Astronomers discover stars in early galaxies had a need for speed
Researchers measured the motion of stars in a distant galaxy and found they are moving at incredible speeds, contradicting expectations of small galaxy size.
Yale University
Yale researchers find key to keeping cells in shape
Yale scientists have discovered a crucial protein that regulates cell size by controlling the exit of potassium and chloride ions. This finding has significant implications for understanding diseases such as sickle cell anemia and neurological disorders, where cell size imbalances can lead to damage.
Yale scientists develop 'gas gauge' to prevent pregnancy loss
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have developed an equation to measure the volume of the placenta, providing a reliable way to monitor fetal growth and prevent pregnancy loss. The 'Estimated Placenta Volume' (EPV) test has shown accuracy of up to 89%, with potential to become routine for pregnant women.
Galaxy Zoo hunters help astronomers discover rare 'Green Pea' galaxies
Astronomers discover rare 'Green Pea' galaxies through Galaxy Zoo project, finding compact galaxies forming stars at high rates. The galaxies, 10 times smaller than Milky Way and 100 times less massive, are surprisingly active in star formation.
Why retroviruses such as HIV love their neighbors
Researchers at Yale University have discovered that infected cells produce viruses specifically at the point of contact between cells, making cell-to-cell transmission efficient and deadly. The study identified a possible weakness in this transmission chain by finding a sticky protein that docks with uninfected cells.
Yale researchers find key 'conductor' of nature's synchronicity
Researchers at Yale University found that predator-prey interactions play a crucial role in creating spatial synchronicity among living organisms. The study showed that changes in these interactions can have disastrous consequences for ecosystems.
Yale discovery may open door to drug that cuts appetite and boosts energy
Researchers at Yale University have made a groundbreaking discovery that reducing levels of an enzyme in the brain decreases appetites and increases energy levels. The study found that blocking this enzyme leads to weight loss and a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes in mice, providing new hope for treating metabolic disorders.
Pregnancy complications are a stress test for future maternal health and pregnancies
Research conducted by Yale University researchers found that women with preeclampsia in previous pregnancies are at higher risk of hypertension after pregnancy. Additionally, preterm delivery, preeclampsia, and low-birth weight tend to recur and increase the risk of complications in future pregnancies.
Secrets of a life-giving amino acid revealed by Yale researchers
Researchers at Yale University detail the molecular mechanisms governing selenium metabolism in the human body. The study reveals a highly specialized tRNA molecule responsible for selenocysteine production, which is crucial for recycling protective antioxidants.
New isotope cluster could lead to better understanding of atmospheric carbon dioxide
Researchers discovered an unexpected concentration of a certain isotopic molecule in parts of the stratosphere, which could help understand the carbon cycle and its response to climate change. The finding suggests that air from the mesosphere may be mixing with air from the stratosphere, leading to elevated concentrations of 16O13C18O.
Scientists discover repulsive side to light force
A Yale team has discovered a repulsive light force that can be used to control components on silicon microchips, paving the way for faster and more efficient nanodevices. The researchers found that by manipulating out-of-phase light beams, they could create a controlled repulsive force with tunable intensity.
Plants save the earth from an icy doom
Researchers at Yale University found that land plants stabilized atmospheric CO2 levels, preventing a deep frozen fate. This discovery supports the emerging view that plants should be recognized as a geologic force of nature, with important consequences for all life on Earth.
Scientists create first electronic quantum processor
Researchers at Yale University have successfully created a rudimentary solid-state quantum processor, performing simple algorithms like a search and demonstrating quantum information processing with a solid-state device for the first time. The team's achievement marks a significant step towards building a practical quantum computer.
Mate selection: How does she know he'll take care of the kids?
In species where females cannot pick up the slack, males' mating displays reliably indicate how much care they will provide. Honest male signals for parenting are more effective when males must care for offspring, according to Yale researchers.
Brain energy use key to understanding consciousness, Yale researchers find
High levels of brain energy are necessary for maintaining consciousness, according to Yale researchers. The study proposes that a conscious person requires a high level of brain energy, which supports human behavior and should be considered when interpreting fMRI signals.
From 'alarmed' to 'dismissive': The six ways Americans view global warming
A new report identifies six Americans who view global warming differently, from 'alarmed' to 'dismissive', revealing varying levels of concern, awareness, and action on climate change.
Yale study: Most polluted ecosystems recoverable
A Yale analysis of 240 studies found that forest ecosystems recover in 42 years, ocean bottoms in less than 10 years, and those affected by human-induced disturbances recover faster than natural events. The study suggests that restoration can become a key tool for conservation organizations to protect habitats.
Yale team identifies key to potential new treatment for allergy-induced asthma
Scientists at Yale School of Medicine and Hydra Biosciences have discovered that a protein called TRPA1 may be a trigger of allergy-induced asthma in mice. Inhibiting this protein with a drug known for reducing pain could also reduce asthma symptoms, providing new hope for treatment.
Nanotechnology holds promise for STD drug delivery
Researchers at Yale University have developed a novel approach to deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules using biodegradable nanoparticles, achieving sustained release and effective knockdown of gene activity. This breakthrough holds promise for the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), particularly HPV and HIV.
Obstetrical unit at Yale-New Haven Hospital achieves dramatic improvement in patient safety
A study at Yale-New Haven Hospital found that implementing simple clinical interventions, including communication training and standardizing procedures, significantly improved maternal and newborn outcomes. The rate of adverse events decreased by 60%, while the staff's perception of safety increased by 30%.
Catching the lightwave: Nano-mechanical sensors 'wired' by photonics
Yale researchers have demonstrated silicon-based nanocantilevers that operate on photonic principles, enabling ultra-sensitive measurements at the atomic level. The system can detect as little deflection as 0.0001 Angstroms, and a sensor multiplex format allows for complex measurements of patterns simultaneously.
Yale researchers uncover secrets of salmonella's stealth attack
A single protein called SopB allows Salmonella to invade cells and hijack cellular functions, enabling it to avoid destruction. The study reveals how SopB coaxes cells to mark the protein with ubiquitin, making it recognizable to cellular machinery.
In ocean's depths, heat-loving 'extremophile' evolves a strange molecular trick
The organism Methanopyrus kandleri has a mutation that shuts down cellular activity, but an enzyme converts it back to normal. This discovery may combat viruses and provide insights into protein biosynthesis.
Heart screening unnecessary in type 2 diabetes patients with no symptoms
A study found that routine screening of type 2 diabetics identifies a small group at higher risk, but doesn't significantly impact overall outcome, suggesting unnecessary screening may have economic implications and unnecessary procedures.
Bird feathers produce color through structure similar to beer foam
Research by Yale University reveals that bird feathers create bright colors through nanostructures resembling a sponge with air bubbles. The structures self-assemble as the feather grows, replacing water bubbles with air, and have significant implications for the role of color in birds' plumage.
Yale researchers discover mechanism for
Two-year-olds with autism lack selective attention to human movements, instead focusing on physically synchronous sounds and motion. Researchers tracked eye movements of children with and without autism while watching cartoon animations, revealing a key difference in how they process social cues.
Taking the conversation inside: Enhancing signals in cell interior
Yale researchers identify a crucial switching station beneath the cell surface for processing signals from outside the cell, describing a key molecular switch that terminates signaling. This discovery portrays a complex system of cellular information processing previously unseen.
Search for blood pressure secrets reveals a surprising new syndrome
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a previously undescribed syndrome associated with seizures, developmental delay, and hearing loss. The syndrome, named SeSAME, is caused by mutations in the KCNJ10 gene, which affects potassium channels in the brain, inner ear, and kidney.
Coming undone: How stress unravels the brain's structure
Research at Yale University finds stress-related losses of synapses in the hippocampal region precede helpless behavior in depression and PTSD. Rapid-acting antidepressants may restore lost synapses for immediate relief from depressive symptoms.
1 drug may help people both lay down the drink and put out the cigarette
A Yale University study found varenicline significantly reduced heavy-drinking smokers' alcohol consumption and cravings. The drug also showed no adverse effects when combined with low doses of alcohol.
CO2 drop and global cooling caused Antarctic glacier to form
A team of Yale scientists has discovered that a significant drop in CO2 levels triggered the rapid formation of massive ice sheets in Antarctica around 34 million years ago. The findings refute previous theories and suggest that a decline in greenhouse gases played a crucial role in shaping the climate during this period.
Yale researchers find new piece in Alzheimer's puzzle
Researchers at Yale University have identified a key role for cellular prion proteins in triggering the damage caused by amyloid-beta peptides in Alzheimer's patients. The study suggests that these proteins act as early targets for new therapies, offering promising hope for the treatment of this debilitating disease.
An angry heart can lead to sudden death, Yale researchers find
Yale researchers discover a link between anger and sudden cardiac arrests, which claim 400,000 lives annually. The study found that patients with T-wave alternans, a measure of electrical instability, were more likely to experience arrhythmias after a mental stress test.
Yale engineers revolutionize nano-device fabrication using amorphous metals
Researchers create a process that can produce nano-devices with features as small as 13 nanometers, outperforming silicon and steel. The use of bulk metallic glasses allows for molding fine details without grain size limitations.
Origin of claws seen in 390-million-year-old fossil
A 390-million-year-old fossil discovery sheds light on the origins of claws in scorpions and horseshoe crabs. The specimen, Schinderhannes bartelsi, features a head with large eyes, paired grasping appendages, and wing-like limbs, providing insights into the evolution of these unique structures.
Why don't more animals change their sex?
A Yale University study found that the biological costs of changing sexes are rarely sufficient to disfavor sex change, suggesting a possible explanation for its rarity among animals. Researchers built theoretical models and tested them using game theory, showing that only huge costs can disfavor sex change.
Key to pre-eclampsia may be found in misfolded proteins in the urine
Researchers at Yale University have identified misfolded proteins in the urine of pregnant women as a potential cause of preeclampsia. The discovery, made using proteomics and a novel dye test, offers a new approach to early diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Women with high blood pressure during pregnancy face future of complications
Researchers found that women who experienced complications due to hypertension in their first pregnancies are at a higher risk of hypertension after pregnancy. The study, conducted on over 11 million women, also showed that each subsequent affected pregnancy compounds the risks.
Umbilical cord protein analysis detects early onset infection
Yale researchers identified proteins associated with early onset neonatal sepsis, a stealthy bacterial infection linked to premature birth and death. The biomarkers found have diagnostic value for infection and inflammation, allowing for earlier identification of babies at risk.
'Fishy' clue helps establish how proteins evolve
Researchers at Yale and the University of Tokyo demonstrated how pyrrolysine (Pyl), a rare amino acid, was incorporated into proteins. This discovery opens the door to engineering the genetic code and understanding the functions of modifications found in human diseases.
Aspirin can prevent liver damage that afflicts millions, Yale study finds
A Yale study suggests simple aspirin can prevent liver damage from common drug side effects, alcohol abuse, and obesity-related diseases. The study found that aspirin reduced mortality caused by an overdose of acetaminophen and blocked inflammation pathways.
Feeling your words: Hearing with your face
Researchers find that stretching facial skin during speech affects perceived sound, linking production and perception. The study contributes to understanding the relationship between speech perception and production.
Mixing genomics and geography yields insights into life and environment
Using metagenomics, Yale scientists linked environmental factors to molecular changes in marine micro-organisms, revealing adaptations to temperature and salinity.
Verdict: Supermassive black holes not guilty of shutting down star formation
A team of Yale University astronomers discovered that galaxies stop forming stars before their central supermassive black holes reach their most powerful stage. The study found no bright AGN at the centers of star-forming galaxies, suggesting that the shutting-down process occurs earlier in the AGN's lifetime.
Yale survey: Americans eager to reduce their energy use
A national survey found that Americans are ready to reduce their energy use, with half having taken action and a substantial number planning to do so. The main barrier is financial cost, highlighting the need for innovative financing models.
Energy-efficient water purification made possible by Yale engineers
Yale researchers create systems that harness the power of osmosis to harvest freshwater from non-potable sources and generate electricity from low-temperature heat. This innovative approach requires significantly less energy than traditional desalination methods, offering a sustainable solution for increasing global water supply.
Study reveals surprisingly high tolerance for racism
Researchers at Yale University found that non-black participants exhibit low emotional response when confronted with racial slurs, perpetuating racism. This phenomenon is linked to unconscious biases and a lower willingness to confront racist behavior.
Fears of promiscuity pose barrier to cervical cancer vaccinations
Public concerns about costs and promiscuity pose a barrier to cervical cancer vaccinations, according to a Yale University study. The vast majority of surveyed adults believe the risk of cervical cancer is low with the HPV vaccine, but think adolescent promiscuity will increase among vaccinated teens.
Anti-clotting drug thins risk to pregnancy and surgery patients with blood disorder
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine developed a man-made anti-clotting protein that prevents excessive clotting in patients with hereditary antithrombin deficiency. The treatment showed no adverse effects during treatment or seven days after treatment, indicating its potential to prevent complications linked to the condition.
Nanotechnology 'culture war' possible, says Yale study
A Yale study reveals that the public's perception of nanotechnology is highly polarized based on cultural values, with some groups viewing it as safe and others as risky. The study suggests that public education strategies should consider citizens' predispositions to effectively communicate about nanotechnology.