Articles tagged with Sulfate Aerosols
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A recent study by Cornell University researchers suggests that the 2020 regulatory changes in international shipping emissions led to a significant increase in global temperatures. The study found that removing sulfur dioxide from shipping fuel increased the planet's temperature by 0.08 degrees Celsius.
A UC Riverside study found that large fires in California create a self-sustaining cycle of heat and dryness, making it easier for new fires to start. The extra heat reduces humidity, allowing conditions to become favorable for more fire.
A new UC Riverside study found that boreal forests in the northern hemisphere are particularly vulnerable to negative effects of cleaning up aerosol pollution. Reducing levels of human-made aerosols causes an increase in wildfires, especially in northern hemisphere forests.
An international team has detected aerosols from the Hunga Tonga eruption in the Northern Hemisphere stratospheric westerlies, aiding simulation of volcanic plume processes. This discovery provides key insights into physical properties and evolutionary process of volcanic aerosols in the stratosphere.
A new study published in Geophysical Research Letters reveals that even dormant volcanoes release a surprisingly high amount of sulfur into the Arctic atmosphere. This finding has significant implications for understanding Earth's atmosphere and its relationship with climate and air quality.
A new 'whipping jet' aerosol sprayer can precisely control how aerosols move, a crucial aspect of various industries. The technology has potential applications in pharmaceutical sciences, climate research, automotive, food processing, and carbon capture.
A team of scientists has found that small sulfate aerosols in the 1970s may have counteracted the effects of global warming by forming clouds that reflect radiation. The study reconstructed particle sizes from Greenland ice cores, showing a higher concentration of small sulfates during this period.
Researchers found a sharp S-isotopic decrease coincided with the terrestrial extinction in the Sydney Basin, linked to climatic perturbations of short-term cooling and longer-term global warming. The study provides new evidence for the massive deposition of atmospheric sulfate, potentially contributing to the EPE on land.
A fresh analysis suggests that the global cooling effect of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano eruption will be smaller than expected. However, the researchers warn that a one-time-only event may not be sufficient to overwhelm the longer-term global warming tendency.
Volcanic eruptions impact monsoon rainfall differently globally, dominated by pre-eruption ENSO phases according to a study. Regional responses are varied and can be explained by the underlying mechanism of SST anomalies triggered by volcanic eruptions.
Injections of reflective sulfate aerosols into the atmosphere may relieve worst climate change consequences when combined with carbon emission reductions. However, SAI carries its own risks, affecting multiple environmental factors in complex and unpredictable ways.
New modeling experiments predict that reducing air pollution, such as sulfate aerosols, will increase surface air temperature at current and increased carbon dioxide levels. The loss of a cooling effect caused by the light-scattering particles accelerates global warming without simultaneous reductions in greenhouse gas production.
Researchers from China and the US analyzed five sulfur isotopes in aerosol, SO2, and coal samples to determine their sources. The study reveals that photochemical reactions in the stratosphere produce sulfate aerosols enriched with 33S, while biomass and fossil fuel combustion yield sulfates depleted in 36S.
Researchers from Georgia Institute of Technology found that elevated ammonia levels in Beijing have a relatively little impact on the acidity of pollutant particles. They suggest that sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide could be more significant contributors to extreme haze, which is linked to human health risks.
Researchers will study Chinese haze events and their sources using oxygen-isotopic compositions of sulfate and nitrate aerosols. The findings will aid development of air quality mitigation strategies in China.
Researchers found that brake dust particles can form a toxic aerosol when mixed with acidic sulfate in the air. The interaction can cause oxidative stress and increase the risk of adverse health effects. While electric cars may reduce tailpipe emissions, brake dust will remain a persistent source of pollution.
Researchers found that air pollution, specifically sulfate aerosols, may have temporarily hidden the effects of global warming on Arctic sea ice, leading to an increase in sea ice extent from 1950 to 1975. The study's findings challenge the perception that Arctic sea ice was unperturbed by human-caused climate change until the 1970s.
The 1815 Tambora eruption, one of the largest in the last 1,000 years, killed over 60,000 people in Indonesia and led to a 'year without a summer' globally. A systematic exploration of available eruption archives is needed to better understand potential future hazards.
A team of scientists has reconstructed annual records of volcanic sulfate emissions in the Southern Hemisphere for the past 2,000 years using ice cores from Antarctica. The new record reveals 116 individual volcanic events and provides a more accurate understanding of climate variability caused by powerful eruptions.
Research explores cooperative transition of SO2 and NOx into secondary aerosols in China's haze pollution, showing positive feedback mechanism that accelerates air pollution. Authors conclude that controlling precursor gases is crucial to reduce PM2.5 concentrations.
New University of Washington research reveals that injecting sulfate particles into the stratosphere will only partially mitigate climate change. The study suggests that even with increased aerosols, regional warming and extreme weather events could still occur.
Associate Professor Huiming Bao has published research in Nature about massive volcanic eruptions and their atmospheric consequences. The study used computer models and geological data to simulate the sulfur gas oxidation chemistry and atmospheric conditions of North America long before human activities impacted air quality.
Certain gases have a significantly more powerful warming impact when linked with aerosols, amplifying their effect. Methane and carbon monoxide can reduce sulfate aerosol production, leading to increased warming.
New NASA research reveals that soot particles in the atmosphere absorb twice as much sunlight as previously estimated, contributing significantly to global warming. The study's findings are based on analysis of global atmospheric measurements and computer models.
New ice core samples reveal human activities account for approximately 25% of modern carbonyl sulfide in the atmosphere. Researchers can now develop a baseline to measure the effect of human activity on atmospheric carbonyl sulfide and sulfate aerosols.