Researchers at UNC identified two key genes involved in blood vessel development: BMPER and HOXB5. The study found that BMPER inhibits further differentiation of endothelial cells, while HOXB5 activates the endothelial cell program, increasing vessel formation.
Researchers found that loss of <i>H2AX</i> gene leads to increased genomic instability and cancer in mice. The study suggests that <i>H2AX</i> deficiency may be a major player in cancer-causing genomic instability, particularly in the context of human tumors with alterations in chromosome 11.
A recent study reports a correlation between declining vaccinations and increasing measles outbreak sizes in the UK. The reproductive number, measuring the spreadability of measles, has increased to approach endemic disease levels.
Scientists have developed a new adaptation of seismic reflection profiling to create detailed pictures of oceanic features, including eddies and internal waves. This technique has the potential to improve our understanding of ocean mixing and its role in climate modeling.
Researchers at Project A.L.S. have successfully tested a gene therapy approach that delays disease progression and prolongs survival in a mouse model of ALS. The treatment uses an adeno-associated viral vector to express the IGF1 protein, promoting neuronal survival.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine found that only 16% of pregnant women with parvovirus B19 exhibited symptoms, while 12% experienced fetal heart failure and 16% suffered fetal death. The study highlights the need for closer monitoring and counseling of high-risk patients.
A UCLA study discovered that fatigued breast cancer survivors have increased levels of circulating T lymphocytes and CD4+ T cells, which correlate with elevated inflammation markers. The findings suggest an immunologic basis for fatigue in breast cancer survivors.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that eight autistic children who participated in the Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI) program showed significant improvements in IQ scores and adaptive behavior. Six of the children achieved average IQ scores, while two improved to mild mental retardation.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified phosphatidylinositol 4 phosphate (PI4P) as the main regulator of membrane trafficking in the Golgi. This finding debunks a decade-old theory and provides insight into the vital process of cell survival.
Researchers found that injecting a gene producing insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) into muscles delayed disease onset by 31 days, preserved nerve cells, and reduced muscle wasting. This study may lead to a new, gene-based treatment for ALS affecting over 30,000 Americans.
A new study published in The Lancet found that the meningococcal C conjugate vaccine (MCCV) may increase relapse rates of nephrotic syndrome in children with kidney disease. The vaccine was introduced to all UK children under 18 years old in 1999, but subsequent monitoring revealed a 30% increase in relapses post-vaccination.
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) is seeking nominations for its Professorship in Basic Cancer Research, which provides a $50,000 grant for research expenses. The AACR-NFCR Professorship was established to honor Franklin and Tamara Salisbury and support cutting-edge basic cancer research.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins and Salk Institute develop gene therapy that slows progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating disease affecting thousands. In experiments with mice, injection of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) into muscles extends survival and improves strength.
The study improved forecast accuracy for a major winter snowstorm in Washington, D.C. and demonstrated the potential to enhance storm tracking and predict snowfall amounts.
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) is accepting nominations for several prestigious awards and lectureships, recognizing outstanding contributions in epidemiology, clinical cancer research, and preclinical research. The deadline for submissions is September 12, 2003.
A multicentre hospital-based case-control study found that transdermal estrogen replacement therapy is not associated with an increased risk of venous blood clots in postmenopausal women. In contrast, oral estrogen replacement therapy was linked to a significantly higher risk of developing venous thromboembolism.
Researchers found that antidepressants stimulate new neuron creation, which takes several weeks, and that this process is crucial for clinical response. The study also highlights the importance of specific serotonin receptors in regulating emotions.
Researchers found that genetic super-combinations from hybridization can create advantageous traits for survival and reproduction. They demonstrated a possible mechanism for rapid evolutionary change through replicating the births of three unusual species within a few generations.
Georgia Tech researchers develop packet-level simulation capable of modeling over 1 million web browsers in near real time. The breakthrough offers new capabilities for engineers and scientists to analyze large-scale computer networks and find solutions to Internet problems.
A Penn State study reveals that low-maintenance lawns harbor higher populations of beneficial arthropods, such as mites and collembolans, while high-maintenance lawns experience reduced diversity due to chemical applications and mowing.
Researchers discovered a genetic signature that identifies genes targeted by RNA editing, which is primarily confined to the nervous system across species. This breakthrough improves the value of existing genome sequences and may hasten neurological research.
A substantial increase in breast cancer risk is associated with combination hormone replacement therapy, particularly oestrogen-progestogen therapy. Current users of HRT have a 22% increased risk of death from breast cancer compared to never-users.
Researchers identify unsuspected gene C/EBP-beta as key mediator of cyclin D1 action in human tumors. The technique combines data from the Global Cancer Map and gene chips to pinpoint gene interactions that lead to cancer.
A Johns Hopkins study found that home visits from community health workers led to a 4.5 mmHg systolic and 4 mmHg diastolic blood pressure reduction, with the percentage of participants controlling their blood pressure doubling over three years.
Researchers discover new method to produce acetic acid directly from methane, reducing production costs and environmental impact. The breakthrough uses a palladium-based catalyst, but further development is needed to achieve commercial viability.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have identified a distinct pattern of protein expression that can predict poor or good lung cancer prognosis. The protein profile was used to analyze tiny amounts of tumor tissue and accurately distinguish between different types of lung cancer.
The study found that up to half of hospital-acquired infections are preventable and that many hospitals lack adequate resources to prevent these infections. The research highlights the need for improved infection control measures to protect patients and staff.
Researchers surveyed 183 households in five Mayan refugee camps, finding high prevalence of anxiety and depression among respondents. The study highlights the devastating effects of trauma and living in refugee camps on mental health, particularly among women.
Research suggests that early hominids lived in a more cooperative society than previously thought, with minimal sexual dimorphism and cooperating male behaviors. This challenges the idea of fierce competition among primates and instead reveals a social structure similar to modern humans and chimpanzees.
A study published in Psychosomatic Medicine found that women have higher levels of anxiety after a heart attack compared to men. The researchers also discovered that both men and women under age 60 reported higher anxiety levels, while older individuals experienced lower anxiety due to their expectation of illness.
Scientists at NIAID and USAMRIID developed a prime-boost vaccine strategy that protects monkeys from Ebola infection. The boost alone shows promise in offering quick but weaker immune response.
The Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) has announced the selection of nine Professorial Fellows, renowned scholars in their field, to pursue groundbreaking research. The fellowships aim to free these top researchers from administrative duties, allowing them to focus on producing high-quality research.
A recent study published in NEJM found that hormone replacement therapy does not effectively slow down the progression of atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women who already have cardiovascular disease. The study suggests that estrogen and progestin may not be effective in treating established coronary artery disease.
Researchers found that specific cells in the bird's brain become 'tuned' to what the bird is learning, responding strongly to familiar songs and motifs. The study suggests that experience modifies the brain to highlight important motifs, allowing birds to recognize individual songs.
Researchers found that FOXO plays a role in reducing the number of cells in developing fruit flies when insulin signalling is not present. This suggests that FOXO inhibits cell division to control body size.
A study published in the American Journal of Ophthalmology found that nearly 3.2 million women aged 50 and older in the US suffer from debilitating dry eye syndrome, which can lead to scarring, ulceration, and loss of vision. The disease is more common in women than men, with Hispanic and Asian women experiencing more severe symptoms.
Health food store employees frequently advise customers on unproven products for breast cancer treatment, raising concerns about patient safety. The high cost of these products, up to $600 per month, is also a significant burden on vulnerable patients.
Researchers measured the polarization of light emitted by supernova 2001el, detecting slight flattening at peak brightness, and later spherical symmetry. This discovery helps validate Type Ia supernovae as standard candles for cosmology.
Research suggests that cervical cancer vaccines may be less effective in women who are ovulating, due to fluctuations in antibody levels triggered by sex hormones. The study found higher antibody levels during the proliferative phase and lower levels around ovulation.
Consuming phytoestrogens found in plant foods like soy is associated with a reduced risk of endometrial cancer. Imiquimod has been shown to induce apoptosis in skin cancer cells, while an integrin polymorphism may increase cancer progression. The study on breast cancer survivors also found increased numbers of circulating T lymphocytes.
Researchers from Lehigh University and other institutions have found evidence suggesting that erosion and tectonic processes are contributing to the growth of the Himalayas. The study uses short- and long-term measurements, including seismological, geomorphic, and GPS data, to understand the geological processes at play.
The presentation highlights the impacts of major water restrictions and efforts toward community communication during severe droughts. Researchers explore the management of freshwater inflow criteria for affected regions, examining vulnerability to aquatic resources and allocation of water resources in South Africa.
The UNC-led trial is the first human test of an HIV vaccine pioneered at UNC. The vaccine targets cells in lymph nodes and induces an immune response by expressing a small section of genetic material from HIV, aiming to protect against disease if exposed. Researchers hope to refine the vaccine for subsequent generations.
A University of North Carolina study found that infant boys born to younger mothers and non-white mothers are disproportionately affected by shaken baby syndrome. The research estimated 306 child deaths per year from the condition, highlighting the need for increased awareness and preventive interventions among healthcare providers.
A new screening tool called STEPP helps predict posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children after a traumatic injury. The tool assesses event-related factors, physiological reactions, and psychological responses to identify at-risk children, allowing for early referral and intervention.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed an optical control technique that can enable the production of new types of microfluidic devices without etching channels. By using lasers to create complex patterns of varying-intensity light on a substrate material, differential heating can be achieved, resulting in thermocapillary action an...
Researchers have found that areas burned in forest fires may support more and healthier dogwoods due to increased light, heat, and airflow. Fire could potentially impede the spread of the fatal disease, dogwood anthracnose, by removing fungal-friendly conditions.
The UC Berkeley Museum of Vertebrate Zoology is conducting a new wildlife survey in Yosemite National Park, following the same transect as Joseph Grinnell and Tracey Storer's landmark survey between 1914 and 1920. The team aims to gather baseline data for comparison with historic species abundance and distribution.
A study by March of Dimes found that funded junior scientists were more likely to publish and contribute to scientific discoveries. The organization's grant program successfully invested in talented researchers who went on to make significant contributions.
The American Dietetic Association asserts that access to adequate nutrition is a fundamental human right, and that hunger continues to affect millions worldwide. The organization supports programs combating hunger and malnutrition, promoting food security and self-sufficiency.
Researchers found that a paclitaxel combination improved median and long-term survival rates for patients with early-stage SCLC. The treatment also reduced side effects compared to standard chemotherapy.
Recent research by Purdue University scientists suggests that the first building blocks of life were left-handed and that a single amino acid called serine set the standard eons ago. This led to all living things evolving using only amino acids of the left-handed variety, forcing other biological molecules to follow suit.
Researchers have made significant progress in understanding the behavior of materials at quantum critical points, a stage where materials change phases. The new classification system has shed light on the relationship between quantum criticality and high-temperature superconductivity.
Scientists tested a synthetic earthquake on a half-real building with conventional and simulated steel support columns. The experiment, called the 'Multi-Site Online Simulation Test,' used grid-linked machines to create a realistic simulation of an earthquake, producing a profusion of real-time data.
A new study from Penn State found that couples who lived together before marriage reported less happiness and more marital conflict than those who did not. The researchers suggest that personal characteristics and cohabitation experience play important roles in predicting marital quality and stability.
Researchers are using mobile radar to track wind patterns in Montana wildfires, enabling more accurate predictions of fire behavior and helping firefighters fight fires more efficiently. This technology has the potential to transform wildland fire monitoring and improve public safety.
Scientists discovered two green tea compounds, EGCG and EGC, that inhibit the aryl hydrocarbon (AH) receptor, a molecule linked to cancer. The findings suggest that green tea may exert its anti-cancer activity through multiple pathways.
Researchers have discovered a gene mutation associated with an eye disease that resembles age-related macular degeneration. The study, led by Michigan Medicine scientists, has found that the mutation in RDS can be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, affecting central vision and leading to permanent loss of vision.
A new study found that global warming can increase soil moisture in grasslands by up to 10% due to plant death and subsequent water retention. Researchers at Stanford University discovered this unexpected outcome despite climate models predicting drier conditions.
Researchers discover that estrogen deficiency triggers immune system activation, leading to increased T cell proliferation and bone loss. This finding could lead to the development of new drugs that prevent postmenopausal bone loss without affecting reproductive organs.