A study of 6 million women found that stopping menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) leads to a higher risk of bone fractures, particularly in the first three years. The fracture risk then decreases over time and becomes similar to that of women who never used MHT.
Researchers have identified a novel diagnostic tool that can predict patient outcomes for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The LIMA1-alpha protein reliably identifies patients who can be cured with surgery alone, avoiding unnecessary oncological treatments.
Researchers found that map-making brain cells in the hippocampus are activated differently even when navigating a static environment, shedding light on how the brain processes spatial memories. The study's findings could have profound implications for understanding memory, learning, and aging.
Researchers summarize decades of work repositioning cachexia from a localized metabolic disturbance to a cancer-driven, multi-organ pathology. Key findings include the overactivation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and enhanced lipolysis mediated by two key lipases.
Researchers evaluated nine commercially available demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides on annual bluegrass and creeping bentgrass fairways. The study found that two fungicides caused injury to annual bluegrass but not creeping bentgrass, while another fungicide resulted in the lowest injury on both species.
A specific 'anti-reward' brain circuit becomes hyperactive during cocaine withdrawal, driving discomfort and pushing users back toward the drug. However, this circuit may also serve as a protective mechanism, potentially helping to develop new therapies targeting emotional pain of withdrawal.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute have identified a new way to treat Cryptosporidium, a parasite that causes severe diarrhoea. They found that shutting down the parasite's metabolic pathways may offer a new treatment option without developing drug resistance.
A recent study of a Czech dating app analyzed heterosexual users and found that men pursue more desirable women, while mutual matches occur between those with similar desirability levels. This pattern is largely due to rejection by less desirable counterparts rather than an initial preference for similarity.
A large international real-world data study found that antidepressant use does not significantly increase the risk of manic episodes in patients with bipolar depression. The study analyzed data from 122,843 outpatients and employed propensity score matching to control for confounding factors.
A study analyzing data from 2002 to 2022 found a 50% decline in economic gains from fishing due to the introduction of exotic species. The size of native fish decreased, while invasive species increased in body size and abundance.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University's Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute have developed a multi-sensor biologging tag on the whitespotted eagle ray, enabling long attachment times and detailed data collection. The study provides insights into the rays' behavior, habitat use, and social interactions.
A study of 175 female perpetrators of lethal violence in Sweden found that they usually act under high arousal due to reactive motives. Women with severe mental disorders had a slightly longer time thinking about acting violently, but no lengthy preparations were made.
Researchers have discovered that applying a beneficial fungus to soil leads to wheat accumulating more bioavailable zinc and iron. The fungus inoculation did not affect grain phytate content, resulting in greater estimated bioavailability of micronutrients.
The American Geriatrics Society has released an updated list of alternative treatments for potentially inappropriate medications in older adults, providing safer and more effective options. The list reflects the needs of clinicians and is designed to support safer prescribing practices.
Scientists discovered a precise communication system in the gut, where telocytes deliver signals directly to intestinal stem cells using fine extensions. This finding challenges long-standing assumptions about gut healing and repair, potentially leading to better treatments for conditions like IBD and colon cancer.
A new study has developed a novel tool to assess the impact of parasites on horse skin and coat conditions. Horses with higher parasitic loads were found to have worse coat conditions, which can provide insights into parasite management.
Elevated lipoprotein(a) is an independent genetic risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Community health centers participating in the Lp(a) Discovery Project and Community Health Centers Discovery Project have successfully added new screening processes, increasing testing at sites.
Researchers develop novel approach to manipulate nucleolus structure by altering rRNA sequence, revealing dynamic RNA-programmed organelle. This breakthrough enables design and manipulation of entire organelles, bridging atomic structure and cellular organization.
Researchers identified a key neural switch that controls instinctive behaviors, fine-tuning the brain for survival based on environment. By comparing two deer-mouse species, they found a hypersensitive response in mice living in densely vegetated environments.
A combination of technological interventions is required to prevent children from dying in overheated cars, according to a new study. The researchers identified exemplar scenarios that led to pediatric vehicular heatstroke and found that no single technology can prevent all cases.
A recent study has expanded the human genome's catalogue of large genetic variation, discovering over 167,000 structural variants across 1,019 individuals from 26 populations. The findings have improved the accuracy of genetic diagnoses for rare diseases and cancers.
Researchers adapted optical coherence tomography (OCT) to visualize tiny structures in the human inner ear, correlating fluid levels with a patient's degree of hearing loss. The findings may help clinicians diagnose and treat hearing loss more quickly and effectively.
A new theory proposes that hydrocarbons form through multi-spheric interactions, driven by material and energy exchanges across the Earth's spheres. This study integrates multiple perspectives to understand the mechanisms of hydrocarbon formation and enrichment.
A research team in South Korea has developed a new transfer printing technology that forms protective thin layers on lithium metal surfaces, overcoming the limitations of wet processes. The hybrid protective layers suppress dendrite growth and maintain stable cycling performance, enabling high-energy-density lithium-metal batteries.
Researchers developed a new testing method to assess floor slipperiness caused by dry contaminants, revealing particles like salt and flour can be just as dangerous as oil or water. The study found that even sparse layers of salt can reduce friction by up to 28%, making tile far slicker than permitted safety thresholds.
A recent study published in PLOS One found that European peatlands require warm temperatures and a specific water table depth to accumulate plant matter and store carbon. The study suggests that maintaining a water table around 10 centimeters below the surface is key to allowing peat to grow quickly and store carbon over the long term.
The discovery of Palaeocampa anthrax, an armored freshwater lobopodian, reveals new insights into early animal evolution and the diversity of ancient ecosystems. The fossil's analysis confirms its status as a nonmarine species, predating previously known marine lobopodians by nearly fifty years.
Researchers report a new class of drugs, called RNA interference therapeutics, that represent a major advancement in treating chronic HBV infections. These drugs can silence the virus and help reinvigorate the immune response, bringing us closer to a functional cure.
Scientists have released high-resolution maps revealing 90% of mycorrhizal fungal biodiversity hotspots outside protected areas, posing a threat to carbon drawdown and ecosystem resilience. The research highlights the critical role of mycorrhizal fungi in regulating Earth's climate and ecosystems.
Airovation Technologies won the prestigious Asper Prize for innovative startup solutions, securing a NIS 100,000 award. The company's ventures focus on real-world challenges, such as gut health and carbon capture, demonstrating purpose-driven innovation.
Researchers found that heat-stressed Nagina 22 exhibit dramatic genome-wide DNA demethylation, particularly CHH demethylation, which upregulates JAZ genes. This epigenetic regulation helps the rice cultivar better adapt to high-temperature stress.
Scientists create a new class of mechanochromic mechanophores that can detect and respond to mechanical stress in polymeric materials through fluorescence. The developed molecule exhibits excellent stress-sensing with high durability, offering a powerful tool for real-time monitoring of mechanical damage.
A research team at KAIST has developed a new catalyst for reducing air pollution by utilizing platinum diselenide, a two-dimensional material. The catalyst exhibits superior carbon monoxide oxidation performance across the entire temperature range compared to conventional platinum thin films.
Researchers successfully used seismic signals to detect the re-entry of a Hayabusa2 sample capsule and compare it with signals from natural meteoroids. The study found that intact objects had a distinct seismic signature compared to fragmented ones, providing valuable information on planetary defense strategies.
A wearable sensor could revolutionize lithium monitoring for people with bipolar disorder by tracking medication levels through sweat. The USC-made device, which is the first of its kind, eliminates the need for blood draws and offers a personalized and easily accessible monitoring system.
Researchers created a semi-permanent tattoo sticker that can detect low concentrations of GHB within seconds. The sticker's technology is inexpensive and easy to manufacture, making it potentially commercially available soon.
A new study reveals that myosin binding protein-C (cMyBP-C) is essential for regulating cardiac muscle contraction, particularly under increased stress. The protein's absence or mutation can lead to diseases such as heart failure and hypertropic cardiomyopathy.
A groundbreaking brain imaging study confirms intranasal insulin safely reaches key memory regions in older adults with Alzheimer's. The research reveals differences in uptake among individuals with early cognitive decline, paving the way for personalized treatment approaches.
Researchers at EHU developed a portable, cost-effective system for generating high-quality platelet-rich plasma (PRP), minimizing platelet activation and preserving therapeutic efficacy. The device uses gravity sedimentation and can extract up to 300 micro-liters of PRP from 1 milliliter of blood in just 40 minutes.
The golden-shouldered parrot is abandoning areas of grassland it usually nests in due to woody plant encroachment, increasing predation risk. The study's findings highlight the importance of maintaining remnant grasslands for the conservation of grassland-dependent species.
A team at CiQUS has created a molecule that self-assembles into fibrous materials, becoming active upon stimulation by cobalt ions. The molecule selectively binds to DNA three-way junctions, opening new opportunities for spatiotemporal control in targeted anticancer therapies.
Scientists have designed a nanobody made from llama antibodies to activate a glutamate receptor involved in neural activity, improving cognitive function in mouse models of schizophrenia. Peripheral administration has shown promise as a new therapeutic strategy for treating the condition.
A study found that many UK high street health tests are unfit-for-purpose due to a lack of information on test accuracy, suitability, and follow-up actions. Experts argue that the current market fails to support informed use and calls for coherent guidance and improved regulation to protect patients and healthcare systems.
The two new studies use long-read sequencing technologies to dive deeper into structural variations across the genome. The resulting datasets constitute what may be the most complete overview of the human genome to date.
Researchers developed a CRISPR-based gene-editing system that changes a single molecule within mosquitoes, halting malaria-parasite transmission. The new system is designed to genetically spread the malaria resistance trait until entire populations of the insects no longer transfer the disease-causing parasites.
A new European study using geolocation technologies and satellite imagery found a clear link between urban conditions and increased asthma risk. The combined impact of urban environmental factors was shown to contribute to up to 11.6% of new cases, emphasizing the importance of health-focused environmental policies.
Researchers at McGill University have developed a new method to produce high-performance lithium-ion battery materials with improved consistency and scalability. The breakthrough uses disordered rock-salt cathode particles, offering a promising path toward more sustainable and cost-effective batteries.
Researchers found that households using improved cookstoves experienced reduced indoor fine particle levels, decreased respiratory symptoms, and slower declines in lung function compared to traditional cooking methods. Cleaner cooking solutions may support broader adoption in Rwanda and similar settings.
Scientists developed a diagnostic tool using functional gene ratios to assess crude oil contamination status and apparent age in soils. The novel molecular diagnostic tool offers rapid field-deployable assessment of site condition and pollution age, providing evidence-based approach for prioritizing clean-up efforts.
Researchers at Tsinghua University and other institutions have developed a breakthrough cold sintering process that uses water to densify water-insoluble Li2TiO3 ceramics at low temperatures. The process enables the production of nanoceramics with improved properties, including high hardness and electrical conductivity.
A landmark study found two distinct patterns in suicidal thoughts among youth, with early adolescence being a key predictor. Mental health symptoms like depression and anxiety are often overlooked in childhood, highlighting the need for earlier support.
Researchers in Spain and Italy design a new type of asphalt that uses recycled materials from cigarette butts to improve its crack resistance. The additive increases the material's ductility and flexibility, while also reducing manufacturing temperature and energy consumption.
A retrospective study found that older adults hospitalized with RSV experienced significantly longer hospital stays, transfers to intensive care, and 30-day mortality compared to patients with other conditions. Additionally, RSV hospitalization was associated with higher rates of heart failure and atrial fibrillation post-discharge.
A comprehensive study analyzing over 160,000 adults found that walking 7,000 steps per day is associated with reduced risks of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, dementia, depression, and falls. Even modest step counts, such as 4,000 steps per day, offer health benefits compared to low activity levels.
A world-first study has mapped the global distribution and evolutionary relationships of brittle stars, revealing their quiet migration across entire oceans over millions of years. The research highlights the interconnectedness of deep-sea communities, particularly at temperate latitudes.
The Weill Cancer Hub West will harness expertise from two world-class institutions to accelerate new discoveries and develop innovative treatments. The initiative aims to drive early detection, diagnoses, and effective treatments through data science and human cell research.
A global research team developed an AI model that can predict the death risk of hospitalized liver patients with cirrhosis, outperforming older methods. The model uses advanced machine learning tools to identify key risk factors, allowing healthcare providers to intensify care and make informed decisions.
A large clinical study found that high-tech oxygen level monitoring during heart surgery did not lower the risk of serious complications afterward. Fewer pneumonia cases were reported in patients with advanced monitoring, but this difference may have been coincidental.
A study by Harvard biologists found that two deer mouse species, one living in densely-vegetated areas and the other in open areas, have evolved distinct brain circuitry responses to aerial predators. The research revealed that the difference in escape behaviors is not just visual or peripheral, but central processing in the brain.
Researchers at UC Davis Health developed a promising gene therapy that could treat Rett syndrome by reactivating healthy but silent genes responsible for this rare disorder. The therapy showed impressive results in female mouse models of Rett syndrome, with treated mice living longer and showing better movement and cognition.