Researchers are developing a new imaging technique to detect tissue damage in breast cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy. Preliminary results show that the technique can identify changes in skin tissue days before severe reactions occur, potentially allowing for preventative treatment and improved patient outcomes.
Scientists at Michigan State University are developing robotic fish that use advanced materials to swim like fish and monitor water quality. The robots will carry sensors recording temperature, dissolved oxygen, pollutants, and harmful algae, providing a high spatial and temporal resolution of data.
Researchers found that patients are dissatisfied with the current system of receiving radiology test results, citing long delays and lack of detail. The study suggests that patients would prefer to have secure online access to their medical records, including detailed results, to improve their care experience.
Researchers observed the onset and stagnation of 3D magnetic reconnection in a lab experiment. The study reveals unexpected features not considered in 2D models, including asymmetric reconnection fields and forces.
Researchers re-examined 15 myths of gifted education first identified in 1982 and found that all still exist, with several new ones emerging. The study aims to stimulate critical thinking and creative research in the field by helping to 'shake loose' common myths.
The University of Delaware has received a $4.4 million grant from ARPA-E to develop stronger, more efficient permanent magnets for various industries. The project aims to identify new materials that can result in magnets twice as strong as current ones.
Long-term brain tumor survivors in childhood experience ongoing cognitive problems, with lower levels of education, employment, and income compared to siblings and other cancer survivors. Medical complications such as radiation and surgery also play a significant role in these impairments.
A study by Pitt researchers found that a free-radical scavenger, JP4-039, accelerated bone fracture healing in mice treated with the drug after radiation exposure. This could have significant implications for pediatric cancer patients vulnerable to late effects of radiation on bone growth and development.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded $67.4 million in EUREKA grants to support highly innovative research projects that promise significant scientific breakthroughs. These grants will fund research in various fields, including gene therapy for neurological diseases and the study of circadian clocks.
A randomized 10-year study found no significant differences in survival rates between women who received internal mammary chain radiation treatment and those who didn't. The study also showed that radiation treatments, even without additional IMC-RT, are still necessary for these patients.
A study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences identified a brain region that strongly reacts to emotional faces and voices. The research found that the posterior superior temporal sulcus responds supra-additively to simultaneous visual and auditory emotional stimuli.
A recent study published in Neurology reveals that nearly 42% of participants with frontotemporal dementia had some family history, while only 10% were affected by an autosomal dominant gene. The study also found that behavioral problems are more likely to be hereditary than language problems.
Scientists at MIT have discovered that tumors can arise from different types of cells in the pancreas, depending on whether they are injured or inflamed. This finding could lead to new treatments and early diagnosis methods for pancreatic cancer.
Researchers used fMRI to divide the precuneus into four distinct functional regions, finding similarities with monkey brains. This discovery confirms that higher-order association areas have complex architectures preserved across evolution.
A new study projects variable impacts of climate change on maize and bean harvests in East Africa, presenting both threats and opportunities for farmers. With adequate investment, the region can achieve food security despite predicted declines in staple crop production.
Infants born to vaccinated mothers had lower hospitalization rates for influenza, highlighting the effectiveness of flu vaccination during pregnancy. The study found that vaccinating pregnant women significantly reduced hospitalizations in infants under six months old.
Scientists at Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Stanford University School of Medicine are developing induced pluripotent stem cells to repair damaged heart muscle. The $10 million, 7-year project aims to identify and characterize progenitor cell lines and develop new clinical strategies for regenerative therapies.
A study of 3,128 mothers found that increased TV exposure in young children is associated with aggressive behavior. Household TV use also contributed to the risk, suggesting a link between parental environment and childhood aggression.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have found that PatA inhibits nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), a mechanism that degrades damaged mRNA. This inhibition may lead to cancer cell apoptosis. The study also reveals the potential of a simplified derivative of PatA, DMDAPatA, as an anti-cancer agent.
Researchers found that nearly half of patients with normal SPECT scans had moderate to severe coronary artery calcification, indicating high cardiac risk. Integrating CACS testing into functional SPECT scans can identify patients at high long-term risk and improve outcomes.
Researchers have detected gamma rays of a trillion electron volts coming from the M 82 galaxy, providing evidence for a strong connection between galaxies with high star formation and the production of cosmic rays. The discovery uses the VERITAS array of four telescopes at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory in Arizona.
Prosta Chakrabarty, an LSU ichthyologist, has landed a major grant to reconstruct the genetic heritage of heroine cichlid fishes. He also discovered two new species of angler fishes native to Louisiana, shedding light on the planet's history and biodiversity.
Researchers warn that climate variability can affect deep-sea ecosystems, potentially disrupting food chains and carbon cycles. Long-term monitoring is crucial to understand the impact of global warming on these vulnerable ecosystems.
Despite concerns about decreased physical activity contributing to rising obesity rates, research suggests that physical activity levels may actually be increasing among US adolescents. While minority students and girls are less active than their peers, sedentary behaviors like screen time remain a concern.
Researchers have discovered a new genetic cause of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) type 5, a fatal immune disorder. The condition is caused by mutations in the Munc18-2 gene, leading to impaired release of death-inducing molecules from immune cells.
Researchers create self-guided stages up to 12 GeV and externally guided stages up to 50 GeV using boosted frame simulations. This new technique enables faster and more accurate modeling of next-generation experiments.
A new study found that preventative brain radiation therapy for lung cancer patients reduces the risk of developing brain metastases by 10%, but negatively affects short-term and long-term memory. Despite this, the treatment has no significant impact on survival or quality of life.
The study found that stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) stopped the growth of lung cancer at its original site for nearly 98% of patients with early non-small cell lung cancer. Researchers also discovered that less than 20% of frail patients experienced a serious decline in health status after treatment.
A new study reveals that some neighborhoods with high levels of walkability also have low levels of air pollution, while others prioritize one over the other. Neighborhoods designed for walkability often encourage higher daily activity levels, which can mitigate health issues linked to air pollution and physical inactivity.
The VERITAS telescope array has found new evidence for cosmic rays in the Cigar Galaxy, supporting the theory that supernovae and stellar winds are the dominant accelerators. The discovery confirms that starburst galaxies contain more cosmic rays than normal galaxies.
Research found that public sneezing triggers an increased fear of all health threats, even ones unrelated to germs. This phenomenon also influences policy preferences, shifting spending priorities towards flu vaccine production over green jobs.
Researchers have developed tumor-penetrating microparticles (TPM) to deliver drugs more effectively, targeting both rapid- and slow-growing tumors. TPM has shown promise in treating pancreatic cancer by breaking through barriers and delivering highly concentrated drug doses.
A study found that sustained modest weight loss can prevent or lower the incidence of type 2 diabetes in people at high risk, delaying diagnosis by about four years. Lifestyle changes also improved cardiovascular risk factors and were particularly beneficial among older adults.
A team of scientists analyzed the DNA of ancient remains to discover that Mycobacterium leprae, the leprosy bacterium, has colonized the entire earth due to human travels. The study found that the bacteria's four strains are distributed according to historical population movements.
A phase III study found that short-term hormone therapy added to radiation treatment significantly increases survival in medium-risk prostate cancer patients by 51% compared to those receiving radiation alone. In contrast, low-risk patients showed no significant benefit from this combination.
Researchers discovered that adolescent tyrannosaurs, including the late juvenile T. rex Jane, engaged in intense combat, as evidenced by puncture wounds on her face. The injuries suggest that Jane was attacked by a fellow young dinosaur, possibly over dominance or territorial disputes.
A new study by researchers at the University of Maryland and Purdue University found that most land-use changes contribute to warming, except for conversion to agricultural use, which results in relative cooling. The study used a novel analytical approach called OMR and confirmed its robustness.
A new study finds that obesity and diabetes increase the risk of chest pain and skin reactions after stereotactic body radiation therapy. Patients who receive a high dose of radiation to cancer close to the chest wall are more likely to experience these side effects, highlighting the need for further research into reducing radiation-re...
Researchers aim to correlate seismic activity with glacier slip using pump tests and measurements of natural seismicity. The projects focus on stability of ice stream grounding zones and role of active subglacial lakes in ice sheet loss.
Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope detects diffuse gamma-ray emission from star-forming regions in nearby galaxies, suggesting that these regions are the source of cosmic rays. The telescope observes intense gamma-ray emission from a region called 30 Doradus within the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way.
Researchers have identified a molecular mechanism underlying the harmful effects of DES on male testis development and function. Neonatal exposure to DES leads to reduced fertility in mice, with NR0B2 deficiency protecting against these effects.
ASU has been awarded two grants totaling over $10 million to support high-risk, high-reward advances in alternative energy research. The projects focus on developing ultra-high-energy metal-air batteries and using photosynthetic bacteria to produce automotive fuel from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.
Research led by a University of Illinois business professor finds that online sales could lead to lower prices, but also fewer product options. The traditional system of selling through retailers encourages longer product lines, which may dry up as manufacturers turn to direct sales online.
A national research resource discovery network will allow biomedical scientists to quickly find previously invisible but potentially valuable resources. The eagle-i Consortium, founded with a $15 million ARRA grant, aims to make invisible resources visible to researchers nationwide.
A national study found cataract surgery benefits AMD patients at all stages of the disease, improving vision in those with mild to advanced AMD. Steroid triamcinolone also showed promise in treating advanced DME, with improved vision in patients whose eyes had deteriorated despite standard treatment.
Scientists found that a lack of diffusible VEGF causes retinal defects like geographic atrophy, which may impact the use of anti-VEGF drugs for wet macular degeneration. The study increases understanding of AMD's causes and offers potential new therapies.
A phase III study found that short-term hormone therapy given prior to and during intermediate dose radiation treatment significantly increases the chance of living longer (51 percent) compared to those who receive radiation alone. The benefit appeared to be greatest for men at medium-risk for disease failure.
Navy scientists have successfully tested high expansion foam as a fire suppression system, finding it effective in fighting fires in obstructed spaces. The Navy is also developing alternative firefighting agents, including propelled extinguishing agent technology (PEAT), to replace halon systems and provide weight-saving options for fu...
A study found that Australian reporting standards do not require disclosure of the names of speakers, financial ties, and company roles in sponsored events. The analysis showed that medical specialists received high per-head expenditure on high-cost drugs at industry-sponsored events.
A new study by University of Toronto researchers has found a significant association between childhood physical abuse and the development of osteoarthritis in adulthood. Adults who experienced physical abuse as children have a 56% higher odds of developing osteoarthritis compared to those who did not.
A national clinical trial shows that stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is effective in treating early-stage lung cancer in patients with unrelated medical comorbidities. The primary lung cancer did not recur 98 percent of the time, and more than half of patients were alive three years after diagnosis.
Researchers from the University of Adelaide have published unique research data on the world's only monotremes, providing new light on the platypus sex chromosome system. The team discovered a complex mechanism where sex chromosomes pair during sperm development in platypus.
According to poverty expert Mark R. Rank, nearly half of all US children will use food stamps during their childhood due to poverty and food insecurity, affecting their health and well-being.
Climate change impacts deep-sea ecosystems by altering food supply and community dynamics. Changes in ocean processes, such as wind-driven upwelling and nutrient delivery, can lead to dramatic year-to-year variations in organic material reaching the seafloor, affecting fish populations like grenadiers.
A modified version of the Bluetooth wireless protocol enables faster patient data transfer, reducing connectivity problems in telemedicine. This allows for quicker medical image transfers, such as CT scans, to healthcare providers' personal digital assistants.
Researchers at Salk Institute discover essential cellular pathway in zebrafish that enables limb regeneration by activating genes required to build a copy of the lost limb. Histone demethylation switches cells from inactive to active state, turning on genes needed for regeneration.
A team of researchers aims to create a new papaya variety with only hermaphrodite offspring, eliminating the need for costly and labor-intensive seed selection. This breakthrough could significantly improve papaya health while reducing fertilizer and water usage.
Meniscal tears in children can often be repaired successfully with appropriate treatment, with a high success rate of 75-90%. Early treatment is crucial to prevent complications and promote long-term health. Diagnosing meniscal tears requires simple physical exams and imaging tests, such as MRI, to accurately assess the injury.
A recent study found that radiation therapy significantly improves regional recurrence control in melanoma patients who underwent lymphadenectomy. The treatment reduced the risk of cancer returning to the lymph nodes by 12 percentage points compared to observation.
Typhoon Mirinae made landfall in Vietnam with strong thunderstorms, leaving behind floods, destruction, and death. The storm had maximum sustained winds near 57 mph and caused serious flooding, power outages, and landslides, taking at least 10 lives.