A University of Wisconsin-Madison scientist has proven that composite materials can be stable even if one component is unstable, allowing for a wider range of properties and improved overall performance. This breakthrough could lead to materials with virtually limitless performance capabilities.
A new study by Cornell University researchers found that sad people tend to overeat comfort foods, but those with nutritional information curtail their consumption. In contrast, happy individuals already avoid excessive eating and are not influenced by nutrition labels.
A study published in Inhalation Toxicology found that rats exposed to highway pollution showed a significant drop in heart rate and disruption of the autonomic nervous system. This discovery highlights the potential risks of air pollution on cardiovascular health, particularly for individuals with pre-existing heart disease.
First- or second-generation immigrants make up a disproportionate high percentage of Black student population at U.S. universities, with selectivity increasing proportionally. Despite this, Black immigrant students perform similarly to native counterparts in academic performance.
A new study published in the American Journal of Public Health confirms the association between passive smoke in the workplace and an increased risk of lung cancer. Researchers found a 24% increase in lung cancer risk among people exposed to passive smoke, with highly exposed workers facing a 100% increased risk.
A new study by the University of Missouri-Columbia found that kids who watched more TV were at greatest risk of becoming overweight. Family meal times were also linked to healthier eating habits, suggesting other benefits for weight prevention.
Researchers at Barrow will investigate gene defects in NF1 affecting nerve cell function and molecule movement. The grant aims to identify new targets for treating Neurofibromatosis 1, a genetic disorder causing tumors and developmental problems.
The Cornell-led International Tomato Sequencing Project will sequence the tomato genome and create a comprehensive database of genomic sequences, enabling researchers to study crop development and domestication. The project, funded by $1.8 million from the NSF, aims to tie together maps and genomes of all plants in the Solanaceae family.
A new study suggests that pre-dive intake of antioxidants Vitamin C and E can reduce alterations in cardiovascular function. This intervention showed a positive effect on vascular endothelial function, while other cardiac changes were unaffected.
Researchers at UCLA suggest that the brain uses physical changes to cells to monitor time, rather than a clock-like mechanism. The team's computer model showed that the brain-cell network can encode time through the context of preceding events, which was tested in a study with research volunteers.
Researchers found that early brain degeneration can be reversed if prions are depleted in neurons, leading to improved cognitive function and reversal of neurological pathology. This discovery opens new avenues for targeting neuronal prion protein as a therapeutic approach and may enable early intervention in human prion disease.
Researchers found that seeing leftover chicken bones on plates led to a 43% increase in eating, while those who ate off clean plates consumed less. The study suggests serving yourself onto a plate and stopping when it's empty can help prevent overeating at Super Bowl parties.
Young adults (19-25) prefer text messaging for its instant social interaction, a perceived economical cost, and fun technology. They send an average of 50 messages per month and spend $46 US per month on mobile phone services.
A new study published in The Annals of Pharmacotherapy found that phenylephrine may not be as effective as previously thought, with some studies showing no significant benefit. The study's findings suggest that higher doses of the drug could increase the risk of adverse effects, and the FDA is urged to require additional research.
A RAND Corporation study found that better outpatient medical care leads to improved health and quality of life for non-elderly patients with chronic illnesses. The study, which evaluated 963 adults over a 30-month period, showed that those receiving higher-quality care experienced less decline in health and function.
A review published in Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics confirms chromium picolinate's benefits in improving glycemic control and normalizing lipid levels. Higher doses of chromium picolinate are required for people with type 2 diabetes, and its greater bioavailability may explain its superior effects.
A Yale University study found that black women are more likely to experience inadequate communication of mammogram results, leading to reduced benefits. The researchers noted that cultural and social dynamics may contribute to these disparities.
Researchers found that mice deficient for SHP exhibited an earlier onset of fertility due to reduced repression on testosterone production and germ cell differentiation. This discovery may lead to exploration of SHP in human subjects with fertility issues.
Researchers used NASA's Aura satellite to track the origin and movements of water vapor in the atmosphere. They found that tropical rainfall evaporation and water
Researchers investigate fatigue in various populations, finding distinct definitions for tiredness, fatigue, and exhaustion. The study aims to prevent progression from tiredness to exhaustion, emphasizing the importance of recognizing changes consistent with fatigue and exhaustion.
Researchers studied emperor penguin breeding habits to understand how they conserve energy in extreme cold. The study found that deep body temperatures decrease during huddling, but core temperature remains constant, suggesting a trade-off between egg incubation and energy savings.
Using tropical fish, researchers discovered the brain processes sensory information to control movement. The study sheds light on the communication between the brain and body, potentially contributing to medical advances in humans.
A new compound, 2-5AN6B, has shown significant promise in inhibiting HIV replication in white blood cells from HIV-infected patients. The compound works by a different mechanism than current drugs, reducing the risk of mutation and improving treatment effectiveness.
Researchers found evidence of leech-borne transmission of a fungus-like organism infecting newts' muscles, which may affect their ability to reproduce. The infection is not fatal but can impact newt populations. Human activities, such as fertilizer use in wetlands, could lead to increased leech abundance and disease spread.
A study found a strong connection between muscle damage during vaginal deliveries and pelvic organ prolapse, which causes the uterus, bladder, or bowel to fall down. The research suggests that preventing these injuries can help reduce the rate of pelvic organ prolapse.
A Phase III trial of cellulose sulfate, a topical microbicide gel, has been halted due to preliminary results indicating an increased risk of HIV infection in women. The Independent Data Monitoring Committee will conduct a review of the data to better understand the findings and determine implications for future research.
A University of Washington study found that women living in areas with higher levels of air pollution have a greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease and dying from cardiovascular causes. Fine particulate matter, tiny airborne particles, were linked to a significant increase in cardiovascular disease events.
A new study from the University of Missouri-Columbia reveals that spirituality positively affects African-American women's willingness to talk about breast cancer and engage in preventative measures. For Caucasian women, spiritual locus of control plays no significant role in paying attention to breast cancer information.
Researchers at Ames Laboratory have developed a novel composite material that combines tungsten and metallic glass to create an armor-piercing projectile. The nanostructured material exhibits self-sharpening behavior, making it a potential replacement for depleted uranium in kinetic energy penetrators.
Researchers identify neural and signaling mechanisms responsible for hallucinogen effects by studying the activation of 5-HT2A receptors in the brain. The findings may advance understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders treated with existing pharmacological treatments.
A study found that children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis had significant direct medical costs, including $1,686 per year. The study also highlighted the importance of long-term medical and social costs in resource allocation.
Researchers at MIT have created nanoparticles that mimic blood platelets to target cancer tumors. These particles can be used for non-invasive imaging of fast-growing cancer hot spots in tumors, as well as delivering chemotherapy directly into the tumor.
Researchers at Yale University have developed a novel approach to synthesizing nanowires, allowing them to integrate with microelectronic systems and act as highly sensitive biomolecule detectors. This breakthrough has profound implications for the application of nanoscience technologies and future diagnostics.
A new pilot project will determine whether changes to a community's infrastructure can encourage physical activity, such as walking or bicycling. Researchers hope to discover the long-term effects of these infrastructure changes on obesity-related chronic disease and advocate for nationwide implementation.
Scientists have developed a potential neuroprotective treatment using a decoy peptide that tricks the toxic enzyme calpain, preventing over-excited receptors in the brain from causing cell death. The technique may lead to new drugs for stroke and Alzheimer's patients.
The US shortnose sturgeon population has increased by over 400 percent in the Hudson River since the 1970s, marking a rare recovery of an endangered species. The study suggests that protection and conservation efforts can lead to successful recoveries, even in areas with high human activity.
A recent study published in Arthritis Care & Research found that exercise neither protects against nor increases the risk of knee OA in middle-aged and older adults. The study, which analyzed data from over 1,200 subjects, suggests that physical activity can be done safely without concerns about developing OA.
Researchers found an association between the use of products containing lavender oil and/or tea tree oil and prepubertal gynecomastia in young males. Laboratory studies confirmed that these oils can mimic estrogen effects and inhibit androgen effects, leading to breast tissue growth.
New research identifies a particular gene influencing the severity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections, which can contribute to chronic asthma. The study suggests that different treatment strategies might be needed for asthma caused by lung infections rather than allergies, as the disease may have a distinct mechanism.