Articles tagged with Memory Disorders
Researchers found that the hippocampus processes contextual memories, while the anterior cingulate cortex handles unpleasant stimuli. The amygdala consolidates both contextual and unpleasant information, suggesting a fragmented processing of memories.
New research suggests that the hippocampus plays a crucial role in recognizing familiar and recalling specific details, contradicting recent findings. The study used six memory-impaired patients with localized hippocampal damage to test verbal recognition memory, finding that recognition accuracy was identical between groups.
A study by cognitive psychologists Helga Noice and Tony Noice found that actors acquire lines quickly by focusing on the character's intention, rather than just memorizing the words. This 'active experiencing' principle is effective not only for actors but also for improving memory and cognition in older adults.
Activation of protein kinase A (PKA) solidifies fear memory in the brain, according to Yale researchers. The study found that selective PKA activation enhances reconsolidation and strengthens previously established fearful memories.
Researchers found that visual details are retained in working memory despite distractions, contradicting the idea of information loss. The study suggests a specialized system for processing real scenes, with implications for understanding development, aging, and attention disorders.
A 14-day study found that combining memory exercises, stress reduction, healthy diet, and physical fitness improved memory in older adults. Participants showed a 5% decrease in brain metabolism and better performance on cognitive tasks.
A study found that early cognitive deficits in premature infants, such as poorer attention and recognition memory, fully account for lower cognitive scores at 2- and 3-years-old. The researchers also discovered a cascade of effects where speed influenced memory, which then impacted general cognitive ability.
A study by the University of Florida found that moderately active rats have healthier DNA and more robust brain cells than their sedentary counterparts. Regular mild exercise can prevent oxidative damage, which is believed to contribute to memory loss and cognitive decline with age.
Researchers found that people with early dementia tend to rely more on familiar information pathways due to poor attentional control. This can lead to struggles with everyday tasks that require processing multiple pieces of information.
Research reveals that accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides depletes key memory proteins in specific brain regions, worsening disease progression. Increasing Fyn activity further exacerbates this effect, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's treatment.
A new study by UCI researchers found that early life emotional stress can lead to deficits in brain-cell communication for learning and memory function, even in adulthood. Infants subjected to limiting nesting material in cages exhibited behavioral changes later in life, including difficulties with memory and recognition.
A new study at UNC reveals that retired professional football players have a 37% higher risk of Alzheimer's disease due to concussions. The study found that history of recurrent concussions and sub-concussive contacts may be risk factors for late-life memory impairment, mild cognitive impairment, and early expression of Alzheimer's dis...
Lipman Hearne researcher will receive a $500,000 MacArthur grant for their groundbreaking work on learning and memory functions. The award recognizes exceptional originality and dedication to their creative pursuits.
A study found that HIV-infected patients with mild memory loss who used the Disease Management Assistance System (DMAS) Jerry took their medication 80% of the time, compared to 65% without it. This improvement was seen in both normal and memory-impaired patients.
Researchers found that older adults' brains have trouble filtering out distracting information, leading to memory impairment. The study provides a new diagnostic tool for attention and memory problems in both young and old individuals.
A new study by UCI neurobiologists suggests that the brain uses a unique coding system to store memories. When this code is used, information is stored in more brain cells, resulting in stronger memories. However, if the code is not used, memories may be weaker due to fewer neurons involved.
A recent study published in Current Directions in Psychological Science found that hearing loss in older adults can compromise cognitive resources for memory. The research suggests that the extra effort needed to comprehend words detracts from the cognitive processes involved in memorization. This highlights the importance of sensitivi...
Researchers discovered that children with Nonverbal Learning Disability (NLD) struggle to recognize faces, particularly immediately after seeing them. The study's findings open up new avenues for research into this condition, which affects less than 1% of the population.
Researchers studied two human volunteers with amnesia who could learn simple object discrimination tasks through repetition and habit learning. The volunteers' ability to select the correct item improved over time, suggesting that humans have a capacity for habit memory that is independent of conscious memorization.
Researchers at the Queensland Brain Institute have identified a key protein involved in regulating emotions and memories. Blocking this protein enhanced connections between cells in the amygdala, potentially leading to novel treatment strategies for anxiety disorders and other mental health conditions.
Researchers at U of MN successfully reversed memory loss in mice with dementia, using a transgene to halt disease progression and even increase tangles. This breakthrough study suggests that reversing effects of memory loss may be possible in humans.
Researchers found that transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is as effective as electro-shock therapy in alleviating severe depression. However, TMS has fewer side effects, particularly memory impairment. Patients treated with TMS showed significant improvement in mood without affecting the hippocampus.
Researchers found that participants with a thicker ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) were less anxious when viewing images associated with discomfort, suggesting a protective factor against anxiety disorders. The study's results may inform the development of exposure-based therapies for anxiety disorders.
The Targacept compounds demonstrate a long-lasting effect on cognition by normalizing acetylcholine levels, a key neurotransmitter for cognitive processing. This mechanism of action suggests potential treatment for CNS disorders such as dementia, depression, and pain.
A new study found that ramelteon helped adults with chronic insomnia fall asleep faster and sleep longer, while also demonstrating no abuse potential or behavioral impairment. Ramelteon works by targeting two brain receptors, MT1 and MT2, to regulate the body's circadian rhythms.
A new study found that even short-term chronic alcohol consumption can lead to long-lasting cognitive deficits in mice. Researchers fed mice an alcohol or sucrose diet for eight weeks, followed by a three-week withdrawal period, and found that learning and memory tests showed deficits in all types of tasks.
Researchers found that combining SGS742 with Aricept improves memory in rats by altering gene control machinery involved in long-term memory consolidation. The combination therapy protocol may provide a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease symptoms and improve patient quality of life.
A study by K-State researcher Elizabeth Cady found that familiar songs act as strong memory cues, regardless of whether participants heard the song or saw only the lyrics, photo or title. The study used 124 participants who chose a song from lists of popular music from different periods of their lives.
Studies found that mice conditioned to associate beeps with safety showed reduced 'freeze' responses and increased exploration, suggesting a neural overlap between safety and danger processing. The researchers suggest that targeting these mechanisms could lead to new treatments for psychiatric disorders involving anxiety and addiction.
The American Academy of Neurology presented Leeza Gibbons with the Public Leadership in Neurology Award for her advocacy work on Alzheimer's disease. Her foundation, Leeza's Place, provides community-based locations offering comfort, education, and care to those affected by memory disorders.
Researchers found that a deficiency in growth hormone and IGF-1 reduced cancer and kidney disease risk, but impaired cognitive function and accelerated cartilage degeneration. Lifelong treatment with growth hormone actually increased lifespan by up to 14.6%.
A UCI research team identified beta amyloid accumulation within neurons as the trigger for Alzheimer's memory decline in mice. By clearing away excess beta amyloid, they were able to correct memory impairments. The findings have implications for developing drugs targeting beta amyloid.
The UT Southwestern Medical Center has begun using telemedicine for periodic checkups with Choctaw Nation patients in Oklahoma. This allows doctors to assess disease progression and medication side effects remotely, reducing travel time and increasing convenience.
A study found that rats infected with E. coli as newborns had impaired memory in adult life when exposed to an immune challenge. The researchers suggested that this may be due to altered cytokine production and changes in brain architecture, potentially linking early-life infections to later disease susceptibility.
A study found that healthy older adults with the e-4 allele of the ApoE gene exhibit significantly worse prospective memories, struggling to remember tasks even when instructed to do so. The findings suggest a strong impact of genetic variation on cognitive function and recommend reevaluating the role of ApoE in cognition.
Researchers found that people with higher anxiety tend to react more quickly to fearful faces, indicating heightened emotional vigilance. The study also pinpoints the basolateral region of the amygdala as crucial for unconscious processing of threats.
A recent study identified lemons and lilac as among the top 10 smells that can predict Alzheimer's Disease. The study analyzed smell identification test results from patients with Alzheimer's disease and healthy elderly subjects, revealing a strong link between the inability to identify specific odors and the development of the disease.
Research found that toxic amyloid ß-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs) specifically attack and disrupt synapses in the brain, leading to memory loss in Alzheimer's patients. Understanding how ADDLs target specific neurons and synapses could lead to new therapeutic drugs capable of reversing memory loss.
Researchers found that brief treatment with rolipram improved memory and cognitive function in both young and older mice, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits. The study also showed that the effects of treatment lasted for at least two months after treatment ended.
Researchers found that mice with enhanced neuronal excitability outperformed their wild-type counterparts in the Morris water maze, a test for learning and memory. The study suggests that manipulating neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity may be effective in ameliorating age-related cognitive decline.
A study found that people with multiple sclerosis who took an Alzheimer's medication showed significant improvements in memory and cognitive function compared to those taking a placebo. The treatment had no serious side effects, but its long-term effectiveness remains unknown.
Researchers have connected neuregulin-1 and postsynaptic density protein-95 to memory and hearing loss, suggesting that these proteins may play a crucial role in neural development and communication. The study's findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying age-related cognitive decline and hearing loss.
A team of researchers from the University of Arizona used fMRI to investigate how brains recognize faces and retrieve associated names. They found that specific areas, including the medial prefrontal cortex, showed activation during 'feeling-of-knowing' states, suggesting additional processes aid in recalling accurate memories.
Recent animal studies suggest that high-fat diets can impair memory and cognitive function, increasing the risk of age-related cognitive impairment. Diets rich in saturated fats and sugar may worsen cognitive losses due to stress and sleep apnea.
A study by Yale University found that estrogen has no impact on memory in mice living in enriched environments, but improves spatial memory in those with standard conditions. The results suggest that estrogen benefits mice from un-stimulating environments more than those raised in stimulating ones.
A recent study published in Epilepsia found that selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SAH) surgery can lead to verbal memory loss in patients, especially those who underwent left temporal lobe surgery. The study revealed that 30% to 50% of patients who underwent SAH on the left side showed no recovery of verbal memory after 12 months.
Scientists have found a new form of long-term memory T cell that can combat leishmaniasis even without the parasite's presence. This discovery may lead to an effective vaccine against this disease and others mediated by immune cells.
Researchers created new memories in subjects and studied their recall in the laboratory using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). They found that recalling autobiographical memories activated similar brain areas as laboratory memories, but also distinct self-referential processing regions. This study provides new insights int...
A UCLA study found that a diet rich in DHA, an omega-3 fatty acid, dramatically reduces the impact of the Alzheimer's gene and prevents synaptic brain damage. Consuming more DHA can be easily controlled through food choices such as fish, eggs, or supplements.
A study of 250 patients aged over 55 will examine whether prescribing GPs a supplement can help those with memory loss. Gingko may slow down dementia's degenerative process through improving blood flow and thinning the blood.
A new Mayo Clinic study finds that CABG surgery is not a risk factor for dementia, but patients may experience cognitive decline due to surgical complications. The study took an innovative approach by starting with dementia cases and comparing them to non-demented control groups.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine presented multiple studies highlighting the relationship between stress and Alzheimer's disease severity, as well as identifying predictive brain changes. These findings may lead to improved treatments and early detection methods for the devastating disease.
Researchers are using primate behavioral memory tasks and infrared eye-tracking technology to identify patients with mild cognitive impairment. The study aims to detect impaired memory in humans before major brain damage occurs.
Researchers used MRI to study myelin insulation in brain connections, finding they deteriorate three times faster in older adults with Alzheimer's disease. This breakdown disrupts brain function and leads to cognitive decline.
The new Center will integrate resources between clinical and basic research programs to enhance understanding of dementia, improve diagnostics, and develop new treatments. The Center will focus on both Alzheimer's disease and non-Alzheimer's forms of dementia.
Researchers discover that drugs already being tested for cancer and Huntington's disease may help restore some memory capability to patients with RTS, a heritable disorder characterized by mental and growth retardation. The study found that restoring acetylation activity alleviates memory problems in mutant mice.
A new study found that the brain's amygdala interacts with memory-related brain regions during emotional memory formation, contributing to its emotional resonance. The researchers discovered a significant correlation between activity in emotion- and memory-related brain regions during emotional memory formation.
Scientists discovered that certain brain systems remain intact in individuals with Alzheimer's disease, enabling the retention of implicit memory capabilities. Structured training programs may be an effective approach to improving cognitive function.
Research reveals that autistic children can access and analyze musical details more readily than typically developing children. A subgroup of participants achieved impressive scores, even without prior musical training.
Researchers recorded activity of individual hippocampal neurons as monkeys retrieved well-learned information from memory, finding stronger response to familiar stimuli. The study provides strong evidence for a memory signal specific to well-learned information and may inform treatments for Alzheimer's Disease.