Articles tagged with Stem Cells
A novel hypothesis proposes that animal diversification resulted from a revolution within the animals' own biology, rather than in surrounding chemistry. Cells with stem cell properties are vital for multicellular life, and tumor cells have developed mechanisms to maintain these properties despite high oxygen levels.
Scientists have created new tiny tubes that can help with water filtration and tissue engineering studies. The tubes are inspired by protein structures called microtubules found in cells and are thousands of times smaller than a human hair.
A team of Canadian researchers has discovered a way to re-program innate immune cells to kill tuberculosis. The innovative work aims to make vaccines more effective against TB and other infectious diseases like the flu. By targeting stem cells in the bone marrow, scientists were able to boost the killing efficiency of macrophages.
Researchers at Radboud University Medical Center discovered that mevalonate, a byproduct of cholesterol production, trains the immune system. A Western diet rich in cholesterol can also induce trained immune cells, leading to long-lasting inflammation. Statins may inhibit this training, while boosting it could help weakened immune systems
Researchers have identified a key gene, Ufbp1, that helps maintain healthy Paneth cells in the small intestine, which are essential for a balanced gut microbiome. The study found that when this gene is knocked out, Paneth cells die and good bacteria levels decrease, leading to inflammatory bowel disease.
A gene therapy approach using AAV vectors reprograms alpha cells into functional insulin-producing beta cells, restoring normal blood glucose levels for an extended period. The strategy shows promise for treating autoimmune diabetes without immunosuppression.
A new removable implant has been developed to control type 1 diabetes, with hundreds of thousands of islet cells protected by a thin hydrogel coating and attached to a polymer thread. This therapy could replace daily insulin injections and offer a more effective management solution for the disease.
A study by Imperial College London has discovered that a drug used to treat iron overload can protect bone marrow areas and allow blood stem cells to survive. This can improve the efficiency of chemotherapy, increasing the five-year survival rate for AML patients over 60 to 5-15 per cent.
Scientists show that transplanted muscle cells loaded with magnetic nanoparticles engraft better onto the existing tissue, leading to improved heart function. The technology could potentially be used to revitalize damaged heart tissue and has shown promising results in mice.
Researchers found that patients with high levels of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) at diagnosis have lower overall survival rates and early mortality. IDO expression should routinely be measured during bone marrow biopsies to identify potential treatment targets.
Research at Lund University found that HLF gene's failure to shut down leads to inadequate lymphocyte development, resulting in a single type of immune defense. The study aimed to identify mechanisms for breaking down leukemia, an aggressive blood cancer with poor prognosis.
Researchers found that cell cycle proteins are crucial for releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in immune cells. This process helps to contain and eliminate fungal infections in mice and human cells.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital have successfully reversed type 1 diabetes in a mouse model by infusing pre-treated blood stem cells. The treated cells curbed the autoimmune reaction and reversed hyperglycemia in diabetic mice, with almost all mice cured of diabetes in the short term and one third maintaining normal blood sug...
Researchers have developed a new therapy that blocks the TRF1 protein, which is essential for protecting telomeres in glioblastoma cells. This approach has shown promising results in mouse models, with a significant increase in survival rates and reduction in tumour growth.
A portable holographic field microscope can rapidly identify diseased cells, including those infected with malaria. The device uses digital camera sensor technology and advanced algorithms to provide quick and accurate diagnosis, reducing the time and cost associated with traditional laboratory testing.
A team of SUTD researchers identified over 1800 proteins in young reticulocytes, revealing key changes in protein composition during maturation. These findings provide insights into the transition from a multi-lobular to biconcave shape and increased deformability.
Researchers found that massage increased muscle growth after loss and improved protein manufacture in cells, leading to faster regeneration. Additionally, non-massaged muscles showed accelerated growth, suggesting massage could benefit both injured and healthy limbs.
Basal progenitor cells have been identified as the 'cell of origin' for Barrett's esophagus, a condition that can lead to esophageal adenocarcinoma. The discovery promises to accelerate the development of precise screening tools and therapies.
Scientists at NAIST have discovered a molecular pathway that explains how plant cells cease cell division upon DNA damage. The study found that the transcription factor family MYB3R prevents progression to the M phase of the cell cycle, allowing plants to maintain genome integrity.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a new method called quantitative deformability cytometry (q-DC) to rapidly determine a single cell's stiffness and size. This technique allows for standardized measurements of single cells and could lead to improved cancer treatments by tracking patient progress and predicting drug effectiveness.
Researchers at UW Medicine have developed mini-kidney organoids that can track the early stages of polycystic kidney disease. By manipulating the micro-environment, they found that cyst formation can be increased or decreased.
The nation's public cord blood banks provide benefits for patients and the research community, outweighing costs. Researchers recommend standardizing payment and encouraging diverse collection practices to strengthen the system.
Researchers developed a method to trace the history of beta-cells in zebrafish, revealing dynamic sub-populations with different developmental histories. These findings have implications for understanding diabetes progression and developing effective strategies for beta-cell regeneration and protection.
Scientists have developed a new treatment option using nanogels to encapsulate stem cells, which can repair damaged heart tissue and trigger an immune response. This method has shown increased cell retention and regeneration compared to traditional treatments.
Researchers developed a microfluidic chip-based platform for analyzing live cells using fluorescence microscopy. The platform uses a CMOS image sensor and allows for fully automated systems, making it suitable for high-throughput applications.
Scientists at Temple University are exploring exosome-based treatments for heart disease using a $11.6 million NIH grant. Researchers aim to understand the regenerative capabilities of exosomes and develop novel therapies for patients with heart disease.
Researchers found that calorie-restricted mice develop thicker, longer fur coats and increased blood vessels to insulate against cold temperatures. This adaptation helps them conserve energy and survive in limited food conditions.
Scientists at Kazan Federal University have developed a new tool for cell-free therapy using artificial membrane vesicles, which retain biological properties of donor cells. The study demonstrates that these vesicles can stimulate angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo.
A new method reveals abnormally shortened telomeres in DMD patients' muscle stem cells, leading to early loss of regeneration capacity and disease progression. The finding suggests gene therapy and treatments targeting telomere length could slow or stop the disease.
Scientists have identified a gene that causes blindness in middle age, shedding light on a devastating genetic condition. The study found changes in the RPGR gene damage eye cells and lead to X-linked retinitis pigmentosa, affecting night and peripheral vision before causing complete blindness.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a technique to monitor the maturation process of the immune system in leukaemia patients after stem cell transplantation. This study identifies patterns linked to clinical complications and provides new knowledge on the regulation and dysregulation of the immune system.
Id genes have been linked to heart development for the first time, revealing a new tool to create large numbers of cardiac cells to regenerate damaged heart tissue. The study uses CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing and high-throughput microRNA screening to identify the role Id genes play in heart development.
Researchers found that fatty liver disease can cause damage to other organs, particularly the pancreas. The protein fetuin-A produced by the fatty liver triggers an inflammatory response in the pancreas, leading to reduced insulin secretion and worsening of blood glucose regulation.
Scientists have created healthy offspring from genetically infertile male mice using a new technique that removes the extra sex chromosome. The approach has potential for treating human infertility caused by Klinefelter syndrome and Double Y syndrome.
A UTSA professor has received a $1.5 million grant to study spermatogonial stem cells in a cutting-edge way. The goal is to understand how these cells form and support sperm production, leading to earlier diagnoses and more effective treatments for male infertility.
Researchers at UCLA have identified a novel method to activate dormant stem cells in the hair follicle, which could lead to breakthroughs in treating hair loss. By manipulating cellular metabolism, they found that increasing lactate production accelerates hair growth in mice.
A new study by Cedars-Sinai Medical Center suggests that cardiac stem cell infusions could reverse aging in the human heart. Cardiosphere-derived cells secrete tiny vesicles containing RNA and proteins, which may turn back the clock for age-related heart conditions.
A UCI-led study found that a low-calorie diet helps maintain efficient energy processing in cells, which is linked to younger aging. The researchers also discovered that calorie restriction can rejuvenate the biological clock and prevent tissue aging in stem cells.
Researchers at the University of Bergen have successfully transformed skin puncture cells from diabetes patients into insulin-producing cells. The goal is to transplant these cells under the skin, potentially replacing insulin shots and blood sugar measurements.
Researchers identified a genetic variation underlying heart muscle regeneration in adult mammals. The study found that some individuals can naturally recover from a wounded heart due to higher percentages of regenerative cells, and that modulating the activity of a specific gene may enhance regeneration.
Scientists at the Gladstone Institutes have discovered a method to reprogram specific T cells, turning pro-inflammatory cells into anti-inflammatory ones. This breakthrough could lead to improved treatments for autoimmune diseases and therapies using stem cells.
Healthy skin cells have been found to actively correct tissue flaws created by cancerous cells, eliminating tumors in mouse models. The study highlights the importance of normal cells in maintaining tissue health and functionality.
A new review examines the role of various stem cells in corneal wound healing, highlighting similarities and differences in the process. Stem cell transplantation may fine-tune wound healing and provide benefits for patients.
Scientists suspect sleep apnea diminishes healthspan due to its link with age-related diseases, including non-alcoholic liver disease and Alzheimer's, prompting researchers to explore treatment options.
Researchers developed a system to deliver growth factors to stem cells, enabling their survival and differentiation into new blood vessels. This approach successfully restored blood supply and rescued muscle tissue in mouse models of ischemia.
US stem cell clinics are successfully registering for-profit, pay-to-participate studies on ClinicalTrials.gov, often with serious ethical and scientific flaws. These studies fail to disclose that patients are charged to participate in clinical research, using inappropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria.
A study by Babraham Institute and Weizmann Institute reveals genes are constantly rearranged in cells, changing their positions to fine-tune gene expression. Researchers collected data from over 4,000 individual cells using single-cell Hi-C technology, providing unique insights into genome organisation.
Scientists have identified how cytokinin activates genes to regulate plant growth, allowing for stem cell establishment in grains like rice and corn. The study reveals the mechanism of type-B ARRs in regulating cytokinin response and growing shoots in tissue culture.
Research sheds light on how conserved mechanism regulates development and cancer; implications for new cancer therapies. TUTase enzymes interact with let-7, a small RNA molecule important in development and cancer.
A NUS study found that plants selectively kill part of their roots to withstand cold weather conditions, allowing them to recover faster when temperatures rise. This discovery could lead to novel strategies to improve crop growth and yield under environmental stress.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine discovered a lipid metabolite called prostaglandin E2 that activates muscle stem cells responsible for repairing damage after injury or exercise. Treating mice with PGE2 accelerates muscle repair and strength regain, while nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit this process.
Researchers conducted a study assessing stem cell transplantation for patients with a rare 'gain of function' STAT1 gene mutation. The treatment showed encouraging results, with five patients being completely cured and disease-free, but the overall success rate was disappointing at 40%. Experts propose adjusting treatment parameters, s...
Rice University scientists have discovered a way to selectively open gaps in blood vessel barriers, allowing large molecule drugs to reach targeted tissues. The technique uses magnets to manipulate nanoparticles and alter the endothelial cell's structure, creating temporary 'leakiness' that can be controlled.
Researchers have successfully 'turned off' the immune response that causes allergic reactions in animals using gene therapy. The treatment, which targets specific immune cells, has shown promise in de-sensitizing the immune system to proteins, potentially treating severe allergies like asthma and peanut allergies.
Researchers at the University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre discovered a way to modify white blood cells to accelerate cutaneous healing. The treatment uses a special protein called MFG-E8 to control macrophage behavior, promoting anti-inflammatory and pro-reparatory reactions.
Researchers have discovered two genetic variants associated with bicuspid aortic valve development, which affects the heart's ability to pump oxygen-rich blood. The study, published in Nature Communications, found that these variants affect a key cardiac transcription factor called GATA4, leading to disruptions in valve formation.
A genetic switch that regulates blood stem cell maturation is dysregulated in acute myeloid leukemia. Researchers have identified a protein, DPF2, that controls this switch and developed a mutated version of the protein that can block its function. This new approach may lead to more effective treatments for leukemia.
A Cedars-Sinai-led team developed a technique that cues bone to regrow its own tissue, potentially replacing bone grafts. The innovative method combines ultrasound, stem cell and gene therapies to mend severely broken bones.
Researchers at the University of California San Diego have developed biomimetic bone tissues that provide a safe space for donor cells to grow without competition from host cells. This breakthrough technology has shown promising results in mice, with donor cells surviving for up to six months and supplying new blood cells.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered that a protein called KROX20 is essential for hair pigmentation and a gene called SCF determines the color of hair. The study found that deleting these genes leads to gray or white hair in mice, providing potential insights into balding and aging.