Articles tagged with Trachea
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A randomized trial found that etomidate is safe to use and significantly decreases the risk of dangerously low blood pressures during tracheal intubation compared to ketamine. This new evidence supports the use of etomidate as a safer alternative for critically ill adults.
Researchers aim to determine if biomarkers can identify adults at risk of developing interstitial lung disease (ILD), a chronic condition that causes inflammation and scarring in the lung tissue. The approach could lead to the development of new, better treatments with more tolerable side effects.
The HE Breathing ventilation mode has been shown to significantly enhance surgical safety, reduce perioperative mortality, and promote faster recovery in complex airway surgery. By reducing anesthesia time and hospital stays, this innovative technique offers a major advantage over conventional intubated ventilation methods.
A multicenter randomized trial identified a noninvasive ventilation method as effective in reducing the risk of hypoxemia and cardiac arrest during emergency tracheal intubation. The study found that this method cut the risk of hypoxemia in half and drastically reduced the risk of cardiac arrest compared to oxygen mask preoxygenation.
Researchers at UCSF have identified laryngeal and tracheal neuroendocrine cells that sense water and acid in the upper airway, triggering a cough reflex. The discovery could lead to interventions to prevent pneumonia and treat certain types of chronic cough.
An AI system by Lunit identified improperly positioned endotracheal tubes with high sensitivity and specificity, allowing for earlier repositioning and reducing complications. The study included 539 chest radiographs from three institutions and showed promising results in detecting ETT presence and improper position.
The study found a decreasing trend in the global TBL cancer burden from 1990 to 2019, but regional variations persisted. The burden was highest in upper-middle-income countries and lowest in high-income countries.
The February issue of the CHEST journal features 37 articles exploring various topics in chest medicine, including asthma, COPD, and pulmonary vascular disease. The journal also highlights its equity topic collection, focusing on conditions that affect women, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension and sarcoidosis.
The new guidance provides a comprehensive approach to preventing unrecognised oesophageal intubation, addressing both technical and human factors. It recommends standardising carbon dioxide monitoring and pulse oximetry, using videolaryngoscopes for correct placement, and addressing stress-related management of crises.
A team of researchers from Georgia Tech developed a 3D-printed tracheal replacement splint to treat Ramiah, a 4-year-old girl with tracheal agenesis. The Airway Support Device was used in her successful surgery and has improved her breathing capabilities.
Researchers describe disassembly of Drosophila fly trachea during metamorphosis, revealing two-stage process involving cell shrinkage and death. The study highlights intricate involvement of physical mechanisms and biological signalling in regulating cellular decisions.
Scientists from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and RIKEN report discovering signals that control the formation of human organs from fetal foregut. The study provides a roadmap for growing more complex and functional organoids using human stem cells.
A new study reveals a network of genes that regulates the formation of the trachea and oesophagus in mice, providing insight into birth defects and potential treatments. The findings identify new genes essential for development, paving the way for lab-grown tissue to replace defective structures.
A study examining the windpipes of birds, crocodiles, salamanders, mice, and cats found deep similarities in the presence of a reinforced airway structure, suggesting that the syrinx may have evolved for structural support. This challenges the long-held assumption that the syrinx is an evolutionary odd duck.
Case Western Reserve University scientists have engineered natural windpipe replacement structures using patient cells and self-assembling modules. This approach overcomes challenges in current tissue-engineering methods, enabling the creation of functional living tracheas that can be implanted into patients with damaged airways.
Researchers discovered that Mipp1 protein helps fruit fly cells sprout 'fingers' to build the intricate network of the trachea. The protein's presence is crucial for cell migration and elongation, with too much or too little resulting in abnormal development.
Tracheal bioengineering should be demonstrated as both effective and safe before further transplants. The authors report high mortality and morbidity rates among patients who received bioengineered tracheas, casting doubt on the field's current state.
A 30-year-old Colombian mother received a tissue-engineered trachea in 2008, and five years later, she continues to enjoy a good quality of life without immunological complications or rejection. Regular testing reveals retained lung function and no scarring, although some symptoms remain monitored through bronchoscopies.
Researchers are developing stem cell-based transplant technology to recreate complex tissues and organs, with successful trials in trachea, oesophagus and lung transplantation. Experimental attempts also show promise for brain regeneration and treatment of acute refractory lung failure.
A 13-year-old boy underwent a groundbreaking stem cell trachea transplant in 2010, with the new organ strengthening over time and not inducing rejection. The child's successful recovery has sparked calls for further research to increase availability of transplanted tracheas.
A 36-year-old Eritrean patient received a pioneering trachea transplant using an artificial scaffold seeded with stem cells, allowing him to live a normal life. The procedure has shown promising results and may pave the way for future treatments of airway diseases.
A team of surgeons at Henry Ford Hospital has successfully removed a rare malignant immature teratoma from an adult's trachea and rebuilt the airway using tissue and bone from the patient's arm. The patient is now able to speak and swallow normally, with only a temporary tracheostomy tube used for breathing assistance.
A randomized controlled trial of early vs late tracheotomy in mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients found no significant reduction in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) with earlier tracheotomy. The study also showed a higher number of ventilator-free and ICU-free days in the early tracheotomy group.
A pioneering operation performed by Professor Paolo Macchiarini and his team successfully transplanted a trachea without immunosuppression. The hybrid tissue was created by repopulating donor cells with stem and epithelial cells from the recipient, eliminating the need for immunosuppression.
A 30-year-old Colombian woman has undergone successful transplantation of a tissue-engineered airway, showing improved quality of life with normal functioning and no rejection. The graft developed its own blood supply and the patient was discharged without complications.
Researchers at Stanford University have discovered that mature fruit-fly cells can regress and serve as a type of de facto stem cell during the fly's life cycle. This finding counters previous assumptions about cell specialization and differentiation, suggesting the possibility of multiple types of adult stem cells in mammalian tissue.
Scientists from Boston Children's Hospital successfully engineered tracheas using mesenchymal stem cells from amniotic fluid, allowing fetal lambs to breathe spontaneously after birth. This breakthrough technique aims to fix life-threatening tracheal defects in utero.
A study at Ohio State University shows that selective breeding helps honeybees develop resistance to tracheal mites, reducing the need for insecticides. Beekeepers can maintain healthy hives without relying on chemicals by selecting and breeding mite-resistant bees.