A study published in Anesthesiology found that most women do not require opioids to manage pain after hospital discharge. Researchers observed a significant reduction in opioid use for both vaginal and cesarean deliveries, with most pain resolving within 14 days.
Researchers from Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center and Bascom Palmer Eye Institute conducted two clinical trials using human embryonic stem cells to treat dry macular degeneration, a leading cause of new blindness. The studies showed that stem cell injection into the eye replaced damaged cells and improved vision in some patients.
Researchers at NYU School of Medicine found that mammalian brains can distinguish between one odor and another in under 100 milliseconds, using fewer nerve signals than previously believed. This groundbreaking study has implications for our understanding of human olfaction and the potential for new treatments for smell disorders.
Researchers found that individuals with A, B, and AB blood types have an elevated risk of heart attacks during times of significant air pollution compared to those with O blood type. The study links increased risk of heart attack associated with small particulate pollution to increased risk for people with coronary artery disease.
Researchers developed activatable theranostic nanoplatforms that can highlight tumor cells during surgery using near-infrared fluorescence. These nanoparticles also demonstrated effective phototherapy to eliminate hard-to-remove tumors without harming healthy tissue.
A new study concludes that extended-release naltrexone and buprenorphine-naloxone are equally safe and effective in curtailing opioid use, relapse, treatment drop-out, and overdose. Researchers found similar 24-week relapse rates for both medications, with craving for opioids lower in the naltrexone group.
Researchers have designed second-generation vaginal films that can provide extended release and improve mucoadhesiveness for up to seven days, addressing issues with current HIV prevention methods. These films use a combination of modified natural polymer and functional biopolymer to deliver antiretroviral drugs.
Researchers found that young, managed forests cause higher stress levels and lower survival rates in willow tits due to reduced food availability and increased predation risks. About 92% of the birds sheltering in older trees survived the winter, compared to nearly 73% in younger plantations.
Researchers developed compact deep-learning AI software that can run on mobile computer chips, allowing devices to operate independently of the internet. This technology has enormous potential for various fields, including industrial robots, drones, and manufacturing plants.
Johns Hopkins researchers identified a cellular pathway responsible for rapid heart failure in Marfan syndrome and reversed the disease in mouse models by increasing stress on the animals' hearts. The findings provide a potential model for treating this aggressive form of the disorder.
Soft magnetic materials are crucial for designing efficient electric machines, but current characterization methods are inadequate for applications like traction drives. Researchers offer improvements to guide the selection of the most suitable material.
A study by McMaster University neuroscientists found that even mild trauma from contact sports can disrupt the production of new neurons in the hippocampus, a region critical to memory. Temporary memory losses were observed in concussed athletes, while scores improved after a reprieve from their sport.
Researchers at the University of York found that sleep helps us use our memory in a flexible and adaptable manner by strengthening both old and new versions of an experience. This process allows for the adaptive updating of memories, but can also lead to distortions if incorrect information is incorporated.
Scientists from HKU created a novel liquid-repellent surface inspired by springtail cuticles, offering enhanced mechanical stability and low production costs. The breakthrough technology can be applied to various fields, including energy, buildings, and water vehicles.
Research from Binghamton University suggests that text message punctuation, such as periods and emoticons, plays a crucial role in conveying meaning and intent. By analyzing the impact of punctuation on reader understanding, the study reveals that these 'textisms' can change the meaning of texts.
Research by Kieron Barclay and Mikko Myrskylä found that birth order differences in university subject choice explain half of the gap in siblings' long-term earnings. Later-borns tend to pursue less prestigious subjects like arts, journalism, and teaching.
Researchers have created an artificial protein that inhibits G protein activators, leading to the potential blockage of malignant properties in cancer cells and correction of birth defects. The findings may pave the way for identifying new molecular targets for therapeutic intervention.
The Aspidistra elatior flower attracts insects by pretending to be a mushroom, with fungus gnats being the primary pollinators in its native habitat. This discovery clarifies that like most plants, A. elatior is mainly pollinated by flying insects.
Severe asthma defined as asthma requiring high-dose long-acting B2-agonists and/or additional controller medication or frequent oral corticosteroid use, emphasizing patient adherence verification before diagnosis.
Researchers at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology have successfully transferred the nanostructures from the wings of black butterflies, which can absorb light over a wide spectrum and improve thin-film solar cell efficiency. The optimized nanostructures enhance light absorption by up to 200 percent.
A study suggests that expanding geographic sharing of donor kidneys could add 58 to 174 additional kidney transplants per year, helping more patients get off dialysis treatments. Organ quality varies from donor to donor and is concentrated in less populous regions, where patients are more willing to accept lower-quality organs.
A preclinical study demonstrates the effectiveness of PRO 140, a humanized anti-CCR5 monoclonal antibody, in preventing graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in bone marrow stem cell transplantation. The study shows that PRO 140 successfully blocked GvHD development without affecting hematopoietic cell engraftment.
An interdisciplinary team is creating a living pathway from the robot's touch sensation to the user's brain to help amputees control the robotic hand. The researchers aim to regenerate the sensation of touch in an artificial limb using living residual neural pathways.
Chronic preconception exposure to genistein affected pregnancy rates in mice, resulting in prolonged labor, smaller litters, and higher pup mortality. The study found that high doses of genistein may boost fertility rates but also have adverse effects on reproductive outcomes.
A study by Penn State researchers found that EMTALA violations are often caused by confusion about the law and conflicting priorities between healthcare professionals. Hospitals may not report suspected violations due to financial pressure, referral burdens, or reluctance to maintain good relationships with other hospitals.
Scientists found that magnetic field strength increases linearly with distance from the specimen, making the double H-coil method more accurate for certain applications. The study suggests using the double H-coil method when data requires higher accuracy.
A University of Kansas study found that genetic differences between populations of Malaysian torrent frogs were misinterpreted using common methods, leading to the overestimation of new species. The researchers suggest a more cautious approach to species identification, accounting for gene flow among populations.
Artificially cooling the planet through geoengineering could have devastating effects on regions prone to storms or droughts, a new study shows. The researchers warn that targeting one hemisphere for geoengineering could lead to increased likelihood of natural disasters in other parts of the world.
A Canadian-led study found that perioperative aspirin can prevent heart-related complications after major noncardiac surgery in patients with previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). For every 1,000 patients with PCI, giving them aspirin at the time of noncardiac surgery would prevent 59 heart attacks and cause eight major bl...
Researchers found that long-term yerba mate supplementation reduced body weight and improved blood lipid levels, as well as insulin resistance in obese mice. The study suggests that yerba mate may be a safe and effective way to manage weight and related metabolic disorders.
A review and meta-analysis found a strong link between low vitamin D concentrations and lower live birth rates after assisted reproduction treatment. Women with sufficient vitamin D had a 34% higher chance of having a positive pregnancy test and a 46% higher chance of achieving clinical pregnancy.
A new study examines the mental health status of caregivers and its impact on child food security and perceptions of the child's health. Caregiver depression is associated with child food insecurity and lower levels of child health in urban areas.
A new analysis of 10.5 million patients found that mothers' exposure to sunlight, air pollution, and carbon monoxide during pregnancy may increase their child's lifetime risk of type 2 diabetes, atrial fibrillation, depression, and anxiety. The study also found that relative age at school enrollment is a stronger predictor of ADHD.
Researchers at Tufts University will develop devices to improve the collection, storage and transport of blood samples in field settings, enhancing sample reliability for disease surveillance and diagnostics.
A new study reveals that female mongooses evict rivals to reduce reproductive competition and increase pup survival rates. This behavior also leads to the creation of new social groups and reduced chances of successful breeding for evicted females.
A new US study examines how social identity threat affects religion and finds that highly religious individuals, particularly Christians, feel targeted and experience prejudice. The study reveals that religious minorities like Jews and Muslims also face heightened threat, likely due to prejudice and discrimination.
A new study finds that HPV testing is more sensitive than the Pap test for detecting precancerous cells. Cotesting, which combines both methods, identified more cases of treatable cancer but only affected a small number of women.
Researchers have developed a molecular sensor that can detect and eliminate cells with mutated TP53 genes, which are responsible for 50% of all human tumors. The sensor initiates cell death if the gene is non-functional, preventing tumor formation at an early stage.
Researchers found that CT scans and cardiac stress tests provide no information to determine whether a patient is having a heart attack, leading to unnecessary costs and extended hospital stays. The study suggests over-testing and over-treating patients with chest pain in the ER.
A longitudinal study found that French adolescents from different ethnic backgrounds experience varying levels of pressure to conform to traditional gender roles. Boys in North African French groups reported increasing felt pressure, while girls in both groups showed declining pressure over four years.
A Berkeley Lab-led study discovers new types of cellulases from a microbiome, which can break down plant biomass into glucose at high temperatures. The enzymes were cultivated from a cluster of uncultivated bacteria in municipal compost, offering a scalable source for biofuel production.
New techniques harness neural circuitry to control prosthetic limbs and eyes, restoring function and improving motor skills. Brain-machine interfaces enable individuals to adapt and learn from technical challenges.
Studies show that head impacts can cause lasting damage even without concussions, affecting brain connections and memory. Better helmet rules and concussion education are needed to ensure athlete safety.
A recent animal study suggests that heat-not-burn tobacco products may not offer cardiovascular protection. Exposure to iQOS vapor resulted in a significant decrease in blood vessel function, comparable to cigarette smoke.
Researchers successfully transplanted beneficial microbes from a healthy, related species to a critically endangered Hawaiian plant, Phyllostegia kaalaensis. The treatment provided significant protection against powdery mildew disease, allowing the plants to thrive in the wild for the first time.
Researchers at RUDN University synthesized isoquinoline derivatives with potential biological activity, including bactericidal and antileukemic properties. The team developed a new method for isolating the compounds, which may be effective in treating Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting certain enzymes.
A cohort study of nearly 80,000 UK women found that inducing first-time mothers aged 35 or over 1-2 weeks earlier was linked to the risk of perinatal death falling from 26 per 10,000 pregnancies to 8 per 10,000 pregnancies. Early induction may reduce stillbirths and neonatal deaths in this age group.
Researchers mixed electromagnetic waves on a superconducting qubit, enabling the detection of quantum wave mixing. The study could aid in developing new quantum electronics.
The article highlights the lessons learned from past infectious disease outbreaks, including HIV/AIDS and SARS, to inform current responses to emerging threats such as Zika. The NIAID Director emphasizes the importance of sustained support for scientific research and effective communication with policymakers and communities.
A Cornell study reveals that testicular cancer's responsiveness to chemotherapy is due to its stem cells, which are more sensitive to treatment. The research provides new insights into the basis for this phenomenon and may lead to better treatments for other cancers.
Scientists at KIT successfully implemented Grover's quantum algorithm using a molecular magnet to quickly find specific elements in unsorted data. The technology quadratically accelerates search and can be integrated into current electronic devices.
The proposed FOXSI mission will study the physical mechanisms behind solar flares and their impact on Earth. By analyzing X-ray radiation and particle acceleration, scientists aim to gain a deeper understanding of space weather and its effects on satellites and communications systems.
A new study found that US sugary beverage consumption is declining, but remains high among adolescents and young adults, especially those from black and Hispanic backgrounds. The researchers also noted a positive trend in water consumption among children and adults.
Researchers at ITMO University developed a system to measure red blood cell velocity using high-speed video recording. The system provides accurate data for diagnosing vascular conditions and assessing therapy efficiency, offering a reliable tool for disease pattern recognition.
Researchers will develop microfluidic biomarker detection platforms to monitor human responses to space radiation, focusing on hematopoietic and gastrointestinal systems. The goal is to prevent or lessen negative effects of simulated space radiation on these tissues.
A new shape-shifting polymer can target and kill Helicobacter pylori bacteria in the stomach, improving digestive health for billions worldwide. The agent morphs into a bacterial hole-puncher at acidic pH, killing H. pylori while sparing helpful gut bacteria.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that membralin plays a crucial role in regulating the cell's machinery for producing beta-amyloid, the protein responsible for neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease. The researchers found that membranes with lower levels of this protein are associated with increased neurodegeneration a...
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that recent health care reforms in England did not lead to the expected decrease in hospitalisations and specialist visits. In fact, there was an increase in outpatient specialist visits, resulting in 3.7 million additional specialist visits between 2012 and 2015.
A pilot study by the Center for BrainHealth found that cognitive training improved innovative thinking and corresponding brain changes in healthy adults over 55. The SMART program showed significant gains in high-quality innovation performance and increased connectivity among brain cells in the central executive network.
A new study by San Diego State University professor Jean Twenge found that increased screen time is associated with higher symptoms of depression and suicide-related behaviors among American teenagers, particularly girls. Spending more than five hours per day on electronic devices was linked to at least one suicide-related outcome.