Florida manatees face a deadly threat when water cools to 68 degrees Fahrenheit, leading to physiological events that weaken their immune systems. The discovery of cold stress syndrome's causes could improve treatment for affected manatees and inform plans to minimize power plant shutdowns' impact.
New research suggests that hot spots on Mars could be the key to finding signs of water and life on the planet. The study, led by Dr Hoffman, compares similarities between Antarctica's Mt Erebus ice towers and potential Martian structures, proposing a new focus for the search.
A comprehensive meta-analysis of 45 leadership studies found that women tend to use transformational leadership styles, which produce better worker performance and effectiveness. Women scored higher than men on one measure of transactional leadership and were more likely to be mentors and empower workers.
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is common among older men, affecting one-third of men aged 53-90, with increasing age being a significant risk factor. Modifiable health behaviors such as physical activity and leanness are associated with maintaining good erectile function.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have identified two enzymes in Methanococcus jannaschii that may predate the cell's use of ribosomes to build proteins. These discoveries provide insight into how peptides were formed before ribosomes, expanding our knowledge of gene function and the evolution of life.
A panel study will be conducted with 2,500 individuals across the nation, followed by interviews every three years until they reach age 65. The study aims to explore how religion and ethnicity shape social change and community development in the US.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded a nearly $5 million grant to the University of Pittsburgh's McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine. The project aims to develop tissue-engineered treatments that can help patients with heart failure regenerate their own components and repair damaged heart muscle.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center found that retinoids killed medulloblastoma cancer cells, both surgically removed and grafted onto mice. The compounds trigger cell death by activating a protein called BMP-2, which is critical for cell death in the nervous system.
Research finds exotic earthworms alter forest composition, reducing sugar maple seedling cover and plant species richness. Sedge species overpopulates, becoming difficult to control.
Researchers from Fox Chase Cancer Center have discovered a rare genetic mutation in PBGS enzyme, resulting in a drastic structural rearrangement. This change can lead to the production of new protein complexes and potentially develop novel herbicides or antibacterial agents.
A study finds nearly four percent of US adolescents report PTSD symptoms, while 7.4% experience major depression and 8.2% substance abuse/dependence. Interpersonal violence increases risk for these mental health disorders in adolescents.
A study reveals that elderly humans and patients with Alzheimer's disease exhibit increased T cell reactivity towards Abeta, a protein linked to the aging process. This selective increase in Abeta-reactivity has implications for developing Abeta vaccines and may be connected to disease susceptibility and progression.
Researchers identified a new gene, inversin, associated with nephronophthisis type 2, a deadly kidney disease in children. The discovery may lead to treatments and connections between the childhood disease and adult polycystic kidney disease.
Research suggests that a mutation in a tyrosine kinase receptor gene, when combined with aml1-eto gene mutation, can cause acute myeloid leukemia in mice. This discovery raises the possibility of new treatments targeting these genes to control the disease.
A new theory suggests that human metabolism operates like a pinball machine, influencing drug toxicity and disease development. The researchers used metabonomics to study global human metabolism and its interactions with drugs, environment, and gut microflora.
A new study finds that NASA's Space Interferometry Mission (SIM) can detect habitable planets near significantly more massive stars than the sun. The satellite will use interferometry to measure the position of stars and detect tiny wobbles caused by orbiting planets.
A recent study of 4,320 schoolchildren found that stress leads to unhealthy dietary habits, including a preference for fatty foods and snacks, while ignoring recommended daily intake of fruits and vegetables. This could have long-term consequences, such as increased risk of obesity, heart disease, and Type 2 diabetes in adulthood.
Researchers found that physicians who cared for patients for longer periods experienced stronger emotional reactions, especially among female doctors. The study highlights a need for medical education systems to address emotions related to patient deaths.
A lawyer warns US physicians that treating detainees labeled as 'unlawful combatants' may go against their ethical code. The 1949 Third Geneva Convention entitles these prisoners to basic human rights, but the US government's label is unrecognized in International Humanitarian Law.
Researchers measured DNA's torsional stiffness, finding it 40% more resistant than previously reported. This breakthrough enables understanding of energy costs and mechanical behavior in biological processes.
Scientists have identified a signal that triggers half of the stem cells in the developing brain to commit suicide at a certain point in development. This finding may one day help victims of devastating brain diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and stroke by understanding cell death and potential recovery mechanisms.
A new study found that sexually active young women perceive themselves at low risk for contracting STDs, despite having similar risk profiles as women in higher-risk groups. The researchers highlight the need for healthcare clinicians to address these misconceptions and promote safer sex practices.
A study by Duke University Medical Center scientists shows that feeding pregnant mice common nutritional supplements can change the coat color of their offspring and reduce disease susceptibility. The extra nutrients altered gene expression without changing the genes themselves, using a process called DNA methylation.
The revised standards recommend systems to remind physicians and patients of immunization due dates, regular monitoring of immunization rates, and financial aid for those who cannot afford vaccination costs. These strategies aim to improve childhood and adult immunization coverage.
Researchers found that 8 out of 20 commonly used NSAIDs can selectively lower Abeta42 levels in mice, with flurbiprofen showing the most promise. Additionally, studies revealed increased T cell reactivity to Abeta protein in older humans and patients with Alzheimer's disease, which could inform the design of future vaccines.
Researchers found that meclofenamic acid and flurbiprofen, a currently clinical-trialled drug for prostate and colon cancer, effectively decreased Abeta42 levels by targeting gamma-secretase. This provides promising avenues for Alzheimer's treatment and furthers understanding of how NSAIDs impact AD.
Researchers found that the polychaete worm's jaws are hardened by zinc due to its high concentration towards the tip. The study reveals a new paradigm in nature and sparks ideas for materials science, potentially leading to lighter tires and protective coatings.
The MagiC VLIW processor is a revolutionary component that enables environment intelligence, allowing for flexible systems to interact with the surrounding environment. It has been successfully integrated into various applications, including audio conferencing and ecographic ultrasound scanners.
A new study by O.R. researchers finds Scandinavian countries exhibit shorter 'time-to-takeoff' for new products, while large European economies lag behind. The authors recommend a 'waterfall strategy' to introduce new products in select countries.
Researchers found that antidepressant treatment appears to preserve hippocampal volumes in depressed patients, compared to those who have not taken medication. The study suggests that using antidepressants whenever symptoms occur may help prevent long-term brain damage.
A large study of nearly 7,000 American adults found that higher vitamin C levels were associated with a lower prevalence of H. pylori infection. The researchers suggest that adequate vitamin C intake may reduce the risk of peptic ulcers and stomach cancer, although more research is needed to confirm this association.
Researchers engineered a strain of leishmania parasites without lipophosphoglycan, which increased their vulnerability to immune defenses. The findings could help develop new treatments for the deadly disease, affecting 12 million people worldwide.
Researchers have developed a new herpes-based AIDS vaccine that could help the immune system produce more infection-fighting antibodies and killer T-cells, potentially making it more effective. The vaccine uses an amplicon to deliver DNA from the AIDS virus, which is then amplified and used to trigger an immune response.
A study found that exercising in front of a mirror reduces women's energy, relaxation, and positivity. This effect persists even among those with good body image, suggesting mirrors may hinder physical activity motivation. The findings have implications for exercise promotion guidelines and the use of mirrors in workout centers.
A new study by Saint Louis University researchers found approximately 7.8 million Americans living with hyperhidrosis, which can cause anxiety, depression, isolation, and reduced quality of life. The study also revealed that axillary hyperhidrosis affects 4 million Americans, leading to feelings of less confidence and frustration.
Researchers at Duke University have successfully redesigned sensor proteins that can detect a range of molecules, including explosives like TNT and neurotransmitters. This breakthrough could lead to new technologies for monitoring diabetes and locating underwater robots.
A European study of over 20,000 deaths in six countries found that end-of-life decisions were common, with administration of drugs to hasten death varying significantly between countries. The study highlights the need for further exploration of end-of-life care practices and attitudes towards physician-assisted death.
The study reveals that nitric oxide alters protein interactions, leading to new insights into the underlying causes of disease and potential new therapies. The findings suggest that NO regulates a broad spectrum of cellular reactions, potentially underlining some disease symptoms.
A new study has found that a weekly regimen of paclitaxel and carboplatin is well-tolerated and effective in treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The treatment resulted in a response rate of 32% and median survival time of 49 weeks, with fewer side effects compared to standard regimens.
Researchers link tooth loss to subclinical atherosclerosis and increased carotid plaque buildup. The study suggests that chronic infection or inflammation of the gums may contribute to tooth loss.
A study by Frits Rosendaal and colleagues found that haemophilia carriers have a significantly lower risk of ischaemic heart disease, with a 36% decrease in overall mortality. This reduction in blood clotting may offer protection against heart attacks and has implications for future prevention strategies.
Researchers at UGA have identified a lipid-protein duo causing massive stem cell death during brain development, but also hinting at potential recovery mechanisms for devastating diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. The study reveals that this 'deadly couple' leads to the survival of cells destined to form neurons.
A study in Japan found that consuming raw Japanese deer meat may transmit Hepatitis E virus (HEV), a rare liver disease. The infected deer meat tested positive for HEV RNA, suggesting an animal route of transmission. This discovery adds the Sika deer to the list of foods with a risk of transmitting HEV.
Researchers have developed a DNA-based test to accurately distinguish great white sharks from other species, even when only dried fins or meat are available. This new test will help conservationists and fisheries managers better regulate and protect great whites, a species that has declined by up to 79% in the northwestern Atlantic.
Max Planck researchers found that reducing SK3 channel production in the hippocampus of aged mice prevented learning and memory deficits. The study provides new insight into the mechanisms of age-related cognitive decline and suggests a potential therapeutic approach.
A new gene expression profile test could identify which breast cancer patients are likely to respond to chemotherapy, helping reduce unproductive treatment and toxicity. The test uses biopsy samples from primary tumors before treatment and measures the tumor's response to docetaxel.
The Salk Institute's latest study, led by Joseph Ecker, provides a detailed map of Arabidopsis genes and their functions. The team has also identified key molecular pathways involved in ethylene gas signaling, which is crucial for plant growth, yield, and drought tolerance.
A study published by the American Sociological Association finds that campaign contributions and lobbying have limited impact on policy, with party lines and ideology playing a greater role. The average PAC donation to candidates is $1,700, which is not enough to win significant influence.
Researchers discover that the HAP1 protein plays a crucial role in brain damage caused by Huntington's disease. The protein's interaction with mutant huntingtin leads to apoptosis in neurons, particularly in the hypothalamus. This finding offers new hope for therapeutic strategies aimed at bolstering HAP1 function.
A recent study confirms oxaliplatin's safety in treating advanced colorectal cancer, with low rates of high-grade gastrointestinal side effects. The treatment regimen, combined with fluorouracil and leucovorin, showed improved results in patients who had previously failed first-line chemotherapy.
Research reveals that intense atmospheric jets triggered by strong winds can drive convection in the North Atlantic Ocean. This process increases the number of convection sites from two to three, significantly impacting the Atlantic climatic system.
Scientists have inactivated almost three-quarters of all genes in the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana, creating a public database of genome-wide gene mutations. The study provides significant new information on the function of individual and groups of genes.
Peter Lynds' paper challenges assumptions about determined instantaneous physical magnitude and time, proposing a necessary trade-off between precisely determined physical values and continuity through time. He addresses long-standing issues in physics, including cosmology and the role of imaginary time.
Innovation in biomedical research is being stifled by pharmaceutical companies' increased risk aversion. Small biotech firms, often spun off from universities, are taking on more risk to develop new drugs.
Researchers used transgenic mice to study CA4P's effect on choroidal neovascularization, finding it suppressed development and induced partial regression of established CNV. CA4P joins a growing list of drugs with potential as prophylactic agents for retinal and/or choroidal neovascularization.
A research team led by H. Ronald Kaback solved the three-dimensional structure of the bacterial membrane transport protein lacose permease (LacY), shedding light on its mechanism and function. The resulting structure revealed intricate interactions between amino acids, sugars, and protons, providing crucial insights into membrane trans...
A study published in Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery found that lengthening the Achilles tendon can reduce the recurrence of diabetic foot ulcers by up to 75% after seven months. The procedure, which involves stretching the tendon and immobilizing the foot for six weeks, also requires caution to prevent increased stress on the heel.
Scientists discovered protein chromodomains that recognize and bind to specific histone modifications, enabling the regulation of gene expression. This breakthrough could lead to improved treatments for cancer by targeting epigenetic mechanisms.
Researchers can now study specific gene function in Arabidopsis by quickly searching for and ordering genetically modified plants with knocked-out genes. Over 21,700 genes were identified as having been turned off using insertional mutagenesis, representing a significant advancement in understanding plant genome functions.
Anthony Hyman, group leader at Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, wins prestigious EMBO Gold Medal. His research focuses on microtubules' role in cell division, shedding light on their dynamics and functions.