Articles tagged with Physical Maps
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The International HapMap Consortium has outlined its policies for rapidly releasing human genetic variation data to researchers worldwide. The $120 million project aims to create a public resource map of common human genetic patterns, facilitating the discovery of genes associated with diseases and response to medicines.
A team led by Philip Benfey created a detailed mosaic of cells showing where and when 22,000 genes are activated within growing root tissue. The results provide the first global resolution of gene expression for any organism.
Researchers at Rutgers University have developed a genetic road map that identifies sources of disease by analyzing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The map, which is the first of its kind, provides detailed information on gene interactions and will enable scientists to conduct large-scale genotyping with greater efficiency.
A genetic study in Palau reveals distinct genetic factors contributing to schizophrenia in each of five families. The findings reinforce the complexity of schizophrenia and demonstrate the value of large extended pedigrees for gene mapping.
Researchers mapped the 11q13 amplicon, a common genetic defect in oral and head and neck cancers. A new gene, TAOS1, was identified as overexpressed in cell lines with 11q13 amplification, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis.
A physical map of the mouse genome provides detailed organization and context to the draft sequence, aiding in gene discovery and understanding health and disease. This mapping effort also enables researchers to access specific regions of DNA for further study.
An international consortium is developing a sequence-ready map of the cattle genome to improve dairy and beef cattle, enhance food safety, and protect against bioterrorism. The project will provide valuable tools for animal breeding and securing the world's meat and milk supply.
A Rutgers computer research team is developing a genetic linkage map that may help scientists identify the DNA differences predisposing people to complex diseases. The map will analyze data from over 2,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to track genes contributing to disease.
The Ohio State genome map contains 66,000 genes, which is more than double the earlier estimates of 35,000 genes. The map provides annotations that explain the function of all genes, including tissue-specific genes that are active in some tissues but not others.
A new method developed by Cornell researchers allows for fast comparison of genomes, tracing evolutionary paths and identifying genes. This enables practical applications in plant breeding, medicine, and disease research, with potential breakthroughs in disease resistance and nutritional value.
The study reveals up to 149 conserved chromosome segments in humans and cattle, including four whole chromosomes with the same genes, despite a 60-million-year evolutionary gap. The comparative map will facilitate identification of genes controlling important traits in both species.
Thomas A. Steven, a retired USGS research field geologist, received the 7th Annual Dibblee Medal for his outstanding contributions to field geology and geologic mapping. He was recognized for his work on complex volcanic structures, genesis of ore deposits, and landscape evolution.
The Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly genome has been sequenced in full, with a focus on physical maps to ensure accuracy. The completion of the genome sequence is significant, as it reveals connections between fruit fly and human genes, offering insights into diseases such as cancer, kidney disease, and metabolic disorders.
Scientists have mapped the zebrafish genome using a radiation hybrid technique, allowing for matching of candidate genes with genetically mapped mutations. The map provides valuable insight into human development and has potential applications in understanding genetic diseases.
The first ever-established complete clone-based physical map of a plant genome is published for Arabidopsis thaliana. The map covers the entire nuclear genome and is assembled entirely on the basis of BAC clones, offering strongly increased resolution.
A team of researchers at Duke University Medical Center has mapped a region of human chromosome 11 and identified a new gene, RRM1, that is believed to be responsible for the aggressive nature of lung cancer. The gene's role in DNA production and repair makes it a potential therapeutic target for improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers at Stanford Human Genome Center developed a powerful new computer program called Mapper to map thousands of genetic markers simultaneously. This allows for high-resolution maps with better local area resolution and rapid rebuilding process.