The Sloan Foundation has honored three young scientists at Yale with two-year Research Fellowships for their outstanding contributions to physics, computer science, and neuroscience. The fellows will receive $45,000 awards to pursue their research interests without restrictions.
Researchers found that bacteria like E. coli swim 'to the left' due to opposing forces of flow and bacterial motion, allowing them to find crevices and swim upstream. This phenomenon may contribute to high rates of infection in catheterized patients.
A recent study by Yale University researchers found that BPA alters the expression of key developmental genes necessary for uterine development, potentially leading to infertility in females. The study used pregnant female mice exposed to varying doses of BPA, revealing a link between BPA exposure and fertility defects.
Researchers at Yale University developed a method to trap viruses in cells that prevent their reproduction, potentially alleviating disease. By using 'trap cells' with viral binding sites, the virus population declines towards extinction when the number of trap cells exceeds a threshold.
A new study by Yale University researchers found a link between long-term marijuana smoking and respiratory complications, including obstructive lung disease. The study's findings suggest that patients should be advised of the potential negative impact on overall lung health despite methodological limitations.
Pregnant women over 40 years old are at higher risk of stillbirth due to various pregnancy complications. Fetal testing at 38 weeks gestation is most effective in reducing stillbirth rates among older women.
Researchers at Yale University discovered a potential reversible cause of first-degree fetal heart block, which impairs the heart's electrical signaling. The PRIDE study found that early treatment with dexamethasone can reverse the condition, but it can progress rapidly to irreversible third-degree block.
Researchers used 3-D ultrasound to measure fetal adrenal gland size, identifying a preterm risk of delivery within five days. This method has the potential to assist clinicians in devising better therapeutic and preventive interventions for preterm birth.
Researchers at Yale University developed a novel method to detect abnormal proteins in amniotic fluid, indicating a higher risk of delivering prematurely. The study found that these proteins are associated with inflammation and infection, allowing for earlier detection and treatment of neonatal infections.
Researchers at Yale University have created a protein-like molecule using beta-amino acids, which could have been the natural building blocks of life. The discovery shows that peptides assembled from these non-natural building blocks can fold into structures similar to natural proteins.
Using artificial atoms on a chip, Yale physicists have successfully detected and stored individual microwave photons, bringing quantum mechanics to a larger scale. This breakthrough enables the creation of new types of quantum machines that can exponentially speed up computations in cryptography, quantum physics, and chemistry.
A Yale University study found that black women are more likely to experience inadequate communication of mammogram results, leading to reduced benefits. The researchers noted that cultural and social dynamics may contribute to these disparities.
Researchers at Yale University have developed a novel approach to synthesizing nanowires, allowing them to integrate with microelectronic systems and act as highly sensitive biomolecule detectors. This breakthrough has profound implications for the application of nanoscience technologies and future diagnostics.
A team of researchers from Yale University and other institutions have discovered two 56-million-year-old fossils, including the most primitive primate skeleton ever described. The study reconstructs the base of the primate family tree, providing evidence that plesiadapiforms are the most primitive primates.
Glenn Micalizio, Yale Assistant Professor, has been awarded the Eli Lilly Grantee Award for his research on simplifying organic chemistry. His work focuses on developing new methods for forming carbon–carbon bonds to facilitate drug discovery.
A systematic literature review found that opioids are effective only in the short-term (less than four months) treatment of chronic low back pain. Long-term effectiveness is not conclusive, and behaviors consistent with opioid abuse were reported in 24 percent of cases.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered how Campylobacter jejuni enters intestinal cells and avoids destruction. The bacteria creates its own intracellular network of vacuoles, diverting from the conventional endocytic pathway.
Research at Yale University reveals estrogen regulates brain energy metabolism similarly to leptin, leading to a promising avenue for addressing obesity in those resistant to leptin. The study's findings suggest that estrogen may suppress appetite using independent pathways from leptin, making it a potential target for weight management.
A new study by Yale University researchers found that race consciousness is pervasive among physicians of African descent, leading to negative experiences and 'racial fatigue.' The study highlights the need to address racial disparities in the healthcare workplace to increase diversity and retain minority physicians.
A study by Yale University researchers found that Swedish massage therapy significantly improved symptoms in adults with osteoarthritis of the knee, including reduced pain and increased flexibility. The treatment was shown to be safe and effective, with benefits persisting after completion of the massage intervention.
Research suggests that massive ancient carbon releases caused global warming 55 million years ago, with temperatures increasing by up to 9°F (5°C) in just 10,000 years. The findings imply high climate sensitivity to CO2 and contradict skepticism about the Earth's response to increased carbon dioxide emissions.
A recent study by researchers at Yale University found that routine HIV screening in virtually all health settings is cost-effective and saves lives. The study provides strong support for the US CDC guidelines recommending HIV screening of all persons aged 13-64 in all healthcare settings.
A study by Yale University researchers found that exempting high-value preventive services from cost sharing can preserve the use of important health benefits while controlling overall health-care costs. The study, which analyzed Alcoa's benefit plan, suggests that this approach may encourage more firms to maintain rates of preventive ...
A recent study by Yale University researchers highlights substantial global health inequalities influenced by economic, social, and health-sector variables. Countries with low income and high mortality rates have lower investment in human and physical resources, more health risks, and worse educational outcomes.
Researchers at Yale University found that competitive female cyclists have reduced genital sensitivity. No negative effects were observed on sexual function or quality of life in the study's young, healthy participants.
Researchers at Yale University have found a gene variant that increases the risk of developing aggressive 'wet' age-related macular degeneration, the most common cause of blindness in people over 50. The study found a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the HTRA1 gene on chromosome 10 associated with greatly increased risk of wet AMD.
Joel Rosenbaum's research has made significant advances in understanding the assembly, maintenance and function of cilia and flagella, leading to a deeper understanding of polycystic kidney disease (PKD). His work has also revealed the importance of primary non-motile cilia in signaling pathways.
A new study aims to uncover the causes of the testicular cancer increase among 15-35 year old Caucasian men. The research will examine environmental hormone disruptors and genetic susceptibility as potential risk factors.
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine found that genetic factors contribute significantly to the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), with 70% of the contribution attributed to genetics. The study identified gestational age and supplemental oxygen as significant independent contributing factors for ROP.
Researchers analyzed mitochondrial genes of 70 lemurs suspected of being different species due to striking coat colors, finding they belonged to the same Microcebus griseorufus species. Genetic analysis revealed no significant differences among them, suggesting that morphological variations may not necessarily indicate distinct species.
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine found that hospitals using six specific strategies have faster door-to-balloon times, resulting in better patient outcomes. These strategies include activating the catheterization laboratory and having real-time data feedback for staff.
The study reveals substantial global health inequalities influenced by geography, with countries like sub-Saharan Africa and Afghanistan facing higher child mortality rates. The authors found a four-fold difference in poverty levels and less investment in human resources between these countries and their low-mortality counterparts.
Researchers at Yale University found that Ang2 protein levels are higher in patients with acute lung injury and pulmonary edema. The study suggests that modulating Ang2 levels may help control acute lung injury, offering new potential therapeutic targets.
Ghrelin, a stomach hormone, induces food intake by signaling in the brain's reward circuitry, controlling craving behavior. Blocking ghrelin may suppress feeding and seeking out food or energy.
A study by Yale researchers found that extensively drug resistant TB is prevalent among HIV co-infected patients in South Africa, with high mortality rates reported. The study suggests urgent intervention is necessary to address this global health issue, which threatens the success of TB and HIV treatment programs.
A team of Yale biomedical engineers and cell biologists received a $1-million grant to create smart nanoparticles for vaccine delivery. They aim to develop materials that mimic biological vectors, evading normal barriers and stimulating antigen-presenting cells.
A study by Yale researchers has identified a gene variant associated with Crohn's disease, which may offer new therapeutic targets for the condition. The discovery was made in collaboration with international researchers who scanned the genome of over 300,000 individuals to identify genetic components of inflammatory bowel disease.
A special issue of Yale's Journal of Industrial Ecology highlights the most impactful products on the environment, with 70-80% of damage attributed to automobiles, air transport, food, and energy use. The research informs environmental improvement programs and policy decisions globally.
Yale University and NFCR have established a research center to design and discover new anti-cancer drug treatments. The center will focus on developing beta-peptide inhibitors that can target abnormal protein-protein interactions, which are often present in cancer cells.
Stephen Kellert, Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies professor, receives North American Association for Environmental Education award for his theoretical and scientific contributions. His work focuses on the value and conservation of nature, with a particular interest in harmonizing natural and human-built environments.
A team of astronomers discovered that many large galaxies in the early universe had a low stellar birth rate, suggesting a cosmic 'birth control' mechanism that prevented excessive star formation. The study found that these galaxies formed stars when the universe was just 20% of its current age.
A Yale University study reveals leptin's powerful effect on the brain's reward center, impacting appetite regulation. The hormone suppresses dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area, linked to behaviors like obesity, drug addiction, and impulsivity.
The Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) has received a five-year award to examine the impact of aging and alcohol use among those with and without chronic HIV infection. The study will investigate the independent effects of these factors, as well as their interaction, on health outcomes.
A pilot study by Yale School of Nursing and Child Study Center found that Parent Management Training (PMT) successfully controlled moderate to severe levels of oppositional behavior in children with TS, leading to a 51% decline in disruptive behavior. The results showed significant improvement compared to the control group.
The new initiative, led by Yale University, Marsh, and Ceres, aims to educate top corporate leaders about the financial, legal, and business implications of climate change. The training program will provide insights into how companies can navigate the transformations required in their businesses due to climate change.
A Yale University study reveals that high levels of testosterone can lead to programmed cell death in nerve cells, associated with conditions like Alzheimer's disease. Elevated testosterone also triggers behavioral changes such as hyperexcitability and suicidal tendencies.
Sven-Eric Jordt and Michelle L. Bell received the Outstanding New Environmental Scientist (ONES) Award for their research on environmental health, focusing on asthma, allergy, and dermatitis. Their studies will investigate the relationship between environmental exposures and human disease.
Mark Brandon's award-winning research explores the dynamics of erosion in tectonically active mountain ranges. His work has shed light on the interplay between accretion, erosion, and wedge growth in shaping the Earth's surface.
A recent study examines the effectiveness of forest certification programs in developing countries, finding that existing demand from North American and European markets has not significantly influenced forest management choices. The book argues that increased commercial support is needed for improved environmental and social practices.
The Yale Center of Excellence in Genomic Science will receive a five-year, $18 million grant from the National Human Genome Research Institute. The team aims to refine technologies for analyzing gene regulation and exploring inflammation, with potential applications in understanding diseases like heart disease, arthritis, and allergies.