Key findings include halting food waste by 75% and restoring half of degraded lands by 2050; the authors recommend shifting agricultural subsidies towards sustainable smallholder farms and implementing land-based taxes or tariffs to reward sustainable low-impact farming.
New research confirms early human species, Homo and Australopithecus, coexisted in Ethiopia between 2.6-3.0 million years ago. The discovery fills a critical gap in the evolution puzzle, revealing that early humans did not replace other hominin species but rather overlapped with them.
Researchers at Empa successfully simulated amorphous alumina thin films using machine learning, providing insights into their atomic arrangement and properties. The breakthrough model considers hydrogen atoms and paves the way for new applications in green hydrogen production.
High humidity exacerbates extreme heat's negative impact on cardiovascular health, increasing the risk of heart-related emergencies by six times. Researchers analyzed over 340,000 emergency room visits in Dhaka, Bangladesh, finding a significant association between high heat and humidity levels.
The Menstrual Equity Summit brought together over 200 NYC teens to educate themselves on menstrual health literacy, advocacy strategies, and intersectional approaches. The event celebrated gender equity and expanded access to menstrual products, while also connecting participants with local organizations championing reproductive justice.
The Mount Sinai Hospital has launched the country's first clinical manual for treating infection-associated chronic illnesses (IACIs), a comprehensive guide for diagnosis and care. The manual covers extensive learnings from the Cohen Center and provides practical strategies for clinicians to support patients with conditions such as lon...
A novel online hidden Markov model predicts geological risks in tunnels by integrating data from borehole samples and continuous observations. This approach offers timely hazard alerts and improved predictive accuracy compared to traditional methods, making it a valuable tool for safeguard tunneling operations.
The Illinois Natural History Survey and Illinois Department of Natural Resources have updated the state's threatened and endangered plant species rankings. A total of 331 plants were reassessed, showing some improvements in their status, while others remain imperiled.
This study found a nearly two-fold higher cervical cancer incidence in counties with repeatedly low vs high cervical cancer screening coverage. The disparity was most pronounced in rural counties with lower income levels.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute successfully couple spatially separated molecules via a modified vacuum field in an optical microresonator. This breakthrough enables the creation of synthetic states of coupled molecules, with potential applications in quantum technology and information processing.
A low-cost UAV imaging technique has been developed to accurately assess wheat plant height, revealing subtle variations and stable genetic loci. This method enhances the efficiency of marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding programs, offering a scalable tool for phenotyping plant height and improving crop yields.
Researchers at King's College London discovered that keratin can repair tooth enamel and stop early stages of decay. Keratin forms a protective coating that mimics the structure and function of natural enamel.
Researchers have developed a new AI approach called HEAT-ML that accelerates calculations of magnetic shadows in fusion vessels, enabling faster design and operation. This breakthrough could lead to significant improvements in fusion power generation and potentially limitless clean energy.
A hospital imaging technique can monitor atherosclerosis by measuring cellular metabolism within arterial plaques. The study demonstrates that the FDG-PET signal reflects the metabolic activity of atherosclerotic plaques, enabling sensitive evaluation of treatment efficacy and disease progression risk.
A survey of 2,592 Hong Kong children and adolescents found a strong association between binge gaming and mental health issues. Boys were more likely than girls to report binge gaming habits, which was linked to depression, anxiety, and poor sleep.
Researchers used a fiber-optic cable to capture calving dynamics across the fjord of a South Greenland glacier, documenting a 'crazy calving multiplier effect' that accelerates glacial mass loss. The data provides a deeper look at the relationship between ice and water, shedding light on the consequences of continued mass loss.
Researchers developed a fermentation method using unripe fruit beans, producing high-quality beverages comparable to those made from ripe fruits. The process, known as self-induced anaerobic fermentation, adds value to the product while minimizing its defects, making it attractive to domestic and foreign markets.
A UCLA research team has discovered a key mechanism that allows parasitic worms to penetrate human skin and is now exploring a topical preparation to disrupt this pathway. The therapy aims to prevent infection by targeting the same molecule associated with pleasure in humans, but which drives parasite entry.
Researchers have developed a 'tap-and-go' approach using specially adapted drones to apply monitoring tags to whales. This innovative method significantly speeds up the process while minimizing human interaction with the animals.
A new study by Tel Aviv University reveals that repeated exposure to an image, whether authentic or AI-generated, boosts its perceived credibility. This 'mere exposure effect' also applies to images created using artificial intelligence algorithms, raising concerns about the spread of false visual information on social media.
Researchers at Salk Institute used CRISPR-Cas9 to delete large duplicated regions in Arabidopsis thaliana genomes, revealing minimal off-target effects. The study shows that it's possible to obtain viable plants with streamlined, minimal plant genomes, challenging assumptions about essential DNA blocks.
The LOINC organization has released a new update with over 4,000 new concepts, including Arabic and Czech translations, to improve accessibility and adoption worldwide. This expansion strengthens interoperability by allowing users to work with data in their native language.
A new study demonstrates that microscopic differences in iron can be spotted using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, allowing archaeologists to identify the origin of Spanish iron objects. This technique follows a quiet revolution in southeast archaeology, where metal detectors have been adopted for large-scale survey work.
Researchers have developed a reusable hydrogel that releases artificial saliva over time, providing sustained relief from dry mouth. The gel is made of biocompatible polymer poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and demonstrates consistent saliva release rates across multiple tests.
Julie Bauman, MD, MPH, is appointed Deputy Chair of NRG's NCORP Research Base, while Ryan Burri, MD, becomes the VA-MTF Subcommittee Vice Chair. These appointments aim to enhance cancer research and treatment through multi-center clinical studies.
The initiative aims to uncover critical genetic and metabolic mechanisms that may explain the increased incidence of ALS among high-performing populations. By using remote-participation technology, up to 500 participants will be collected, eliminating logistical barriers and expanding who can take part in research.
Researchers developed a non-mechanical bioimaging device that uses electrowetting to produce high-resolution images of the retina and cornea. The device has shown promise in detecting eye conditions like age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma, as well as heart disease.
Researchers have developed a new macrocyclic [1,4]azaborine system that emits narrowband deep-blue light with a full width at half maximum of just 24 nm. The material achieves a peak external quantum efficiency of 23.3% in OLED devices.
A new study analyzing over 13 million electronic health records found that clinicians are more likely to doubt the sincerity or competence of Black patients. This bias may contribute to ongoing disparities in healthcare and be addressed through medical training and AI-powered language tools.
Researchers at Insilico Medicine used AI tools to investigate the connection between IPF and accelerated aging, identifying four key pathways central to both conditions. The study found that patients with severe infections had significantly higher predicted biological ages, suggesting a link between fibrosis and aging.
Researchers used fiber-optic technology to measure how falling ice drives glacial retreat in Greenland. The impact of warming seawater on glacier melting and erosion was found to amplify calving and mass loss.
A new study has discovered that the microbial signature of tiny planktonic crustaceans, called copepods, reflects ocean currents and environmental gradients more accurately than freely living microbes. This finding suggests that copepod-associated microbes could serve as valuable bioindicators for detecting shifts in marine ecosystems.
Researchers have developed a novel way to reach the unexplored mesosphere using lightweight flying structures that can float using sunlight. The devices, which were built at Harvard and other institutions, levitated in low-pressure conditions and demonstrated potential for climate sensing and exploration.
Researchers identify three tumor-reactive T cell subpopulations that exhibit selective expansion in ovarian cancer patients. CD8+ TCF7-expressing Tpex cells demonstrate self-renewal capacity and generate stem-like progenies, which may enhance persistence and specificity in current TIL therapy.
UNLV anthropologist Brian Villmoare and an international team discovered new fossils in Ethiopia that indicate Australopithecus and Homo species coexisted between 2.6 and 2.8 million years ago. The findings suggest a more complex tree-like pattern of human evolution, challenging the traditional linear model.
The Georgia Tech researchers created a material inspired by seashells to improve the recycling of plastics, reducing variability in mechanical properties and maintaining performance. The new approach has potential savings of hundreds of millions of dollars and could keep more plastic out of landfills.
Researchers at Chungnam National University developed a new ultra-thin protective layer using polyacrylic acid to prevent dendrite growth and enhance battery performance. The zinc-bonded polyacrylic acid coating proved remarkably durable, resisting dissolution in aqueous solutions and promoting uniform distribution of zinc-ions.
A CABI-led study has identified 9,071 previously unreported pest species in Uganda that pose potential threats to smallholder farmers and food security. The study highlights the need for targeted surveillance, regulation, and research to manage these risks.
A Phase 1 human clinical trial has commenced at Griffith University to test the efficacy and safety of a revolutionary new treatment using olfactory ensheathing cells. The trial aims to repair and regenerate nerves in patients with chronic spinal cord injury, with intensive rehabilitation before and after transplantation.
A new MSU study suggests that print-focused activities are more effective in teaching preschoolers to read than digital games and apps. The research found that shared book reading was only a significant predictor of early literacy skills for children without speech and/or language impairments.
Researchers developed a hybrid-interlocked self-assembled monolayer strategy to enhance device stability in perovskite indoor photovoltaics. The optimized devices achieved record indoor power conversion efficiency of 42.01% and projected T90 lifetime approaching 6000 hours.
This study develops an extreme high-temperature weather index to predict INE crude oil futures prices, finding improved accuracy with the index. Machine learning models are also made more explainable to provide insights into their predictive mechanisms.
Binghamton University faculty have received over $4.4 million in National Science Foundation CAREER Awards to pursue innovative research in various fields. The awards recognize academics who have the potential to serve as role models and leaders in research and education.
Researchers developed a triggered air-water interfacial coordination assembly method to synthesize ultrathin large-sized continuous 2D MOF membranes within just 30 minutes. The method enables highly accurate permeable and stable H2/CO2 separation, revolutionizing industrial separation processes.
A new study measures team creativity in primary care, identifying five dimensions that can generate creative ideas. Primary care teams can apply these dimensions to improve their daily work with supportive dynamics and infrastructure.
A KAIST research team has developed a platform that generates specific signaling molecules in situ from a single precursor under an applied electrical signal, enabling switch-like, precise spatiotemporal control of cellular responses. The platform can produce either nitric oxide or ammonia on demand using only an electrical signal.
Researchers at Penn Medicine and Wharton have developed AI tools, CellSpectra and SISKA, to analyze kidney disease at the cellular level, matching effective treatments. The tools offer clues to better treatments for kidney disease and beyond.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have made a breakthrough discovery that could lead to new treatments for patients with spinal cord injuries who struggle to breathe on their own. The study identified a subset of interneurons in the brain and spinal cord that can boost breathing when faced with physiological challenges.
In US cities once marked as 'hazardous,' ambulances often take longer to arrive than in previously favored areas. The study analyzed 236 urban areas and found that 7.06% of residents in Grade D tracts lacked rapid access to emergency medical services, compared to 4.36% in Grade A tracts.
Researchers discovered that PCAI-27 activates two major signaling pathways, MAPK and PI3K/AKT, leading to increased oxidative stress and apoptosis in AI-resistant breast cancer cells. The compound also disrupts cytoskeletal structure, making cancer cells more vulnerable.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a controlled evolution technique that dramatically increases plasmid DNA (pDNA) production in E. coli bacteria. This breakthrough could significantly reduce the cost of gene therapies and expedite research, making pDNA resources more accessible.
A study by Annenberg Public Policy Center found that firearm use in popular US movies increased by 200% from 2000 to 2021, mirroring the rise in firearm homicide rates among young people aged 15-24. The research suggests that portrayal of guns in entertainment may play a role in promoting their use for violent purposes.
Researchers found that the sediment surge after the Wenchuan Earthquake led to a significant increase in bedload flux, accounting for 65% of the overall sediment flowing through the river. The elevated flux persisted for at least ten years, with no evidence of declining back to background levels.
A new few-shot learning model, PlantCaFo, achieves 93.53% accuracy in controlled tests and surpasses existing approaches in real-world settings. The model's ability to learn from limited samples makes it suitable for agricultural applications where data collection is expensive and time-consuming.
Scientists used operando neutron tomography to visualize the dynamic wetting of lithium-sulphur pouch cells, gaining insights into cell failure mechanisms. The study found that discharge/charge processes improve electrolyte homogeneity, promoting electrochemical activation and enhanced capacity.
Researchers created a detailed list of molecular parts necessary for Mycoplasma pneumoniae survival, accelerating the development of 'living medicines'. The study's highest-resolution essentiality map can predict how tweaks to the microbe's genome slow growth or stress the cell.
A new study published in Environmental Research has found a link between traffic noise and mental health disorders, including depression and anxiety, in young adults. The study suggests that exposure to traffic noise above 53 decibels increases the risk of developing these conditions.
Researchers found that cyantraniliprole and spinosad seed treatments in snap bean performed as well or better than standard neonicotinoid, while five alternative seed treatments proved effective for sweet corn. However, some alternatives had inconsistent results for dry beans.
Researchers predict significant declines in Arctic reindeer populations, with potential losses of up to 80% by 2100, due to climate change. This could have far-reaching ecological implications and exacerbate climatic warming.
NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center has been recognized as a mitral valve repair reference center by the Mitral Foundation for three consecutive years. The award highlights the institution's commitment to delivering high-quality care and advancing best practices in surgical treatment of mitral valve disease.