Articles tagged with Memory Disorders
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TGen researchers used the Affymetrix 500K array to identify a genetic variation associated with human memory performance. The study found that certain alleles of the Kibra gene were consistently present in individuals with good memory, but not those with poor memory.
Researchers at the Salk Institute found that fisetin stimulates signaling pathways that enhance long-term memory in healthy mice. Fisetin was shown to induce differentiation of neural cells and activate a signaling pathway involved in memory formation, called long-term potentiation.
Scientists found that higher levels of acetylcholine during learning correlate with more detailed memories. The discovery could have implications for treating memory-related disorders.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered that a natural stress hormone corticosterone can decrease the fearful response associated with reliving traumatic memories in mice. The study showed that this hormone enhances new memories competing with fearful memories, thereby decreasing their negative emotional significance.
Researchers found that severely impaired patients taking rivastigmine showed significant improvement in attention and verbal memory test scores compared to placebo-treated patients. Rivastigmine was also found to be safe and well-tolerated with common side effects including nausea and dizziness.
A study of 120 older adults found significant memory problem complainants had reduced gray matter density in the brain, even without a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment. This suggests that memory complaints may indicate an early 'pre-MCI' stage of dementia.
Researchers found that anticipation can fire up two brain regions - amygdala and hippocampus - even before the event occurs, strengthening memories of disturbing events. This study has important implications for treating conditions like PTSD and social anxiety.
Scientists at SUNY Downstate Medical Center discovered a molecular mechanism maintaining memories in the brain by inhibiting a specific enzyme, protein kinase M zeta. This finding may have applications in treating chronic pain and memory loss conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder.
Researchers found that increasing brain levels of the enzyme ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (Uch-L1) can reverse lapses of memory in Alzheimer's mice. This suggests that Uch-L1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and could be a new target for therapy.
Researchers at Columbia University Medical Center have successfully restored normal memory and synaptic function in mice suffering from Alzheimer's disease. By increasing the levels of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (Uch-L1), they were able to improve the animals' ability to create new memories.
Researchers continue studying aging and cognition decline with a $6.2 million grant to investigate biological changes that contribute to age-related cognitive decline. The study will focus on hormones such as human growth hormone and IGF-1, which have shown to improve learning and memory in older animals.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis used brain imaging to identify the most effective memory techniques, finding that visual inspection and verbal elaboration improved memory performance. The study also found individual differences in learning strategies were associated with distinct brain activity patterns.
A study found that patients with somatization syndrome incorrectly remember the likelihood of medical explanations for their symptoms. Doctors can reduce this bias by asking patients for summaries about what they've been told, benefiting both patients and the healthcare system.
Researchers at UC Irvine discovered that a class of drugs called ampakines can reverse age-related memory loss by increasing the production of a naturally occurring protein in the brain. The study showed that even after the drug left the body, its effects on memory formation persisted.
Researchers developed an unobtrusive activity assessment system to track daily activity patterns of elderly individuals, detecting subtle changes that may indicate early signs of dementia. The study found significant differences in walking times and variability between healthy elders and those with mild cognitive impairment.
Researchers studied participants under the influence of midazolam and a saline placebo to understand memory formation. They found that recollection was impaired by midazolam, while familiarity remained unaffected.
A new Mayo Clinic study finds that executive function, including concentration, decision-making, and higher-order problem solving, deteriorates after memory decline in Alzheimer's disease progression. This decline can cause people to become more impaired in daily activities.
Researchers discovered that women who develop dementia experience a decline in weight up to 10 years before memory loss. The study found that the brains of these women underwent changes before the onset of symptoms, potentially linked to postmenopausal hormonal changes or other factors.
The study found altered functionality in both the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, suggesting a breakdown in communication between these regions. This may lead to new diagnostic and preventive strategies for detecting early AD.
Researchers are investigating how type 2 diabetes affects brain function and memory. The Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study aims to identify risk factors linked to altered brain function in people with diabetes, which could inform the cause of diabetes-related memory problems.
Researchers found that leptin affects brain processes, improving learning and long-term memory in mice. Low levels of leptin may also be related to cognitive deficits in disorders like type two diabetes.
A new study found that Enablex, a prescription medication for overactive bladder (OAB), did not cause significant memory impairment in healthy adults aged 60 and older. In contrast, the alternative treatment Ditropan XL caused noticeable memory deterioration, despite the patients being unaware of this change.
A study of 1,271 elderly patients found that those with a history of stroke showed a more rapid decline in memory and cognitive abilities, particularly among men. The association was stronger in individuals without the APOE4 allele, which is linked to Alzheimer's disease.
A study of adults with memory complaints found greater complaints were associated with global brain decline over two years. Those with the Alzhiemer's disease genetic risk factor showed more pronounced declines in temporal regions linked to memory functions.
The study found that explicit and implicit memory are strongly linked during encoding of new information, as measured by brain signal patterns. Researchers observed a reduction in brain activation when photos were viewed again, indicating repetition attenuation and a signature of implicit memory.
Researchers found that individuals with Korsakoff Syndrome retain visual learning ability despite explicit memory impairment. Visuoperceptual learning, a component of implicit memory, was shown to be preserved in KS patients.
A research team at Johns Hopkins University has identified a protein complex in the brain that causes cognitive decline and memory loss, providing a potential target for drug development. This discovery may help prevent Alzheimer's disease, which affects millions of Americans.
University of Minnesota researchers have identified a specific protein complex linked to memory loss and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. The discovery may lead to targeted drug development to prevent the disease from harming the brain.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have identified a new cell type called Blanes cells that play a critical role in shaping the output of the olfactory system. These cells selectively communicate with granule cells, leading to a disproportionate impact on the olfactory system's functioning.
A study published in Archives of Neurology found that cognitive impairment is common in ALS patients, affecting 30% of those studied. Nearly a quarter (23%) of these patients met criteria for dementia, with no significant differences in demographic or disease severity observed.
A team of researchers from UCI has identified a new form of superior memory syndrome, hyperthymestic syndrome, in a 40-year-old woman known as AJ. The study found that AJ's memory is instant and deeply personal, related to her own life or to other events that were of interest to her.
A new study at Brandeis University found that middle-aged and older adults who believe they can control their memory performance do so better. The study used mnemonic strategies to enhance memory performance in adults aged 21-83.
UCI researchers found a compound, AF267B, reduces hallmark lesions and improves cognitive function in genetically modified mice. The compound mimics the effects of acetylcholine and binds to M1 receptors, preventing beta-amyloid production and accumulating tangles.
Researchers found that directly reactivated memories are vulnerable to disruption, but associated memories remain unaffected. This study may pave the way for novel treatments of traumatic memories.
The $60 million ADNI study aims to identify biological markers for memory decline and Alzheimer's disease, utilizing serial MRI scans, PET scans, and biomarker measurements. Researchers will compare data from 800 adults aged 55-90 to develop standards for tracking memory decline progression.
A study by University of Rochester Medical Center researchers found no evidence of strictly memory problems in middle-aged women, but a correlation between forgetfulness and learning difficulties. The team suggests that stress, anxiety, and mood distress may contribute to perceived memory issues.
Researchers found that the hippocampus processes contextual memories, while the anterior cingulate cortex handles unpleasant stimuli. The amygdala consolidates both contextual and unpleasant information, suggesting a fragmented processing of memories.
New research suggests that the hippocampus plays a crucial role in recognizing familiar and recalling specific details, contradicting recent findings. The study used six memory-impaired patients with localized hippocampal damage to test verbal recognition memory, finding that recognition accuracy was identical between groups.
A study by cognitive psychologists Helga Noice and Tony Noice found that actors acquire lines quickly by focusing on the character's intention, rather than just memorizing the words. This 'active experiencing' principle is effective not only for actors but also for improving memory and cognition in older adults.
Activation of protein kinase A (PKA) solidifies fear memory in the brain, according to Yale researchers. The study found that selective PKA activation enhances reconsolidation and strengthens previously established fearful memories.
Researchers found that visual details are retained in working memory despite distractions, contradicting the idea of information loss. The study suggests a specialized system for processing real scenes, with implications for understanding development, aging, and attention disorders.
A 14-day study found that combining memory exercises, stress reduction, healthy diet, and physical fitness improved memory in older adults. Participants showed a 5% decrease in brain metabolism and better performance on cognitive tasks.
A study found that early cognitive deficits in premature infants, such as poorer attention and recognition memory, fully account for lower cognitive scores at 2- and 3-years-old. The researchers also discovered a cascade of effects where speed influenced memory, which then impacted general cognitive ability.
A study by the University of Florida found that moderately active rats have healthier DNA and more robust brain cells than their sedentary counterparts. Regular mild exercise can prevent oxidative damage, which is believed to contribute to memory loss and cognitive decline with age.
Researchers found that people with early dementia tend to rely more on familiar information pathways due to poor attentional control. This can lead to struggles with everyday tasks that require processing multiple pieces of information.
Research reveals that accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides depletes key memory proteins in specific brain regions, worsening disease progression. Increasing Fyn activity further exacerbates this effect, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's treatment.
A new study by UCI researchers found that early life emotional stress can lead to deficits in brain-cell communication for learning and memory function, even in adulthood. Infants subjected to limiting nesting material in cages exhibited behavioral changes later in life, including difficulties with memory and recognition.
A new study at UNC reveals that retired professional football players have a 37% higher risk of Alzheimer's disease due to concussions. The study found that history of recurrent concussions and sub-concussive contacts may be risk factors for late-life memory impairment, mild cognitive impairment, and early expression of Alzheimer's dis...
Lipman Hearne researcher will receive a $500,000 MacArthur grant for their groundbreaking work on learning and memory functions. The award recognizes exceptional originality and dedication to their creative pursuits.
A study found that HIV-infected patients with mild memory loss who used the Disease Management Assistance System (DMAS) Jerry took their medication 80% of the time, compared to 65% without it. This improvement was seen in both normal and memory-impaired patients.
Researchers found that older adults' brains have trouble filtering out distracting information, leading to memory impairment. The study provides a new diagnostic tool for attention and memory problems in both young and old individuals.
A new study by UCI neurobiologists suggests that the brain uses a unique coding system to store memories. When this code is used, information is stored in more brain cells, resulting in stronger memories. However, if the code is not used, memories may be weaker due to fewer neurons involved.
A recent study published in Current Directions in Psychological Science found that hearing loss in older adults can compromise cognitive resources for memory. The research suggests that the extra effort needed to comprehend words detracts from the cognitive processes involved in memorization. This highlights the importance of sensitivi...
Researchers discovered that children with Nonverbal Learning Disability (NLD) struggle to recognize faces, particularly immediately after seeing them. The study's findings open up new avenues for research into this condition, which affects less than 1% of the population.
Researchers studied two human volunteers with amnesia who could learn simple object discrimination tasks through repetition and habit learning. The volunteers' ability to select the correct item improved over time, suggesting that humans have a capacity for habit memory that is independent of conscious memorization.
Researchers at the Queensland Brain Institute have identified a key protein involved in regulating emotions and memories. Blocking this protein enhanced connections between cells in the amygdala, potentially leading to novel treatment strategies for anxiety disorders and other mental health conditions.
Researchers at U of MN successfully reversed memory loss in mice with dementia, using a transgene to halt disease progression and even increase tangles. This breakthrough study suggests that reversing effects of memory loss may be possible in humans.
Researchers found that transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is as effective as electro-shock therapy in alleviating severe depression. However, TMS has fewer side effects, particularly memory impairment. Patients treated with TMS showed significant improvement in mood without affecting the hippocampus.
Researchers found that participants with a thicker ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) were less anxious when viewing images associated with discomfort, suggesting a protective factor against anxiety disorders. The study's results may inform the development of exposure-based therapies for anxiety disorders.
The Targacept compounds demonstrate a long-lasting effect on cognition by normalizing acetylcholine levels, a key neurotransmitter for cognitive processing. This mechanism of action suggests potential treatment for CNS disorders such as dementia, depression, and pain.