Articles tagged with Human Biology
Stuart Gansky, a University of California, San Francisco researcher, has received the AADOCR Irwin D. Mandel Distinguished Mentoring Award. He was recognized for his outstanding mentorship efforts in fostering academic and professional growth among students and junior faculty.
Researchers propose a new framework for understanding microbiome health, focusing on the system's ability to reorganize in response to changing conditions. This shift helps explain inconsistent results of microbiome-based treatments, highlighting the importance of functional dynamics over static composition.
Nasir Bashir, a researcher from the University of Cambridge, has been awarded the 2026 IADR John Clarkson Fellowship. He will receive funding for training and experience in dental public health at a center of excellence.
Donald Chi, a professor at the University of Washington, has been recognized for his groundbreaking research on fluoride treatments and its impact on children's oral health. He is being awarded the 2026 IADR E.W. Borrow Memorial Award for his work in caries prevention.
Researchers at Cornell University have made a breakthrough in developing a safe and reversible male contraceptive. By targeting meiosis with the small molecule inhibitor JQ1, they successfully stopped sperm production without affecting fertility or offspring health. The study shows promise for a non-hormonal, long-acting, and 100% effe...
Rep. Debbie Dingell received the 2026 AADOCR Honorary Membership for her dedication to improving access to quality oral health care, particularly for underserved communities. She championed initiatives to increase the oral health workforce and invest in research for prevention and disease management.
Hiroshi Ogawa, Head of Preventive Dentistry at Niigata University, received the 2026 IADR Distinguished Service Award. He has contributed significantly to global oral health initiatives and served on various IADR committees.
Xuesong He, a professor at ADA Forsyth, has been recognized with the 2026 IADR Distinguished Scientist Award for his groundbreaking research in oral biology. His work has greatly advanced our understanding of microbial ecology in the human mouth and its connections to various diseases.
Falk Schwendicke, a renowned researcher, has been awarded the 2026 IADR Distinguished Scientist William H. Bowen Research in Dental Caries Award for his groundbreaking work on caries detection and management. His research, including AI-assisted caries detection, has set new standards for clinical research in this field.
Pekka Vallittu, a renowned expert in biomaterials, has been recognized for his outstanding contributions to dental health. He is the first from Finland to receive this prestigious award, which acknowledges his groundbreaking work on biocomposites and bioactive materials.
Mary C. Farach-Carson, an internationally recognized leader in extracellular matrix biology and salivary tissue engineering, has been awarded the IADR Distinguished Scientist Award. Her research reveals key functions of ECM components in organizing stem/progenitor cell microstructures and guiding cell migration.
Mario Brondani, Associate Professor at UBC, has been recognized with the 2026 IADR Distinguished Scientist Award in Geriatric Oral Research. He is being honored for his extensive research experience and contributions to the field of dental geriatrics.
The University of Cincinnati has opened a zebrafish research facility to investigate the effects of environmental contaminants on human fertility. The lab will use zebrafish as a model organism to understand molecular mechanisms behind reproductive biology and infertility.
Brian Foster, Associate Professor at The Ohio State University, has been recognized for his work on biological mineralization. He is the recipient of the IADR Distinguished Scientist Award, supported by Unilever Oral Care, for his contributions to cementum and biomineralization research.
David Conway, Professor of Dental Public Health at the University of Glasgow, has been recognized for his research on socioeconomic inequalities in health and oral health, particularly head and neck cancer and child oral health. His work has attracted significant funding and informed public health policies globally.
Joy Richman, a renowned researcher at the University of British Columbia, has been recognized for her groundbreaking contributions to craniofacial biology research. Her work focuses on tooth development and regeneration, with notable findings using chicken and reptile models.
Finbarr Allen recognized for outstanding contributions to behavioral science and health services research in dentistry. He has published over 200 peer-reviewed papers and developed innovative methods for interpreting quality of life data.
Maobin Yang has been recognized for his outstanding contributions to the field of regenerative endodontics, integrating stem cell biology and biomaterials science. His research program has secured over $700,000 in competitive funding, with support from top organizations.
A Cochrane review found that chlorhexidine application to umbilical cord stumps likely reduces infections by 29% and may lower mortality rates, particularly in LMICs. Umbilical cord care is crucial for preventing infection and promoting healthy healing.
Researchers found that exercise and aggressive cardiovascular risk reduction improved heart health, but did not produce measurable cognitive benefits over two years in older adults at risk for Alzheimer's disease. The study highlights a critical gap between vascular risk reduction and brain health.
Researchers found that people following a Mediterranean-style diet have higher levels of humanin and SHMOOSE, which are linked to protection against cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration. The study suggests that specific components of the Mediterranean diet may directly influence mitochondrial biology.
Researchers from the University of Kansas used motion capture technology to analyze shooting mechanics, finding that greater flexibility in the preparatory phase is crucial for accuracy. The study's findings will be used to attempt a new world record for most consecutive made three-point shots.
The Alliance trial explores the combination of zanubrutinib and sonrotoclax for CLL treatment, aiming to send cancer into remission and allow patients to stop treatment earlier. The study has the potential to be life-changing for patients and their families, reducing the burden of ongoing therapy and improving quality of life.
Researchers developed a fast, non-invasive, and affordable diagnostic tool using retinal images to differentiate between ALS and Alzheimer's disease. The tool, based on polarized light analysis, accurately predicted disease severity and type with high accuracy.
A study from Tulane University found that consuming more ultra-processed foods is linked to lower bone mineral density and a higher risk of hip fractures. The study involved over 160,000 participants and found that even small increases in ultra-processed food intake can increase the risk of hip fractures.
Researchers at Goethe University are developing non-hormonal contraceptives to address declining pill use and side effects. The PREVENT project aims to create safe and effective alternatives, focusing on small molecules that block proteins in sperm or egg cells.
Researchers identified molecular defect in taste receptor cells due to reduced levels of PLCβ2 protein, which strengthens the signal before transmission to the brain. Taste cells that detect salty and sour flavors are less affected.
A study published in PLOS One found that fetuses who yawned more frequently during pregnancy had a lower birth weight, suggesting mild fetal distress. The research observed healthy fetuses between 23-31 weeks and recorded their yawning behavior using ultrasound.
A new study from Duke University Medical Center suggests that a simple blood test can accurately predict short-term survival in older adults by detecting specific piRNA molecules. Lower levels of these molecules are linked to longer survival, echoing patterns seen in simple organisms where reducing them can extend lifespan.
Researchers create detailed 3D reconstructions of human liver tissue, comparing healthy and cirrhotic livers, showing dysregulation of metabolite transport, reduced specialized cells, and disruption of vascular networks. The study highlights the importance of understanding organ structure for bioprinting artificial organs.
A group of nerve cells in the brainstem has been identified as a stabilizing system for blood pressure, preventing fluctuations between daily activities. The study suggests that loss or dysfunction of these cells can lead to unstable blood pressure and is associated with conditions such as multiple system atrophy.
A yeast enzyme, Sc URA, has been found to sustain nucleotide synthesis independently of mitochondrial respiration in human cells. This discovery opens up new possibilities for treating mitochondrial diseases with no cure, and could provide a valuable experimental tool for understanding rare diseases and cancer.
A new global study finds that physical inactivity is a significant driver of diabetes complications, with up to 10% of cases potentially preventable. The research emphasizes the need for tailored approaches to promote physical activity among people with diabetes, particularly addressing social and gender inequalities.
Blautia luti produces formic acid as an electron taxi, bypassing the energetically costly production of hydrogen. The bacterium detoxifies formic acid via a special metabolic pathway, linked to sugar breakdown and acetic acid production.
A new study from Cornell University suggests that choline, a nutrient often consumed too little during pregnancy, may play an underappreciated role in regulating inflammation. Higher recent dietary choline intake was associated with lower levels of inflammation in the third trimester.
The study validates the use of SOFA-2 in sepsis care and research, demonstrating its ability to identify clinically meaningful organ dysfunction. The findings suggest that incorporating immune markers may not improve predictive performance, highlighting the biological complexity of sepsis.
Researchers from the University of Kansas discovered that taller, leaner athletes with improved jumping ability generate faster club head speeds. The study developed golf-specific load velocity profiles to help athletes and coaches develop plans for improvement, focusing on exercises like squats and building lean mass.
A new review of over 100 clinical trials found that 13 common labor induction methods are similarly effective, with low-dose vaginal misoprostol being the most commonly used and safest. However, some methods showed better success rates for specific outcomes, such as oxytocin with amniotomy for achieving vaginal birth within 24 hours.
A new study published in Environmental Science & Technology found that exposure to wildfire smoke during the third trimester may raise the risk of autism diagnoses in children. Mothers who were exposed to more than 10 days of wildfire smoke had a 23% higher risk of their child being diagnosed with autism by age 5.
A new study found that shingles vaccination is associated with lower inflammation, slower epigenetic aging, and overall slower biological aging in older adults. Vaccination showed benefits even four years after the initial dose.
A recent Buck Institute study revealed that spaceflight accelerates aging due to changes in immune cell composition and epigenetic markers. However, researchers also found evidence of intrinsic rejuvenation factors that can counteract these age-accelerating stressors.
Researchers identified cilia-mediated Hedgehog signaling as a key regulator of tooth development. The study found that disrupting Cilk1 levels can lead to stepwise changes in tooth formation and morphology, including extra teeth or fused molars. This discovery may support earlier diagnosis for children with ciliopathies.
Researchers have identified an effective strategy to reduce structural liver damage and improve hepatic vascular function in cirrhosis. Blocking the PAF-R receptor can help rebalance immune and inflammatory responses within the liver.
A new study found menopause symptoms are frequently reported by female endurance athletes, with 88% experiencing sleep problems and 83% feeling physical and mental exhaustion. These symptoms negatively affect training and performance, particularly musculoskeletal changes and quality of life.
Researchers from MIT and Broad Institute develop temporary 'factory' in the liver to generate T-cell-stimulating signals, boosting immune response to vaccination and cancer immunotherapy treatments. Aged mice showed significant increases in T cell population size and function after treatment.
A study analyzed large-scale human ChIP-seq data to identify unmeasured transcription factor-tissue/cell type pairs, revealing significant gaps in current knowledge. These findings indicate that essential regulatory mechanisms may have been overlooked, emphasizing the need for strategic prioritization of measurement targets.
A study found that only 6% of FDA-approved drugs reflect the US racial and ethnic makeup, with a decline in Black and Hispanic enrollment between 2021 and 2023. The researchers recommend setting diversity goals at preclinical stages and collecting biological samples to understand how people's bodies react to medications.
A new study found that maternal psychological distress experienced at 1 year postpartum has a stronger association with neurodevelopmental delay in toddlers compared to prenatal distress. The researchers also discovered that experiencing distress during both pregnancy and postpartum periods further amplifies the risk of delays.
Scientists have created a complex tissue model of human bone marrow using only human cells, replicating the cellular complexity of the body's 'blood factory'. This breakthrough reduces the need for animal experiments in blood cancer research and potentially enables personalized therapies.
A study by Aston University academics found that while access to antiseizure medication is expanding globally, it's not always prescribed safely. Valproate, widely used, poses significant risks during pregnancy, including birth defects and neurodevelopmental problems.
Researchers analyzed carotid plaque samples from 75 Chinese and 111 US patients, revealing distinct differences in plaque morphology, size, and composition. The study highlights the importance of understanding population-specific variations to develop personalized treatment approaches for cerebrovascular events.
The study found that having no biological offspring was linked to a higher risk of schizophrenia in both men and women. Having more than one offspring compared to one was associated with disease risks across multiple systems. Each additional offspring reduced mental and behavioral disorders by 7% and breast cancer risk by 18% for women.
A global review of 71 studies found that short-term fasting has no meaningful difference in mental performance for most adults. However, children and adolescents performed poorly, emphasizing the importance of breakfast before school. Fasting also impaired tasks involving food-related cues.
Six scientists have received AFAR Grants for Junior Faculty, totaling up to $150,000 each, to conduct research on the biology of aging. The program aims to develop careers in aging research and explores a range of topics related to healthy aging.
A recent study from Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences uses wearable sensor technology and machine learning to estimate ground-reaction forces in runners. This data can provide insights into performance and injury, enabling the development of devices that deliver real-time feedback to users.
Dr. Dheeraj Roy, Assistant Professor at University at Buffalo, received the 2025 Sagol Network GerOmic Award for Junior Faculty to conduct aging-related Omics research. His project aims to identify cell types linked to age-related cognitive decline and develop treatments.
A new study published in PNAS found that physical activity increases total daily energy expenditure without reducing it elsewhere. The research showed a clear link between being more active and spending less time sitting still.
Researchers found that even extreme athletes cannot surpass an average metabolic ceiling of 2.5 times their basal metabolic rate in energy expenditure. The study tracked ultra-runners and cyclists, finding that while they can burn six to seven times their BMR during multi-day races, longer periods see a return to the predicted ceiling.
A new study from the University of Kansas found that football practices can be up to 40% more physically demanding than games, with defensive backs running farther distances. The research used GPS technology to measure training loads and provide insights for coaches and trainers to design optimal practice schedules.
A Kinsey Institute study found that gaps in sex education can have lasting impacts on adult relationships, including relationship struggles, lack of confidence, and reduced quality of life. Most participants learned only a few topics in school, with many lacking information on healthy relationships, consent, and communication.