A study published in Journal of Infectious Diseases found that children who received two doses of the varicella vaccine had a 95% lower risk of developing chicken pox. The effectiveness of two doses was 98.3%, significantly higher than one dose at 86%.
Researchers found that vaccinating pregnant women against influenza prevents hospitalization in infants by 91.5%. This effective strategy protects young infants without a vaccine, and is cost-effective as it protects two individuals.
Researchers identified SynCAM 1, a molecule that promotes synaptic connections and controls plasticity in the brain. The study found that too much of this molecule can be damaging, while mice with normal amounts of it have impaired learning ability.
A Yale University study found that LGB adolescents are 40% more likely to be punished by school authorities, police, and the courts. Girls who identified as lesbian or bisexual were especially at risk for unequal treatment, with twice as many police stops, arrests, and convictions.
Astronomers at Yale University have discovered that small red dwarfs are much more prolific than previously believed, increasing the total number of stars in the universe. The discovery found 20 times more red dwarfs in elliptical galaxies than in the Milky Way, with potential implications for galaxy formation and evolution.
A Yale University study found that the risk of dying from a heat wave is highest when they occur early in the summer and are hotter and longer than usual. The average daily risk of non-accidental death increased by an average of 3.74 percent during heat waves.
A telephone call-in program designed to improve doctor-patient communication for heart failure patients failed to show improved patient outcomes, according to a Yale University study. The six-month study tested a telemonitoring system that allowed patients to send daily information about their condition to their doctor.
A new study by Yale University researchers found that gaming is associated with lower odds of smoking regularly in boys, but links to getting into serious fights and carrying a weapon to school in girls. Problematic gaming is also linked to regular cigarette smoking, drug use, depression and serious fights in both boys and girls.
Researchers at Yale University used fMRI to identify three distinct 'neural signatures' in children with autism and their unaffected siblings. These patterns, including reduced activity in certain brain regions and enhanced compensatory activity, may help with earlier and more accurate diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder.
A special issue of Yale's Journal of Industrial Ecology examines innovative ICT applications for energy efficiency, smart irrigation, and carbon reduction. The research assesses the environmental impacts of ICT and entertainment sectors, estimating their net environmental impact and potential for reducing carbon emissions.
Astronomers have confirmed that Hanny's Voorwerp is a large cloud of glowing gas illuminated by the light from a quasar, which has since burned out. The team found that the quasar lighting up the gas took up to 70,000 years to travel through space.
A Yale study reveals that hospitalizations and injuries are linked to worsening functional ability in older adults, especially those who are physically frail. The study found that fall-related injuries led to the highest likelihood of developing new or worsening disability.
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have discovered a new pathway involving multiple cell types that contributes to the development of Type 1 Gaucher disease. This knowledge could lead to more effective and less expensive treatments, including a small molecule substrate inhibitor in pill form.
Lowering STEP protein levels reversed cognitive deficits in mice with Alzheimer's disease, according to a Yale University study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The research found that reducing STEP levels is sufficient to reverse cognitive defects in mice without the Alzheimer's mutation.
Yale University researchers have found a genetic trigger for depression, identifying the MKP-1 gene as a promising target for new antidepressants. The study found that increased levels of this gene are associated with signaling abnormalities in the brain, which can lead to depression.
A study published in PLoS ONE found that Tyrannosaurus rex had bite marks on its own bones, indicating cannibalism. The research suggests that T. rex may have eaten smaller dinosaurs as well, and that its eating habits were different from those of modern species.
A new study pinpoints threats to life in the world's rivers, citing climate change as a major factor. Researchers found that large predators will be threatened by changing water flows, while longer food chains support more organisms and larger predators.
Researchers trick Staphylococcus aureus bacteria into embedding foreign small molecules within their cell walls by manipulating an enzyme. This discovery could lead to novel therapeutics and real-time monitoring of diseases.
A Yale team has achieved the entanglement of three solid-state qubits for the first time, paving the way for quantum error correction and future quantum computing. The accomplishment builds on their previous development of a rudimentary solid-state quantum processor.
Researchers successfully recreated the extreme conditions found at the Earth's core-mantle boundary, enabling them to study the behavior of a unique mineral called post-perovskite. This discovery sheds light on how seismic waves travel through this region and provides insights into Earth's internal heating and cooling processes.
A team of Yale physicists has successfully cooled molecules using lasers, bringing scientists closer to individual molecule-based qubits. This achievement promises new applications in quantum computing, chemistry, and particle physics, offering a promising breakthrough in the field.
NeuFlow is a new supercomputer that processes tens of megapixel images in real time, allowing for rapid object recognition. The system has the potential to enable self-driving cars by recognizing various objects on the road, such as other cars, people, and stoplights.
Researchers found that glaciers in southern Patagonian Andes have helped mountains grow, not erode, by providing an icy shield. The study's findings contradict the glacial buzzsaw theory, which predicted glaciers would slow mountain growth.
Researchers found a genetic rarity where disease-causing genes can self-repair, resulting in spots of normal skin amidst diseased skin. The recombination of chromosomes prior to cell division leads to cells with either two mutant copies or no mutant copies, forming normal skin patches.
A Yale team has discovered the secrets of a 'magic' antidepressant that can take effect in hours, rather than weeks or months. The study found that ketamine restores connections between brain cells damaged by chronic stress.
Using gravitational lensing, researchers probe elusive dark energy for the first time, improving current measurements of mass and energy content. The results narrow the range of estimates about dark energy's effect on the universe by 30 percent.
A study by Yale University researchers found that a combination of four herbs reduced gastrointestinal side effects of chemotherapy in mice while increasing the effectiveness of cancer treatment. The herbal formula PHY906 enhanced anti-tumor activity and promoted intestinal cell regeneration.
Researchers at Yale University discovered a functioning genetic remnant from a time before DNA existed in the stomach bacterium Clostridium difficile. This ancient RNA complex plays a critical role in infecting human cells and regulating gene expression, challenging scientists' understanding of life's origins.
A team of Yale University geologists discovered that Gondwana underwent a massive 60-degree rotational shift during the Early Cambrian period, with some regions moving at speeds of up to 16 cm/year. This rapid rotation had significant consequences for environmental conditions and the Cambrian explosion of animal life.
Researchers at Yale University have developed a new method to visualize and analyze the mechanical stress that causes coatings to peel. This discovery has broad applications in physical and biological sciences, as coatings protect almost every surface.
A new study by Yale University researcher Hedy Kober shows that smokers can control their cravings with the help of cognitive strategies, increasing activity in the prefrontal cortex and decreasing craving-related brain activity. Cognitive behavioral therapy has been shown to be an effective tool in treating substance use disorders.
A study by Yale researchers found that a high-fat diet influences the brain's development, making some individuals more prone to obesity and others resistant. The study suggests that genetic and environmental factors, particularly maternal impact on the developing brain, play a critical role in determining vulnerability to obesity.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a genetic marker that can help predict ovarian cancer risk. The KRAS-variant was found in 25% of all ovarian cancer patients and 61% of those with a family history of breast and ovarian cancer, suggesting it may be a new marker for high-risk families.
A new dinosaur species with a heart-shaped frill has been discovered in Canada's Alberta and Saskatchewan provinces, named Mojoceratops perifania. The species is related to Triceratops but appeared 10 million years earlier, survived for only one million years.
A Yale University-led team of scientists has made an important breakthrough in regenerating fully functional lung tissue that can exchange gas. The researchers successfully implanted cultured lung cells into rats, which efficiently exchanged oxygen and carbon dioxide, mimicking the natural lungs' function.
Scientists at Yale University have developed a method to create high-resolution 3D models of intact mouse organs, allowing for non-invasive imaging and analysis. This breakthrough uses fluorescence microscopy and optical clearing to image tissues up to depths of over two millimeters, enabling the creation of virtual 3D biopsies.
A Yale-led team of psychologists found that physical sensations can shape our thoughts and perceptions, leading to different behaviors towards others. The study demonstrated how dramatic the impact of touch can be on our interactions with job applicants, relationships, and negotiations.
Researchers found tooth marks on bones from large dinosaurs and a small marsupial, dated around 75 million years ago. The marks were likely made by ancient mammals, such as multituberculates, which gnawed on the bones for minerals.
A new study has identified multiple rare genes involved in regulating central nervous system processes, shedding light on the genetic causes of autism spectrum disorders. The research may lead to innovative treatments and a better understanding of the disorder.
Researchers at Yale University found that prenatal exposure to BPA and DES can increase an offspring's risk of breast cancer. The chemicals, known as endocrine disruptors, alter gene expression in the breast throughout life, leading to a higher risk of breast cancer in adults.
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have developed a method to select sperm with the highest DNA integrity, comparable to the egg's natural selection abilities. The test identified a biochemical marker that allows clinicians to choose the best sperm for fertilization, improving male fertility rates.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a novel protein called Preimplantation Factor, which is crucial for successful pregnancy. The protein modulates maternal immunity and promotes early embryo attachment, influencing uterine cell remodeling.
Paleontologists discovered over 1,500 exceptionally preserved soft-bodied fossils from the Ordovician period, expanding our understanding of sea creatures and ecosystems. The finds upend a long-held belief that Burgess Shale-type faunas disappeared at the end of the Middle Cambrian epoch.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered that endometrial stem cells can repair brain cells damaged by Parkinson's disease, potentially treating women with the condition. The study, published in Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, found that these stem cells can differentiate into dopamine-producing nerve cells.
Researchers identified a rare mutation in a gene required for histamine production, which could lead to the development of new treatments for tics and Tourette syndrome. The study found that increasing brain histamine reverses repetitive behaviors similar to human tics.
A new study by Yale researchers suggests that depression among economically disadvantaged mothers can persist beyond the postpartum period and may be treated with brief therapy. The study found that symptoms improved significantly in women who received cognitive behavioral therapy.
Researchers found that microbes become less efficient in converting carbon into CO2, leading to decreased carbon dioxide emissions from soils. As warmer temperatures persist, microbes decrease in number and eventually result in fewer emissions.
Researchers at Yale University found that carbon nanotubes cause T cell antigens to cluster in high concentrations, stimulating the body's natural immune response. This breakthrough could improve current adoptive immunotherapy for cancer treatment by increasing T cell proliferation.
Paleontologists have discovered a new bony-skulled dinosaur species, Texacephale langstoni, in Big Bend National Park, Texas. The plant-eating dinosaur lived 70-80 million years ago and had a distinctive solid bone lump on its skull.
A Yale-led team has discovered three new genetic factors that significantly increase the risk of developing brain aneurysms. The study analyzed over 20,000 subjects and found that individuals carrying these variants are up to seven times more likely to suffer an aneurysm than those with no risk factors.