Articles tagged with Viral Entry
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have identified nanchangmycin as a potent inhibitor of Zika virus entry into human cells, including endothelial and placental cells. This finding represents a 'stepping stone' towards the development of a new class of anti-virals that target the same mode of entry used by other viruses like West Nile and dengue.
Researchers have found that Aravive-S6 can inhibit Zika infection of human glial cells, adding to its previously reported anticancer properties. The study suggests a potential antiviral role for the molecule in treating neurological disorders caused by the virus.
Researchers sequenced Zika virus genomes from Brazil to estimate a single entry point into the Americas, likely between May and December 2013. This timing correlates with major cultural events and increased air travel from Zika-endemic regions.
Researchers have solved the crystal structures of three human TIM members and found that they efficiently enhance Ebola virus infection. The study provides valuable information on the atomic interactions between phosphoserine and hTIMs.
Gammaherpesvirus co-opts host SINE RNA transcripts to activate immune response and boost viral transcription. This finding reveals a new role for SINE RNAs in the host-pathogen interaction.
Researchers at LSU Health New Orleans School of Medicine have discovered a toxic fragment of an Ebola virus protein that can change membrane permeability. The Delta peptide fragment has been shown to block the virus from attaching to already-infected cells, offering potential new insights for treatment and prevention.
Researchers found that immune mechanisms triggered by viruses differ depending on entry route, with Toll pathway activated for feeding-related infections. The study suggests that understanding these differences can help find targets to block human diseases transmitted by insects.
Researchers predict that without effective exit screening, Ebola-infected travelers will continue to pose a significant risk of international spread. With 2-3 cases predicted to travel abroad every month, countries with limited medical resources may struggle to respond effectively to imported cases.
A new study determines glycosylation and pH-dependent conformational changes of virus receptor SCARB2 as crucial for EV71 attachment and entry. Researchers found that SCARB2 opens a lipid-transfer tunnel to trigger viral uncoating at acidic conditions, releasing the viral genome into host cells.
Researchers have identified how dengue virus enters cells using the DC-SIGN protein. Strong neutralization antibodies block this process, offering hope for vaccine development to combat the global mosquito-borne disease. The study's findings could lead to improved prevention and treatment of dengue fever.
Researchers at Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine identified the disruption of iron uptake receptor TfR1 in Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected cells. The study shows that TfR1 mediates HCV entry and contributes to hepatic iron overload, a common complication in chronic HCV infections.
Researchers have identified a protein used by Ebola virus to gain entry into cells and begin replicating, providing a new target for antiviral drugs. This discovery may lead to the development of more stable and effective treatments for Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF), currently caused by one of the deadliest known viruses affecting humans.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital identified a novel small molecule that inhibits Ebola virus entry into cells by more than 99 percent. The target of the inhibitor is the cell protein Niemann-Pick C1, which is critical for EboV infection.
Researchers present promising entry inhibitors, a new mechanism of action for treating viral hepatitis B and D infections. These drugs could provide the first new treatments in many years and have shown high effectiveness against HBV infection, reducing markers by 90%.
Researchers from Washington University School of Medicine successfully blocked harmful immune cells from entering the brain in mice with a condition similar to multiple sclerosis. The breakthrough discovery, made using an anti-cancer drug, prevents symptoms and provides early evidence for a potential new treatment.
The 2010 International Science and Engineering Visualization Challenge recognized winners for their visually striking and informative entries, including a video tracking trash disposal and a poster on fungi's complex uses. The challenge honors scientists who use visual media to promote understanding of scientific research.
Researchers at Duke University found that Peregrine's PS-targeting antibodies can block the CCR5 receptor, a key portal for HIV to gain entry into blood cells. The study showed potent ability to induce specific effects that impact viruses, inducing β-chemokines to block HIV entry.
Researchers analyze success of HIV entry inhibitors, highlighting need for new classes due to increasing resistance and toxicity concerns. The study concludes that blocking HIV entry by fusion inhibitors and coreceptor antagonists holds major promise for developing a new antiretroviral drug class.
The researchers determined the pre-fusion structure of the F protein using X-ray diffraction, providing a complete picture of how paramyxovirus F protein works to infect cells. This discovery has significant implications for developing improved protein-based vaccines and designing novel anti-viral agents.
Researchers discovered that mid-sized nanomaterials (27-30 nm) are optimal for cellular entry. This knowledge can help design drugs to keep viruses out and molecules to enter cells safely. The study's findings have broad implications for developing gene and drug delivery tools.
The AAAS has announced the winners of the 2004 Science and Engineering Visualization Challenge, showcasing outstanding visualizations across five categories: photography, illustration, graphics, interactive media, and non-interactive media. Marna E. Ericson took first place in photography for her image capturing tick nymphs' autofluore...
The NSF and AAAS announced the winners of the 2004 Visualization contest, which spanned research fields from viral medicine to Earth science. The top entries were selected in categories such as photography, illustration, graphics, interactive media, and non-interactive media.
Researchers discovered specialized domains on nerve cell surfaces that regulate the entry of molecules, revising a long-held theory. These 'endocytic zones' control receptor transport and are also entry points for nutrients and pathogens, offering new insights into brain development and neurological disorders.
Researchers at U.Va. have identified a new component called Npap60 that helps load cargo and ensures correct delivery into the cell nucleus. The study reveals an unusual switch mechanism that allows the protein to distinguish between different nuclear entry codes.
A new protein called HveC has been discovered that allows both Herpes Simplex-1 and -2, as well as animal herpesviruses, to infect human cells. This receptor has the broadest activity among the identified co-receptors, enabling entry of multiple strains of herpesviruses into various cell types.