Articles tagged with Human Biology
A national study in Australia aims to understand the genetic cause of rare diseases, improving diagnoses and treatment options for those affected. The study is recruiting Australians with a known or suspected rare genetic disease to gather information and connect them with future research opportunities.
A study of European jackdaws reveals that sleep-deprived birds prioritize deep sleep over vigilant wakefulness. The findings suggest that even flexible sleep strategies have limits, highlighting the importance of understanding animal sleep patterns to better comprehend human sleep loss.
A study found that agricultural antifungals, like TBZ, can cause genomic changes in the infectious yeast Candida tropicalis, increasing its resistance. This increase in resistance poses a growing concern for human infections, as many pathogens are becoming resistant to antifungal medicines.
William Murphy, a genomicist at Texas A&M University, was named the 2025 SEC Professor of the Year. He studies genome structure, function and evolution to understand genetic basis of species traits and diseases.
Researchers have identified a novel mechanism of intercellular communication involving mRNA transfer between different types of stem cells. This phenomenon enables cell fate conversion and reverts human pluripotent stem cells to an earlier embryonic stage.
A study found that mice exposed to microgravity for 37 days experienced significant bone loss, especially in weight-bearing bones. This research may inform human acclimation strategies for spaceflight.
The National Initiative for RNA Biology and Its Applications (NIRBA) aims to strengthen Singapore's RNA research capabilities, focusing on human health and diverse applications. The program will integrate leading institutions and promote interdisciplinary collaborations to achieve groundbreaking scientific discoveries.
A team of biologists has discovered an ancient neurohormone called bombesin that controls appetite in humans and other vertebrates. The study also found that bombesin-like neurohormones are present in starfish, revealing a common ancestor of appetite regulation dating back over half a billion years.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System have developed a computational tool called LogiRx that can predict how drugs will affect biological processes in the body. The tool has demonstrated its potential by identifying a promising candidate to prevent heart failure, a leading cause of death worldwide.
Scientists developed a novel solvatochromic fluorescent dye that enables high-precision temperature measurements through changes in fluorescence properties. The researchers achieved exceptional sensitivity and resolution, ideal for bioimaging applications.
Researchers have discovered a common gene linked to human kidney disease is also present in sea anemones, allowing their hair cells to detect water movement. This finding suggests an evolutionarily ancient role for the gene in sensing fluid movement, predating the common ancestor of mammals and sea anemones.
A new enzyme discovered in a gut bacterium has the potential to synthesize unique glycans with prebiotic properties, supporting gut health. The novel β-galactosidase could drive innovation in prebiotic products and contribute to developing new treatments for diseases like Chagas disease.
A study of nearly 900 postmenopausal women found an association between perimenopausal symptom burden and later cognitive function and behavioral impairment. Women with higher menopausal symptom burdens were more likely to experience poorer cognitive function and mild behavioral impairments, both markers of dementia.
The Gene Ontology Consortium has published a new resource of human gene functions, combining experimental data with evolutionary modeling. The PAN-GO functionome lists known functions of over 20,000 genes, providing a complete and accurate picture of gene function.
Researchers discovered synovial joints in ancient fish lineages, suggesting these features first evolved in jawed vertebrates. The study's findings shed light on the origins of humans' flexible joints and provide critical information for research into vertebrate skeletal architecture.
Researchers explore cognitive foundations of cross-species social behavior using octopus and reef fish as examples. These alliances challenge traditional views of intelligence and cooperation in the animal kingdom.
Researchers discovered a common cognitive feedback loop used by Buddhist jhāna meditation and Christian speaking in tongues practices to achieve profound focus and joy. This 'Attention, Arousal and Release Spiral' offers insights into cultivating deep states of tranquility and bliss.
Researchers discovered a novel mechanism of intercellular communication through mRNA transfer between stem cells, allowing for biologically significant effects such as cell fate conversion and pluripotent state maintenance.
Researchers have successfully modeled a treatment-resistant form of asthma in mice, shedding light on the role of CD4+T resident memory cells and MHC-II molecules in lung inflammation. The study's findings may lead to new treatments for this severe and debilitating condition.
A new computer vision framework, YOLO-Behavior, automatically identifies animal behaviors from videos, overcoming manual annotation limitations. The method has been applied to various study systems, doubling available data for parental care behavior and enabling rapid analysis of cooperative behavior.
A study found that DNA methylation clocks used in forensic science and epigenetics are less reliable when applied to non-blood tissues, such as lungs, colon, and kidneys. The researchers suggest that organ-specific epigenetic clocks may be needed to improve biological age prediction.
A groundbreaking study analyzed data from over 78,000 cancer patients to identify nearly 800 genetic changes impacting survival outcomes. The research also discovered genes significantly associated with survival in various cancers, such as breast, ovarian, skin, and gastrointestinal cancers.
A recent study found that cold temperatures allow the bird pink eye pathogen to survive on bird feeders for up to seven days, causing more severe disease in birds compared to warmer temperatures. Regular cleaning of feeder surfaces with bleach can help mitigate the spread of the disease.
Researchers tracked 131 juvenile sea turtles and found they may be active swimmers during their early life stage, challenging existing hypotheses. The study provides important data for assessing risks from human activity and informing conservation efforts.
Researchers at TUM found that cystic fibrosis causes changes in the immune system as early as birth, leading to frequent inflammation and infections. These changes are not affected by CFTR modulator therapies.
A new study from Penn State finds that oral tissue samples significantly affect epigenetic clock accuracy, leading to older age estimates. Researchers tested five tissue types and seven epigenetic clocks, concluding that blood-based samples are more accurate in measuring biological age.
Researchers at the University of Maryland discovered multiple pathways for dsRNA molecules to enter cells, challenging previous assumptions about RNA transport. They found that a protein called SID-1 plays a key role in regulating genes across generations, which could lead to better targeted treatments for human diseases.
Neuromorphic computing is poised to emerge into full-scale commercial use, driven by the need for energy-efficient solutions. The review article proposes strategies for building large-scale neuromorphic systems that can tackle complex real-world challenges.
A team of researchers from Penn State and the University of California, Irvine, have proposed a novel theory on the molecular basis underlying human scalp hair growth. They suggest that long scalp hair initially evolved to protect early human ancestors in equatorial Africa from intense heat and solar radiation.
Antonio Bicchi's IIT-led project VSoftPro aims to create a transhumeral prosthesis with user-controlled stiffness and passive adaptability. The goal is to replicate the natural appearance and functionality of a human arm, enhancing safe and natural interactions.
A new longitudinal study has provided unprecedented insights into human papillomavirus (HPV) infection dynamics. The study found that non-persistent infections exhibit a plateau in viral load before rapidly declining, while chronic infections show a strong correlation between immune cells and virus production. This research could infor...
The Global Conference on Gerophysics aims to bridge statistical mechanics, complex systems theory, and dynamical modeling with biological mechanisms of aging. The conference will bring together leading scientists to promote healthy longevity and reshape our understanding of the aging process.
Scientists from Gladstone Institutes developed a new method called RASAM, which made a surprising discovery that large sections of newly formed DNA are hyperaccessible for many hours. This finding holds important implications for basic understanding of biology and the development of new medicines.
A pilot study found that qigong significantly decreases chronic low back pain in US military veterans, improving physical function and reducing sleep disturbance. The holistic practice also showed positive effects on PTSD, depression, anxiety, and social roles, highlighting its potential as a nonpharmacological treatment option.
Researchers discover immune cells regulate blood sugar levels by stimulating glucagon production in the pancreas. This complex neuroimmune-hormonal circuit reveals a new way the body maintains stable glucose levels, especially during periods of low energy.
A multidisciplinary team led by the Wyss Institute aims to create novel anesthesia-inducing drugs that can safely induce an anesthesia-like state without compromising vital functions. The project leverages expertise from Harvard's MCB, MIT, and Tufts University to develop safe battlefield-ready anesthetics.
Research led by University of Pittsburgh scientists found that exposure to long-wavelength red light reduces blood clots in humans and mice. The study's findings have the potential to reduce deaths and disabilities caused by blood clots worldwide.
A multidisciplinary team of researchers will investigate how animals detect magnetic fields, building on existing knowledge that a blue-light sensing protein called Cryptochrome plays a key role. The study's findings may lead to the development of non-invasive measurement tools and magnetic cell therapies.
Researchers propose using Exo-AUVs to detect life on Icy Worlds like Europa by identifying micro-zones with high biological potential. The strategy guides the Exo-AUV to collect diverse robust biosignatures and potentially detect extant life in various dimensions.
Researchers found significant functional variations between rodent and human PD-1 due to evolutionary divergence. The study reveals a unique motif present in most mammals but missing in rodents, leading to uniquely weaker rodent PD-1.
Researchers have created a new circuit model that accounts for small changes to the sensor's behavior, allowing it to detect protein or DNA molecules from a sample. The device could lead to earlier diagnosis of diseases and more precise therapies tailored to each patient.
Researchers developed a new tool to measure biological aging in individual cell types, providing insights into diseases like Alzheimer's and liver pathologies. The study found that certain brain cells and liver cells show signs of accelerated aging, making it a better tool for detecting diseases.
A study led by Henry J. Pownall and Khurram Nasir found a strong link between the amount of free cholesterol in HDL and its accumulation in macrophages, which can contribute to heart disease. The researchers aim to develop new diagnostics and treatments for managing heart disease using HDL-free cholesterol as a biomarker.
The five-year national research study will examine the effectiveness of medically tailored meals in reducing gestational diabetes and Type 2 diabetes prevalence among pregnant and postpartum women from historically marginalized communities. Nearly 1,000 participants will be assessed for maternal health outcomes.
Researchers identified genes that impact tooth development and variation among ethnic groups. They found associations with tooth dimensions on genes inherited from Neanderthals and other genetic variants.
A team of researchers proposes creating an AI virtual cell to model human biomolecules, cells, and tissues. The virtual cell would allow scientists to experiment in silico, accelerating personalized medicine and disease research.
A study by Tulane University researchers found that tumors in female fruit flies grew 2.5 times larger than those in male fruit flies due to sex-based differences in immune response. The stronger innate immune response in females accelerated tumor growth.
The Pew Charitable Trusts has funded eight teams of researchers to conduct interdisciplinary biomedical research projects. These partnerships aim to advance scientific discovery and improve human health by combining expertise in cell biology, immunology, neuroscience, and genetics.
Scientists at VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center have discovered a new genetic code that recruits and deploys tumor cells to invade healthy organs. This breakthrough could offer groundbreaking insight into new treatment strategies targeting tumor growth in its earliest stages.
Three Texas A&M biologists have received NIH Maximizing Investigators’ Research Awards to support their research on type IV pili, darter fish social behaviors and bacteriophages. Drs Koch, Moran and Ramsey will explore bacterial behavior, genetic mechanisms and neural basis of paternal care in fish.
A study found that conflict-reducing practices in teaching evolution increased acceptance among college students. Emphasizing compatibility between evolution and religion was particularly effective for highly religious Christian students. The study suggests that instructors can play a key role in bridging the divide by adopting strateg...
Researchers found that female locust's digging valves wear down significantly despite being used only 3-4 times in a lifetime. The study demonstrates the 'good enough' principle in evolution, where extra resources are not invested in organs with specific purposes performed adequately.
Researchers have developed an artificial adhesion system that closely mimics natural biological interactions, enabling precise control over its strength under varying forces. The innovative 'fish-hook' bond has vast potential in materials science and medicine, inspiring responsive materials and force-sensitive drug delivery systems.
A team of researchers from the University of Tokyo proposes a new mathematical definition of cell death based on enzymatic reactions and thermodynamics. This definition enables the development of computational methods to quantify the life-death boundary, which could lead to better understanding and control of cellular processes.
A new study led by Griffith University researchers found that increasing physical activity could add up to five years to an individual's life, with the most active quarter having a 73% lower risk of death. Even modest increases in movement could lead to significant life-extension benefits.
A new study by Swansea University researchers found a relationship between high alcohol consumption and long ring fingers compared to index fingers. The study used a sample of 258 university students and revealed that high prenatal testosterone relative to oestrogen is linked to high alcohol consumption in men, but not women.
Researchers have discovered a critical component in the development of neural cells, revealing its role in maintaining cellular identity and early neural fate commitment. This finding provides valuable insights into neurodevelopmental syndromes and suggests new potential solutions.
The Human Cell Atlas has made significant progress in mapping individual adult tissues, developing gut cell types for ulcerative colitis research, and creating comprehensive reference maps of all human cells. The initiative aims to capture all aspects of human diversity, including genetic, geographic, age, and sex, to advance diagnosti...
This systematic review analyzes 33 biological clocks used for aging and mortality quantification, categorizing them into epigenetic and phenotypic clocks. Epigenetic clocks demonstrate precision in estimating chronological age through DNA methylation, while phenotypic clocks predict mortality using easily measurable clinical variables.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have developed a new CRISPR-based system to label small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) with RNA barcodes, enabling comprehensive analysis of their biogenesis and release regulators. This system allows for the simultaneous study of thousands of genes and estimation of sEV release from host cells.