that natural cycles generate fractal patterns, governing everything from weather to cauliflower heads. This breakthrough enables the prediction of events like car battery lifespan, lawn growth, and tumor cell behavior, with potential applications in engineering and medicine.
Researchers found that common food preservatives appear to enhance the cavity-protecting action of fluoride, leading to fewer cavities in rats. Avoiding high-sugar foods, maintaining good brushing habits, and regular dental checkups remain essential for preventing cavities.
The cavity rate among children in Rochester is on the rise slightly, with an average of three cavities per 10-year-old child. The decline in cavity rates that began in the 1970s and 1980s has flattened, and researchers warn that complacency may be contributing to the increase.
Researchers re-create chemical signatures thought to be produced only by living organisms in a laboratory setting. The team's findings suggest that simple chemical processes can account for the proportions previously believed to indicate past life, and may have implications for searching for life on Mars or other celestial bodies.
Respiratory problems caused by workplace exposure affect various jobs, including farming, seafood industry, food processing, and manufacturing. Employers can take simple technological fixes to reduce worker risks.
Scientists at the University of Rochester Medical Center are exploring the use of genetic algorithms to treat prostate cancer by improving how radiation is delivered. The formulas have been developed by medical physicist Yan Yu, Ph.D., who heads a task force on the subject for the American Association of Physicists in Medicine.
Paul Coleman, a renowned neuroscientist, has been awarded $1 million by the Alzheimer's Association to investigate the earliest signs of Alzheimer's disease. His research team aims to develop a simple test that can detect the disease in its initial stages, potentially allowing for earlier diagnosis and treatment.
Scientists develop a new process using chromium chloride to produce hundreds of thousands of compounds in just one experiment. The innovation enables faster screening of industrial products, including drugs and dyes.
Scientists have discovered that the myc gene is even more powerful than previously believed, controlling cell growth and division while disabling brakes on growth. The findings mark a significant step towards understanding how faulty cell signals lead to cancer.
University of Rochester scientists use the herpes virus to modify brain cells, making them more resistant to death after a stroke. The study aims to provide a new way to save patients from years of disability caused by strokes.
Researchers at the University of Rochester have adopted Belarusian-developed magnetorheological finishing (MRF) technology to polish high-precision optics, including camcorders, CD players, and telescopes. The process uses a unique slurry that changes viscosity in response to magnetic fields.
Researchers at the University of Rochester have created a remarkably short antisense compound that targets Pneumocystis carinii, an opportunistic pathogen causing pneumonia in people with weakened immune systems. The breakthrough marks a step toward designing drugs that knock out vital sections of molecules essential for the microbe's ...
Scientists at the University of Rochester have discovered that shape plays a crucial role in copying DNA, contradicting previous theories that relied on hydrogen bonds. This finding has significant implications for cancer diagnosis and potential applications in artificial DNA creation.
A laser pointer has been found to help some Parkinson's patients overcome freezing episodes, where their legs temporarily lock in place. The device provides a visual cue that helps patients take the next step towards regaining mobility, offering hope for those struggling with this debilitating symptom.
Researchers at the University of Rochester discovered that Alzheimer's patients suffer from motion blindness, a condition where they struggle to interpret visual cues, leading to disorientation. This can be a significant factor in their daily lives, including driving and navigating familiar environments. The study's findings may lead t...
Scientists used adaptive optics technology, originally developed for spy satellites, to map out the topography of the inner eye and take unprecedented photographs of retinas. The results show a random arrangement of cones, which could help diagnose and treat diseases like blindness.
University of Rochester scientists develop new materials that emit nearly perfect circularly polarized light, hundreds of times more pure than current materials. This breakthrough enables brighter and more efficient displays, with potential applications in 3D displays, laser goggles, and optical communication.
Researchers found that snakes use vision to locate places and rely on visual cues to escape a maze-like arena. Younger snakes are more adaptable, while older ones focus on visual cues.
A team of scientists has developed a superconducting device capable of detecting infrared light at previously off-limits wavelengths, offering remarkable speed and sensitivity. The device, known as a hot-electron photodetector, can recognize changes in light signals as fast as 25 billion times each second.
Researchers have developed a process called hierarchical self-assembly, where hollow spheres stack themselves into larger structures to form photonic crystals. These materials can manipulate light in predictable ways, offering potential applications in optical data storage, telecommunications, and lighting systems.
A tracking and outreach program in Rochester increased child immunization rates by 20% for children living in the poorest inner-city neighborhoods. The program successfully brought these children into the healthcare system, addressing barriers such as lack of transportation, education, and financial struggles.
Fossils of crocodile-like champsosaurs, turtles and fish found in high Canadian Arctic reveal extremely warm temperatures. The findings suggest that volcanic eruptions dumped large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, causing global warming.
Scientists have identified a specific gene, the AH receptor, as a vital link in the chemical cascade that causes cancer when exposed to cigarette smoke. The study found that mice without this receptor showed no damage from cigarette smoke, suggesting it plays a crucial role in controlling gene damage.
Researchers are testing a new painkiller to see if it can delay or prevent Alzheimer's disease. The study, involving 1,300 patients, targets the cycloxygenase-2 enzyme, which is believed to contribute to the development of the disease.
A study linked three specific genes to the progress of Long QT syndrome, a heart-rhythm disorder that affects 25,000 Americans annually. Patients with defective genes can now expect their disease course, allowing for targeted treatments and improved outcomes.
Evolutionary biologist H. Allen Orr proposes a new theory on the genetic foundations of adaptation, challenging standard theory that only tiny genetic changes contribute to adaptation. Orr's work uses mathematical modeling and computer simulations, suggesting that a mix of minor and major genetic changes can lead to adaptation.
Despite high levels of mercury found in the Seychelles, a nine-year study found that frequent consumption of commercially sold fish carries no ill effects from low levels of mercury. The study suggests that current regulations in the US are sufficient to safeguard frequent fish eaters against mercury exposure.
A University of Rochester team has developed a technology that provides the most thorough information yet on cells from the brains of deceased Alzheimer's patients, enabling comparison with healthy and sick cells. The study identified five genes whose expression differed significantly between healthy and Alzheimer's brains.
Scientists have gained a clearer picture of massive volcanic eruptions by analyzing lava composition, indicating that the lava originated from the lower mantle. The findings suggest that the eruptions played a role in the greatest mass extinction event in Earth's history, wiping out up to 95% of plant and animal species.
Medicines commonly used to treat epilepsy appear effective in soothing agitation in people with Alzheimer's disease, a symptom affecting nearly all patients. The findings suggest these compounds may be as good as or better than current treatments for agitation, promising relief for families and caregivers.
Researchers found that anti-androgen drugs can trigger the protein that makes prostate and cancerous cells grow, leading to a possible explanation for why hormone therapy loses effectiveness after one or two years. The study suggests that more research is needed to confirm the results.
A study challenges the widely accepted pediatric practice of prescribing a 10-day course of antibiotics for uncomplicated ear infections, suggesting that five days of short-acting oral antibiotics are equally effective. The researchers found no significant difference in treatment failure rates when comparing the two treatment courses.
The study found that blood cell precursors originate soon after mesoderm cells appear in the embryo, suggesting a new understanding of blood cell development. The discovery also revealed that definitive red blood cell precursors can be found in the yolk sac before they appear within the embryo.
A study found that state-funded child health insurance can reduce financial barriers to healthcare, but racial and ethnic minority groups still face non-financial barriers, such as transportation and appointment scheduling issues. Despite these disparities, satisfaction rates with the program are high across all groups.
A study by University of Rochester nurse researchers found that nursing home residents with dementia experienced improved psychological and emotional well-being when rocked in a chair for 30 minutes to two hours a day. The gentle repetitive motion also helped reduce pain medication requests and improved balance.
A new study found that clot-busting drugs can save legs as effectively as invasive surgery, reducing the need for open surgical procedures by over 30%. The experimental drug, recombinant urokinase, showed no significant difference in death or amputation rates between surgical and non-surgical patients.
A team of microbiologists genetically altered Pseudomonas aeruginosa to break its resistance to detergents and antibiotics. The study found that disabling the lasI gene reduced the bacteria's ability to form deadly biofilms.
Researchers confirm that premature and low-birth weight infants should receive their immunizations at the same ages recommended for healthy, full-term babies. The study found that even the least immunologically mature preterm infants had adequate immune responses that lasted until age three to four.
University of Rochester engineers have developed self-assembly technique to create large, three-dimensional objects. These structures are made up of millions of molecules and can fluoresce, making them well-defined and discrete, with applications in drug delivery and various other fields.
Chemist Benjamin Miller has devised a way to create new drugs by using metal atoms to assemble countless combinations of molecules, then selecting the best candidates through a Darwinian process. This method shifts the burden of tedious drug development work off technicians' shoulders, offering a faster and more efficient approach.
A new DNA production method dubbed 'rolling circles' has been developed by University of Rochester chemist Eric Kool, allowing for easy and inexpensive production of large quantities of DNA. This technique uses circular DNA strands that can be replicated exponentially without the need for expensive enzymes or complex equipment.
Researchers John H. Thomas and Benjamin Montesinos present a more realistic version of the siphon-flow model, predicting how gas flows from sunspots into the solar atmosphere. Their results match observations in considerable detail, shedding light on astrophysical processes involving strong magnetic fields and jets of gas.
The University of Rochester's animation technology is part of the new MPEG-4 standard, which brings together audio, video, and animation technologies. This integration promises to make video editing more accessible and improve video quality, with features such as point-and-click ease and automatic image manipulation.
A nationwide study found that 62% of patients with high cholesterol did not reach recommended targets, with African-Americans facing even greater challenges. Patients who followed doctors' advice on diet and exercise were more likely to reach target levels.
A recent study found that women with unplanned pregnancies are less likely to breastfeed, which can lead to poorer health outcomes for their children. The research, published in the American Journal of Public Health, suggests that doctors may not be adequately addressing the issue.
Shaul Mukamel, a professor of chemistry at the University of Rochester, has received the Humboldt Research Award for his lifetime work on molecular dynamics and its applications in various fields. The award will enable him to conduct research in Munich with European colleagues.