Scientists at Yale University propose a new explanation for cancer metastasis, suggesting that the fusion of a cancer cell with a white blood cell is the key to its spread. This theory has been validated in mouse studies and could lead to new therapeutic approaches.
Researchers identified four additional factors, including birth weight, gender, and antenatal steroid use, that can predict the outcome for extremely low-birth-weight infants. The study found that older gestational age, female sex, singleton births, and higher birth weight enhanced survival chances without disability.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a new drug compound, NV-128, that can induce the death of ovarian cancer cells resistant to chemotherapy. The compound works by halting the activation of the mTOR protein pathway, which is associated with tumor growth and resistance to conventional therapies.
Researchers have identified and cloned ovarian cancer stem cells, which may be the source of recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy. These stem cells can replicate indefinitely and are highly resistant to conventional treatment.
Scott A. Strobel has made seminal contributions to the understanding of RNA structure and function, revealing its catalytic role through various disciplines. He will give the award lecture at the American Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology annual meeting.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered that rare genetic variants can be associated with a significantly lower risk of developing high blood pressure. The study found that individuals carrying one defective copy of a gene had a 60% lower risk of developing hypertension by age 60 compared to the general population.
Researchers at Yale University have visualized the crystal structure of group II introns, a type of RNA that catalyzes its own removal during gene maturation. The study provides new insights into the mechanism of mRNA splicing in humans and shares a close evolutionary heritage with ancient bacteria.
Research conducted by Yale University psychologist Victoria Brescoll reveals that women who express anger are viewed as less capable than men. In contrast, angry men are seen as more competent and deserving of higher status. Explaining one's emotions may help mitigate this bias.
A new genetic analysis by Yale School of Medicine researchers suggests that a genetic variant in East Asian populations may have protected residents from becoming alcoholics. The study found that this variant became widespread through natural selection in specific Hmong- and Altaic-speaking groups, hinting at an environmental factor.
A new study by Yale and Washington University researchers challenges the idea that complex traits have a 'cost of complexity,' suggesting that many mutations only affect a small number of traits. The team identified genomic regions affecting skeleton characteristics, revealing a well-coordinated process in tuning up complex traits.
Researchers at Yale University found that exposure to DES alters HOXA10 gene expression, leading to uterine cancer and fertility problems in female offspring. Long-term effects of similar substances like BPA on reproductive health remain a concern.
Research at Yale University reveals a link between grhelin, the hunger hormone, and decreased fertility. Grhelin's impact on reproductive health is seen in mice bred with low ghrelin levels, producing smaller litter sizes and altered uterine development.
Researchers at Yale University have successfully created new neurons using uterine stem cells, which increased dopamine levels and partially corrected Parkinson's disease symptoms in mice. This breakthrough has significant implications for the development of a potential human treatment.
A Yale study reveals weight bias is as common as racial discrimination, with women experiencing twice the risk of men, and affecting workplace and interpersonal interactions. The study documents self-reported weight discrimination and compares it to experiences of racial and gender-based discrimination among adults.
Researchers at Yale University and Asuragen, Inc. found that the microRNA let-7 substantially reduced cancer growth in multiple mouse models of lung cancer, indicating a direct role for miRNAs in cancer progression. The study introduces a new paradigm for using miRNAs as effective therapeutic agents to treat human cancer.
Researchers developed artificial cell-like particles made of biodegradable material that can target specific diseases or infections. The new method enhances T cell activation by up to 45 times, addressing limitations of previous immunotherapy procedures.
Erin Lavik, an assistant professor of biomedical engineering at Yale University, was recognized as one of the Connecticut Technology Council's 2008 Women of Innovation. Her research focuses on developing new therapeutic approaches for spinal cord injury and retinal degeneration.
A Yale study finds that predators, rather than plants, determine the type and abundance of herbivores and carnivores in an ecosystem. The research shows how spider hunting modes affect grasshopper behavior, promoting habitat diversity but also depleting nitrogen in the soil.
A Yale University study suggests that compromised DNA repair processes may lead to widespread mutations and an increased risk of cancer. The research found that the immune system's somatic hypermutation process, which introduces random mutations in B cells' antibody genes, is a key factor in the development of lymphoma.
A new technique developed at Yale School of Medicine promotes rapid bone formation by removing bone marrow and injecting a hormone, offering a promising alternative to current treatments for weakened or fractured bones. The study, conducted in mice, shows that this procedure creates new bone tissue with improved biomechanical properties.
Researchers at Yale University have received a $4 million NIH grant to study new biomarkers for detecting acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery. The goal is to develop an earlier and more accurate diagnosis, reducing mortality rates.
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have developed a blood test that detects early stage ovarian cancer with 99% accuracy, building on previous work showing 95% effectiveness. The new platform uses six protein biomarkers instead of four, increasing specificity from 95 to 99.4%.
A new study by Yale School of Medicine researchers found that older women are more prone to depression and less likely to die from it compared to older men. The study, which evaluated 754 individuals aged 70+, found that women were more likely to experience symptoms of depression and remain depressed over time.
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine implemented clinical patient safety interventions to standardize communication and interpretation of fetal monitoring, leading to a 60% decrease in adverse events over 2.5 years. The staff's perception of the safety climate also increased by 30%.
A study by Yale University researchers has identified a gene, ENPP1, linked to preterm birth and low birth weight in Hispanic women. The study found that this variant of the gene may be associated with deranged energy metabolism, a possible explanation for preterm births.
A recent study by Yale University researchers found that IVF twin pregnancies have a higher prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD) compared to singletons. The study, which examined almost 2,000 patients, revealed a three-fold increase in CHD among IVF twins.
A protein called macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been found to activate AMPK, a key regulator of cellular energy balance, protecting the heart from injury during a heart attack. MIF may help identify individuals at higher risk for cardiac damage during a heart attack based on their genetic characteristics.
Researchers found that farming practices, such as liming and changes in tile drainage, are responsible for the majority of increased water and carbon dioxide in the Mississippi River. The study's findings highlight the significant impact of agricultural activities on the river's chemistry and ecosystem.
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine discovered a significant association between low vitamin E levels and physical decline in older adults. The three-year study found that individuals with lower vitamin E levels experienced a 62% greater risk of declining in physical function.
The discovery of a 480-million-year-old machaeridian fossil has provided new insights into the evolution of annelid worms. The specimen's soft tissues have revealed an elongate body with paired limb-like extensions and stiff bristles, confirming its classification as an annelid worm.
A recent study by Yale researchers found significant racial disparities in cancer therapy, with black patients less likely than white counterparts to receive treatment for various cancers. Despite efforts to improve access to care, the disparities persisted, highlighting the need for continued work to address these issues.
A new study from Yale University suggests that preventing half of new XDR TB cases can be achieved through inexpensive infection control measures, including reducing hospital overcrowding and improving ventilation. This could potentially save millions of lives globally.
Making preschool available to all children aged three and older in the US would improve school-readiness, fill gaps for working families, and lower high school dropout rates. The initiative would also reduce crime and boost the economy, according to Edward Zigler, Walter Gilliam, and Stephanie Jones.
A study by Yale School of Medicine identified a genetic mutation that expands lesions in the aorta and promotes coronary atherosclerosis. The researchers found that mice lacking the Akt1 gene developed more severe aortic atherosclerosis, highlighting the importance of this gene in regulating endothelial cell development
Researchers at Yale University found that an antibody used to treat certain cancers and rheumatoid arthritis delays type 1 diabetes in mice. The treatment works by depleting B cells, which can continue to suppress the inflammatory response even after the antibody is no longer administered.
The $9.7 million VIRGO study aims to understand premature heart disease in young women, with 2,000 participants aged 55 and younger, compared to 1,000 men. Researchers will investigate genetic, demographic, psychosocial, and behavioral factors contributing to this high-risk group.
A new study by Yale School of Medicine researchers suggests that colon cancer screenings may bring little benefit and pose harm to certain patients. The 'payoff time' method estimates the minimum time required for screening benefits to outweigh harms, revealing a significant gap in current guidelines.
Researchers at Yale University discovered how molecular muscles assemble a 'contractile ring' to divide cells, using a 'search, capture, pull and release' mechanism. The mechanism involves protein clusters on the inside of the cell membrane that grow and connect, forming a condensed ring.
Researchers at Yale University have shown that early treatment of epilepsy-prone rats with ethosuximide can suppress seizures and reduce their frequency even after treatment is stopped. This breakthrough could lead to preventing epilepsy in genetically susceptible people.
A study by Yale biologists investigated the genetic diversity of Galápagos marine iguanas before and after the 1997 El Niño event, revealing differing responses among populations. The research highlights the importance of studying population genetics over time to understand vulnerability to environmental stresses.
A Yale University study found that children follow adults' actions faithfully, even when they are unnecessary, leading to confusion and difficulties in learning. The research suggests that children's ability to imitate can actually hinder their learning process if they observe an adult performing inefficient behavior.
Researchers at Yale University discovered a novel gene, VGF, that plays a crucial role in exercise-induced antidepressant effects. The study found that enhancing VGF expression can function like a powerful anti-depressant, providing a potential new treatment target for depression.
Babies as young as six months old showed a preference for individuals who help others, while hindering was met with disdain. This early ability to evaluate people suggests that assessing interactions is central to processing the social world.
A 390-million-year-old sea scorpion fossil found in Germany shows that ancient arthropods like spiders and insects were much larger than their modern-day equivalents. The fossil claw is over a foot-and-a-half long, indicating these creatures were among the largest extinct arthropods.
Bioengineers at Yale have created a new method of drug delivery that effectively targets and treats brain tumors by adding a water-soluble polymer to the anti-cancer drug. This approach has the potential to increase treatment distances, potentially preventing recurrence and improving treatment outcomes.
The Peking-Yale Joint Center will receive continued and expanded support from Monsanto, enabling graduate student exchanges and plant biology-related programs. The center aims to improve crop production by advancing understanding of plant biology.
A study by Yale researchers suggests that YKL-40 may play a role in severe asthma, with elevated levels correlating to increased inflammation and lung function. The discovery brings hope for developing a blood test to identify patients with severe asthma, which affects 2.5 million Americans.
A new technology developed at Yale allows researchers to detect and identify protein interactions within living cells without disrupting them. The method uses small molecule probes that bind to specific amino acid tags, enabling the visualization of protein conformations at high resolution.
A recent study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals that breastfeeding enhances infant intelligence quotient (IQ) only if they have a specific genetic variant. This variant, found in the FADS2 gene, influences the metabolism of breast milk's long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are essential for...
African American women are diagnosed with breast cancer at a younger age and have larger tumors than Caucasian women. The study found higher relapse rates in African American patients after treatment.