In complex organisms, regulatory networks are more democratic and collaborative, with master regulators controlling middle managers governing workhorse genes. These systems tend to be less autocratic, instead relying on mutually supporting partnerships for stability.
Astronomers at Yale University have discovered that supermassive black holes undergo huge growth spurts during galactic collisions and remain veiled in dust for extended periods. The team found that these growing black holes spend about half their lives hidden behind a 'veil' of dust.
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have discovered that exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) during pregnancy causes permanent abnormalities in the uterus of offspring. The study found that BPA exposure permanently alters gene expression and DNA modification in the uterus, leading to hyper-responsiveness to estrogens.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a new way to grow arteries using a drug that inhibits a specific signaling pathway. This breakthrough could lead to a non-invasive 'biological bypass' option for patients with coronary artery disease.
A team of climate scientists found that more frequent tropical cyclones in the Pliocene epoch could have led to persistent El Niño-like conditions. The study suggests that these storms may have contributed to a positive feedback cycle between tropical cyclones and upper-ocean circulation, leading to changes in atmospheric patterns.
Researchers at Yale University have streamlined the synthesis of a family of compounds known as kinamycins, which are naturally produced by bacteria and show potent toxicity. By reducing the number of steps required to synthesize them from 24 to 12, the team can now prepare these molecules in larger quantities for further studies.
Researchers found that universal screening of pregnant women is cost-effective and improves pregnancy outcomes, reducing the number of premature births. The study also showed that routine care costs more than screening for short cervix, resulting in cost savings.
Researchers at Yale University have found that progesterone prevents apoptosis in fetal membranes, reducing the risk of preterm birth. Progesterone supplementation from weeks 16-20 may also prevent premature rupture of the fetal membranes.
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have developed a simple urine test to rapidly predict and diagnose preeclampsia in pregnant women. The Congo Red Dot Test accurately predicted preeclampsia in a study of 347 pregnant women, allowing for better preventive care.
A team of Yale scientists has deciphered the color palette of a 150-million-year-old feathered dinosaur, Anchiornis huxleyi, revealing rich patterns and colors previously unknown. The analysis suggests that dinosaur feathers evolved for communication, rather than just flight.
Researchers have found 27 scent receptors in malaria-transmitting mosquitoes that detect compounds in human sweat. This discovery may lead to the development of new ways to combat malaria by repelling or confusing the mosquitoes. The study's findings could also inform the creation of more effective traps and repellents.
A recent survey found a significant decrease in Americans' concerns and trust in climate change. Only 57% believe global warming is happening, and 47% attribute it to human activities. Meanwhile, public trust in institutions and leaders has eroded, with distrust towards scientists, politicians, and the media on the rise
Researchers at Yale University have discovered that stopping the expression of two genes Lin28 and Oct4 can reduce ovarian cancer cell growth and survival. This could lead to more effective treatments for this deadly form of cancer, which has a high recurrence rate and resistance to treatment.
A Yale team found that inhibitory neurons in the visual cortex control how excitatory cells interact, allowing the brain to process complex scenes efficiently. The 'iceberg phenomenon' shows that only essential information is processed, while non-essential stimuli are suppressed.
Yale researchers found that cancer-causing mutations can cooperate to promote tumor development even when located in different cells within a tissue. Stress conditions like wounds can trigger cancer formation by activating signaling process JNK.
Researchers found that female ducks' vaginas have clockwise spirals to prevent males with aggressive penises from copulating. This evolutionary mechanism helps females control reproduction and provides a unique example of sexual conflict.
Researchers from Yale University and Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology created the first transistor made from a single molecule by manipulating the energy states of a benzene molecule through gold contacts. They successfully controlled the current passing through the molecule using voltage manipulation.
A new Yale University study suggests that current CO2 levels could lead to a greater temperature increase than previously thought, with temperatures potentially rising by 3 degrees Celsius or more. The research found that a relatively small rise in atmospheric CO2 was associated with substantial global warming during the mid- and early...
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine found that in typical readers, IQ and reading track together, but in children with dyslexia, they are not linked. Dyslexic individuals can be both bright and struggle with reading due to an uncoupling between cognitive ability and reading ability.
Scientists at Yale University have successfully used nanosensors to detect cancer biomarkers in whole blood for the first time. The new device can accurately measure concentrations of specific biomarkers with unprecedented precision, enabling faster and more reliable diagnoses.
A Yale study found that while the 'Back to Sleep' campaign reduced SIDS incidence, it has leveled off since guidelines were released. The study identified key factors linked to infant sleep position, including fear of choking and comfort concerns.
Researchers from Yale University and Mirna Therapeutics, Inc., used a naturally occurring tumor suppressor microRNA to reverse the growth of lung tumors in mice. The study found that let-7, a type of micro-RNA, reduced tumors by 66% in mice with non-small cell lung cancer.
A Yale University team developed a method to rapidly manipulate and sort cells in blood using magnetizable liquids. This technique could dramatically improve the speed and sensitivity of tests for cancer biomarkers, blood disorders, viruses, and other diseases.
Research at Yale University and the University of Chicago found that socially isolated female rats developed more tumors and more malignant types than their group-living counterparts. The study suggests a link between social isolation and cancer susceptibility, particularly in psychiatric disorders.
Yale researchers discovered exceptionally large RNAs in previously unstudied bacteria, suggesting many more remain to be found as scientists explore more bacterial species. These RNAs rank among the largest and most sophisticated yet discovered, potentially acting like enzymes or carrying out complex functions.
Healthcare professionals using a team approach saw significant improvements in treating patients having a heart attack, reducing door-to-balloon times by more than half since 2005. The study, published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, found widespread adoption of strategies to improve care across the nation.
A 24-week trial found that combining risperidone with parent training significantly reduced disruptive behaviors, tantrums, and aggression in children with autism. The study also showed a lower dose of risperidone was needed for the combination therapy group compared to medication-only treatment.
Researchers found that ghrelin is protective of dopamine neurons and can slow the development of Parkinson's disease. Ghrelin supplementation in mice showed increased dopamine production and reduced loss compared to controls.
A Yale geophysicist has found that the world's oceans are absorbing less carbon dioxide over the past 50 years. This reduced absorption rate could lead to faster climate change due to a longer lag time between temperature fluctuations and CO2 level changes.
Yale researchers have discovered that a protein found in tick saliva helps protect mice from developing Lyme disease. The findings may spur development of a new vaccine against infection from Lyme disease, which is spread through tick bites.
Research at Yale University reveals that an overactive immune response, rather than declining immunity, is to blame for increased susceptibility to viral infections among the elderly. In a study involving infected mice, inhibiting interleuken 17 prevented liver damage and death in aged cohorts.
Researchers at Yale University have identified a novel protective mechanism in photoreceptors that could help preserve vision in people with eye diseases. The study found that the activation of CREB1/ATF1 is part of this pathway, which was triggered by stress and can be activated by certain drugs.
Researchers developed a new approach to control chemical microenvironments using light and microparticles to mimic bacterial trails. They guided neutrophils to move along defined paths in response to artificial chemical signals.
A meta-analysis of over 28,000 toxicological tests challenges the notion that amphibians are uniquely susceptible to pollution. Researchers found that frogs range from moderately susceptible to 'bullet-proof' against environmental threats, with other factors contributing to their decline.
Researchers at Yale University developed synthetic molecules that enhance the body's immune response to HIV and prostate cancer cells. The molecules work by binding to antibodies and proteins on infected cells, triggering an immune response and preventing infection.
A new study by Yale University researchers reveals that learning to talk alters the way we hear speech sounds, suggesting a two-way street between sensory and motor processing. This finding has major implications for improving speech disorders such as those caused by stroke and Parkinson's disease.
Infants born to vaccinated mothers had lower hospitalization rates for influenza, highlighting the effectiveness of flu vaccination during pregnancy. The study found that vaccinating pregnant women significantly reduced hospitalizations in infants under six months old.
Researchers at Yale University developed a non-invasive test to assess embryo viability for IVF, based on metabolomic profiling of spent embryo cultures. The study found that this approach affected pregnancy outcomes in women treated in Europe and Australia.
A study by Yale researchers found that states with IVF insurance coverage have lower rates of multiple births compared to those without such coverage. The study suggests that increased costs for couples and insurance companies may lead to more embryos being transferred, resulting in higher-order multiple births.
A combination of estrogen and a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) may relieve menopause symptoms and lower breast cancer risk without the progestin side effects. Researchers treated breast and endometrial cell lines with the hormone mix, finding that it blocked cell growth and prevented proliferation.
Women without HOXA13 gene mutations do not need x-rays and tests for hand-foot genital syndrome, according to a new study. Hand-foot genital syndrome affects reproductive and urinary systems development.
A Yale team used whole exome sequencing to identify a mutation in a Turkish baby's genome, leading to a surprise diagnosis and treatment of congenital chloride diarrhea. The approach has potential for dramatic insights into human diseases and could become commonly used in clinical settings.
Researchers at Yale University have observed and tracked E. coli bacteria moving in a liquid medium with a motion similar to a kayak paddle. The study, published in Physical Review Letters, provides new insights into bacterial movement and may lead to breakthroughs in preventing bacterial migration and sickness.
A recent study published in Cell by Yale School of Medicine researchers identified a novel brain pathway where leptin regulates bone mass and suppresses appetite through serotonin pathways. The findings contradict the prevailing view that leptin primarily acts in the hypothalamus.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a novel mechanism that stops cancer cells from growing and dividing. The 'on-off switch' mechanism involves a tiny bit of genetic material that regulates the function of tumor-suppressor proteins, preventing cancer cells from proliferating.
Mary Tinetti, a Yale aging expert, will use her grant to further fall prevention research for older adults, while Richard Prum, an evolutionary biologist, aims to explore the physics of structural color in nature. Both researchers were awarded $500,000 'genius' grants by the MacArthur Foundation.
A Yale team found a crucial molecular mechanism for mixing neurons in columns of the cerebral cortex. This intermixing is essential for normal cognitive processing and disruption can lead to severe problems like autism and mental retardation.
Yale University has received over 100 research grants totaling $36 million since February 2009. These grants will fund groundbreaking research projects addressing devastating illnesses such as autism, autoimmune disease, and brain disorders.
A nationwide study found that elevated carbon monoxide levels, even below national limits, are associated with an increased risk of hospitalization for cardiovascular disease among seniors. The study suggests an under-recognized health risk to seniors, highlighting the need for re-evaluation of health-based standards.
Researchers have found evidence of iridescent colors in a 40-million-year-old feather fossil, revealing the first documented nanostructure responsible for color production. The discovery paves the way for studying color patterns in other ancient birds and dinosaurs.