Articles tagged with Colleges
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A University of Oregon study finds three-fold benefits in muni market efficiency since the Real-time Transaction Reporting System was launched. Timely disclosure reduces transaction costs and increases municipal trading volume across liquidity levels, benefiting all stakeholders.
A lack of recommended sleep can lead to poor athletic performance, as well as increased risk of injury and illness in young athletes. The study emphasizes the importance of adequate sleep for youth athletes to perform at their best.
Researchers found a significant increase in intentional penetrating injuries, especially firearm violence, during the pandemic. Young African-American men were disproportionately affected by these injuries, with the proportion of visits for gunshot wounds nearly doubling compared to previous years.
Researchers analyzed saliva samples from over 500 participants to identify microRNA levels that could indicate a concussion. The study found that measuring these molecules in saliva can aid diagnosis with high accuracy, potentially replacing current symptom scales and neurocognitive tests.
The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) honored 37 distinguished members with the 2020 Master of the ACR designation for their contributions to rheumatology research and patient care. The ACR also recognized leading researchers and clinicians with its Awards of Distinction, including the Presidential Gold Medal and the Paulding Phel...
Researchers used a large-scale data archive of animal movement studies to find surprising patterns and associations between climate change and the behavior of golden eagles, bears, caribou, moose, and wolves. The study demonstrates the feasibility and importance of studying animal ecology on extremely large scales.
A new study from Penn State reveals how fake news detectors can be manipulated through user comments, allowing adversaries to influence the detector's assessment of a story. The researchers developed a framework called Malcom to generate and optimize malicious comments that fool leading fake news detectors over 93% of the time.
Dr. Donna D. Zhang's research focuses on harnessing nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 to prevent or treat arsenic-induced diseases. She aims to identify new pharmaceuticals to address adverse health effects resulting from arsenic exposure.
Researchers found a relationship between zebra finch gut microbiome characteristics and cognitive performance, identifying potentially critical bacteria affecting learning and memory. The study provides evidence for the 'microbiota-gut-brain axis' in songbirds, raising questions about the generality of this system across species.
Diets high in proinflammatory foods increase heart disease and stroke risk, while anti-inflammatory diets like the Mediterranean diet lower inflammation levels. Consuming antioxidant-rich foods and limiting processed meats can help combat inflammation.
A new curriculum at Washington University School of Medicine equips surgical residents with technical and non-technical skills to treat victims of firearm violence. The Anatomy of Gun Violence (AGV) curriculum includes training sessions, simulations, and discussions on the social context of firearm violence.
George Mason University professors Niyati Dhokai, Jatin Ambegaonkar, Gay Hanna, Kyla Christensen-Szalanski, and Gwen Baraniecki-Zwil will create an interface to connect the military, arts organizations, healthcare services, and communities. The project aims to improve support for veterans through creative forces.
A new study reveals the United States is a top source of plastic pollution in coastal environments, contributing up to 2.25 million metric tons of plastics. The country's high plastic waste generation and lack of effective recycling practices are major contributors to this problem.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University argue that remdesivir is justified for compassionate use in severely ill patients with COVID-19 due to its potential benefits in reducing recovery time. Despite FDA approval, the current evidence base supports the use of other proven preventive strategies such as social distancing and masking.
Dr. Thea James has been recognized with the inaugural Dr. Thea James Social Emergency Medicine Lifetime Achievement Award, created in her honor. The award recognizes her outstanding contribution to advancing social emergency medicine and improving health equity through her work.
A new study sheds light on human responses to climate change in ancient Turkey, revealing local evidence of resilience and flourishing societies despite changes in the region. The research provides a significant new dataset that helps address questions about societal responses to proposed climate change.
Researchers found that cavefish exhibit reduced response probability, slower latency, and altered kinematics compared to surface fish. The study provides insight into the evolution of escape behaviors in Mexican cavefish and highlights the importance of ecological differences in shaping neural circuits.
A new Northwestern University-led study reveals that disdain for the opposing political party now outweighs affection for one's own party, describing a phenomenon called 'political sectarianism'. The researchers identify three key ingredients of this trend: seeing the other side as different, dislikeable, and immoral.
A study revealed that individual differences can be detected in same-shaped pottery vessels, with greater variation during the formation process than in the finished form. Researchers used video footage and hand movement analysis to identify unique patterns, shedding light on how individuals adapt traditional skills.
Research from the American College of Cardiology found that high consumption of both sugary and artificially sweetened drinks is associated with a higher risk of heart disease. The study analyzed data from over 104,000 participants and found that consuming either type of beverage increased the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Researchers found that the 2020 election has less of a tilt to Republicans than in 2016, and that a close popular vote margin could lead to either outcome. The study suggests Biden may not need as large a popular vote margin as Clinton did in 2016.
A research team at RIT won a Catalyst Award for their project using a smart toilet seat to provide in-home monitoring of critical health data. The system detects heart rates, blood flow, and oxygenation, providing near real-time information to physicians.
A new study by NYU College of Dentistry found that half of US dentists experienced verbal or reputational aggression in the past year, while nearly a quarter endured physical aggression. The rates of patient aggression toward dentists are high and comparable with those reported in other health care settings.
A study by American College of Surgeons found that watch-and-wait strategy is an option for select patients with stages I to III rectal cancer. The approach, which skips operation, shows similar results in terms of local regrowth and disease-specific survival rates compared to surgical treatment.
A study examines Electoral College bias in US presidential elections and finds the system may not exhibit long-term partisan bias. The analysis suggests that the 2020 Electoral College bias is likely to tilt Republican but to a lesser extent than in 2016, depending on popular vote results.
A new time dilation phenomenon, known as quantum time dilation, has been predicted by researchers combining quantum mechanics and Einstein's theory of relativity. This effect can impact high-precision atomic clocks, leading to corrections in their accuracy.
A new method called SPOTlight allows for the isolation of single live cells with unique profiles from heterogenous populations. The platform uses a digital micromirror device to give individual cells a long-lasting tag, enabling researchers to observe cellular dynamics and subcellular structures over time.
Researchers from FAU's College of Engineering and Computer Science are developing new theory and methods to curate training data sets for AI learning and screen real-time operational data for safe field deployment. The project aims to identify faulty, unusual and irregular information for AI operations.
The study aims to examine the effects of gestational exposure to endocrine disruptors on fetal development in African American and white mothers. It will also explore health disparities in fetal developmental outcomes by race, with the goal of addressing significant gaps in understanding the impact of these chemicals.
A new study by researchers from Florida Atlantic University and Geisinger shows that electronic health records can help pinpoint patients with opioid use disorder. By analyzing EHR data, researchers were able to identify more patients with moderate-to-severe opioid use disorder than relying on diagnostic codes alone.
A new study by University of Houston researchers found that negatively presented information and 'Mr. Deadly COVID-19' scary face can significantly strengthen the message, increasing compliance with physical distancing guidelines. The study suggests using preventive language to persuade consumers to avoid close contact.
Research from Michigan State University and Ohio State University found that empowerment initiatives can be effective when implemented by leaders who value being respected, but can lead to micromanaging and decreased motivation when led by those who prioritize control. The study suggests that candid conversations between employees and ...
Researchers found that several nasal and oral rinses had a strong ability to neutralize human coronavirus, suggesting these products could reduce virus spread by COVID-19-positive individuals. The 1% baby shampoo solution inactivated over 99.9% of the virus after a two-minute contact time.
A recent study of over 7,000 patients with congenital heart defects found that these individuals had a lower-than-expected risk of developing moderate or severe COVID-19 symptoms. However, patients with certain genetic syndromes and those with advanced disease were more likely to develop severe symptoms.
A new George Mason University study found that supersized alcopops are linked to higher levels of hostility and risk-taking among adults on probation who experience homelessness or gang affiliation. The research calls for better regulation of these products to reduce dangerous alcohol consumption.
A new study by George Mason University found that most college students (88%) would use STI self-testing services if available, and 59% prefer private testing at Student Health Services. The study suggests increasing STI testing among students could lead to better health outcomes.
Researchers will analyze stem cell activation with a focus on identifying novel mechanisms for how immature eye cells become mature visual cells. The goal is to develop regenerative therapies for diseases such as cataract, retinal degeneration, and heart disease.
Researchers have found that an amino acid called D-serine could prevent a type of epileptic seizure by blocking receptors in the brain. The study, published in Nature Communications, suggests that D-serine levels are depleted in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, leading to neuronal death and loss of function.
Researchers quantify total cell inventories under in situ conditions using non-biased visualization methods. The study reveals that about 1 percent of microbial cells in the ocean surface microlayer inhabit plastic debris globally, disrupting native flora and representing a regime shift for these habitats.
A new study by the University of Michigan and Texas State University found that more college-age Americans are abstaining from alcohol, with a significant decrease in alcohol misuse. However, the study also shows an increase in marijuana use and co-use of alcohol and marijuana.
The UC Davis SEED Scholar program will provide a four-year, fully integrated college experience for students with intellectual disabilities. The program aims to create a model for inclusive education and offers a range of academic, social, and internship opportunities.
Researchers found X-rays continuing to radiate from the collision long after models predicted they would stop. The study suggests possible explanations for the long-lived X-ray emissions, including a new feature of the collision's afterglow or the presence of a remnant neutron star.
Researchers have found that dopamine and serotonin, traditionally linked to reward processing, also integrate perceptions with actions, influencing how people perceive the world. This discovery could provide new insights into psychiatric and neurological disorders.
Researchers have discovered a new method to repair defective fetal membranes using small bioengineered molecules, which could help prevent preterm birth. The study found that these molecules can self-assemble to form a plug that seals holes within the fetal membranes.
The report highlights the need for improved disease and pest management systems to address the vulnerability of lower-middle and low-income countries to pandemic-scale outbreaks. Agricultural producers face significant challenges, including reduced labor availability, supply chain disruptions, and under-funded research programs.
Researchers found the upper limit for the speed of sound to be around 36 km per second, which is faster than previously thought. This discovery has implications for various scientific fields, including materials science and condensed matter physics.
Researchers created an abstract language that describes protein molecules' shapes and structures, enabling predictions of their dynamics. This method uses machine learning algorithms to analyze molecular movements and provides insights into disease causes and targeted drug therapies.
The American College of Cardiology has announced the Hani Najm Global Scholar Awards, allowing two early career cardiologists to train in the US for four weeks. The awards are part of the ACC's Campaign for the Future, aiming to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease worldwide.
Researchers led by Dr. Alicia Allen will investigate how hormones influence postpartum opioid relapse and explore their potential use as a preventive measure. The goal is to identify protective hormones and develop a hormonally-based intervention to prevent postpartum opioid relapse.
A new method for processing large volumes of COVID-19 tests uses simple algebraic equations to identify positive samples and take advantage of 'pooling' technique. This allows more patients to be tested with the same number of test tubes, reducing testing time and false negatives.
Researchers found that teenagers diagnosed with depression show a significant decline in educational attainment, especially in GCSEs. Targeted support for children struggling with depression could benefit vulnerable groups, such as boys and those from disadvantaged backgrounds.
NURTURES, an early childhood STEM education program, will be offered to 135 teachers, 2,700 students, and 10,800 military-connected family members nationwide. The program aims to enhance teaching and learning in pre-K-through-third-grade STEM subjects.
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine discovered that IL-21 is critical for the development of effective immune responses to chronic infections in the central nervous system. Injecting IL-21 into cerebrospinal fluid reduced deficiencies in mice with impaired CD4 T-cell production and gene expression related to TRM cells.
A survey report in the Journal of Healthcare Management finds that women executives are less likely to see employers as gender-neutral in hiring and promotion. The results show little improvement in these outcomes since 1990, highlighting a persistent gap between men's and women's perceptions of healthcare workplaces.
The study found that non-physician team members, particularly Army reservists, spent more time treating patients in civilian centers than active duty members. The researchers highlighted the importance of integrating active duty FRST members into civilian trauma centers to provide optimal training and care before deployment.
A nationwide analysis suggests that pregnant women who undergo immediate surgery for ruptured or abscessed appendix have significantly better outcomes than those managed without an operation. Immediate surgery reduces the risk of serious complications, including loss of the fetus and mother's death.
A study using GIS found that public transportation burden disproportionately affects minority communities, increasing travel time by nearly double for those without access to a vehicle. This can lead to increased risk of emergent surgical interventions.
Researchers found that virtual follow-up visits for surgical patients spend the same amount of time with surgeons as in-person visits, discussing post-operative recovery. Patients value convenience and flexibility, with reduced wait times and increased satisfaction rates compared to traditional in-person visits.
A beta test of the American College of Surgeons Geriatric Surgery Verification Program has revealed reduced rates of post-surgery delirium and shorter hospital stays among older veterans. The study involved 186 patients, with significant improvements in functional health and cognitive decline postoperatively.
Researchers developed AI models that accurately predict treatment needs and medical interventions for motor vehicle crash victims, and identified key factors that affect survival after liver transplantation. The models achieved high accuracy rates, outperforming human manual reviews in streamlining decision-making at the point of care.