A recent study by Washington University researchers discovered that fatty acid synthase and nitric oxide synthase enzymes interact in endothelial cells to cause blood vessel damage in diabetes. By understanding this mechanism, they hope to develop new treatments for vascular complications of the disease.
Researchers found that early puberty is associated with greater bone mass, while later puberty results in less, increasing the risk of fracture. This discovery has significant implications for adolescence growth and development, highlighting the importance of timing in shaping adult bone health.
A study from Henry Ford Hospital found that photodynamic therapy can preserve vocal cord function in patients with early-stage laryngeal cancer. The treatment, which uses a powerful laser and light-activated drug, showed consistent trends toward normal vocal cord vibration over several weeks and months.
A team of surgeons at Henry Ford Hospital has successfully removed a rare malignant immature teratoma from an adult's trachea and rebuilt the airway using tissue and bone from the patient's arm. The patient is now able to speak and swallow normally, with only a temporary tracheostomy tube used for breathing assistance.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have developed a new approach to analyzing social networking interactions, considering time and space factors. This enables better understanding of leadership emergence, trust changes over time, and migration within communities online.
Researchers found that vitamin D-deficient mice had reduced lung volume, lower airway resistance, and smaller lungs compared to control mice. The study suggests a potential link between vitamin D deficiency and obstructive lung disease, highlighting the need for future studies on prevention and treatment strategies.
Research from Case Western Reserve University shows that helping others in the AA program can lead to improved sobriety and reduced depression. The 'helper therapy principle' helps individuals with a similar condition, reducing egocentrism and selfishness.
Researchers at Princeton University developed an air laser that can detect hidden bombs, pollutants, and greenhouse gases from afar. The new technique uses an ultraviolet laser pulse to generate an entirely new beam of light that interacts with molecules in the air, providing a powerful tool for remote measurements.
A study found that African American men avoid doctor visits due to stress and lack of practical advice. The study suggests that physicians need to provide more support and resources to encourage men to follow medical recommendations.
A new UT MD Anderson study finds that brief pre-surgery stress management training can improve immune outcomes and lower mood disturbances in men with early-stage prostate cancer. The study's results suggest that managing stress has biological as well as psychological benefits, which may have an effect on aspects of disease.
Researchers at University of Michigan and University of California, Irvine discover DNA's building blocks 'rock and roll,' forming alternative structures with Hoogsteen base pairs. These fleeting states contain new layers of information stored in the genetic code, shedding light on critical interactions between DNA and proteins.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have discovered a potential new anti-cancer treatment using the antibiotic tautomycetin, which targets the cancer-causing enzyme SHP2. This finding offers hope for developing effective treatments against various types of leukemia and solid tumors.
Researchers at McGill University Health Centre solved two cold cases using genetic studies, identifying a gene responsible for rare cancer and thyroid disease. The findings provided answers for families affected by the diseases, including information on screening tests and risk for future generations.
A team of researchers has created a 'reporter mouse' that can detect kidney damage in real-time by generating light, offering a potential solution to current diagnosis methods. The technique uses the NGAL protein, which can report toxic cellular stresses, and meets the criteria for a true biomarker.
A new study has identified the precise steps in the molecular evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae, a major threat to global health. The research reveals that the bacterium's genetic makeup has undergone significant changes, with a likely birthplace in Europe and widespread spread across the globe.
A new study by Temple University psychologists Jason Chein and Laurence Steinberg found that the presence of peers heightens teens' sensitivity to rewards, leading them to take more risks. The researchers used fMRI to measure brain activity in adolescents, young adults, and adults while playing a simulated driving game.
BGU's green algae strain can produce up to 12-15% DGLA, a precursor for anti-inflammatory prostaglandin E1. The collaboration aims to optimize DGLA production and develop a commercial pilot plant, valued at $300 million by 2015.
A New York City College of Technology research team has developed a method to deflect asteroids using solar sail technology. The technique involves heating the surface of an asteroid to create a jet stream, which would alter its trajectory and potentially convert an Earth impact into a near miss.
Researchers found that Taxol, a cancer drug, can aid in the regeneration of nerve cells after spinal cord injuries. The drug stabilizes microtubules and prevents the production of inhibitory substances in scar tissue, allowing for better nerve cell growth.
A new appreciation of the ecology-evolution dynamic reveals that environmental factors can influence evolutionary changes and shape ecological traits. This emerging field of study highlights the interconnectedness between ecology and evolution, suggesting a feedback loop where ecological changes affect evolution and vice versa.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine identified defects in two signaling pathways, Wnt and PS-1, associated with Lesch-Nyhan Disease. These findings also suggest common mechanisms for cognitive and behavioral defects in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
New research predicts increased frequency of drought in eastern Africa, exacerbating existing food shortages and population growth. Scientists link warming Indian Ocean temperatures to decreased rainfall in the region.
A large trial in Uganda found that treating pregnant women for worm infections increased their child's chances of developing eczema. The study supports the 'hygiene hypothesis', which proposes that exposure to infections can modify the immune system and protect against allergies.
Researchers from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory created a durable and efficient photocatalyst that can collect solar energy to extract hydrogen from water. The disorder-engineered nanocrystal absorbs infrared light, making it attractive for use in clean-energy technologies.
A new study published in the journal Drug and Alcohol Dependence found that retired NFL players misuse painkillers at a higher rate than the general population, with 7% currently using opioid drugs. The study also found that players who experienced undiagnosed concussions were more likely to misused opioids.
The SUNRAY project aims to identify new ways to address malnutrition in Africa, prioritizing research led by African researchers. The initiative will integrate nutrition research with other sectors to address root causes and avoid 'technical fixes'.
Research reveals that smoking habits are transmitted from mother to daughter and father to son, influencing the likelihood of nicotine addiction in offspring. The study found that socio-economic factors account for the transmission of these habits.
A large-scale experiment by UC Davis ecologists shows that environmental changes can alter how intact ecological communities function, affecting plant and animal species interactions. The study, led by Jonah Piovia-Scott, used seaweed to imitate climate change effects on Caribbean islands.
A large cohort study found that hormone therapy started at menopause increases breast cancer risk, particularly among women who start therapy before or soon after menopause. The study's results support previous findings and provide new insights into the relationship between timing of hormone therapy and breast cancer risk.
Scientists have created a new system that uses two video cameras and advanced computer software to study ocean waves in real-time. The technology can help explain the dynamics of near-shore waves and provide accurate insights into coastal erosion.