Researchers found that telomere length changes are associated with structural changes in the brain, including thickening or thinning of the cerebral cortex. This study suggests that short-term changes in telomere length may reflect general fluctuations in health and aging status, but long-term effects remain unclear.
A comprehensive tobacco treatment program in an oncologic setting significantly improves smoking cessation rates, affecting patient outcomes with cancer who smoke. Average seven-day abstinence rates reached 44% at the nine-month follow-up.
Researchers found a key driver of nutrient absorption synchronization with Earth's day-night light cycle, linking it to weight gain. The commensal bacteria program the metabolic rhythms by activating protein histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), which enhances fat absorption.
A team of scientists found that heat energy can transfer from a node with lower temperature to another node with higher temperature in certain complex network structures. This phenomenon becomes more evident when the network assortativity decreases. The study may shed new light on the search for good thermoelectric materials.
Researchers found that African American children respond better to increasing inhaled corticosteroids or adding long-acting beta agonists compared to step-up therapies. The study highlights the need for tailored treatment approaches for subgroups of asthma patients, particularly those with African ancestry.
A new collaborative project aims to address the Great Lakes' seafood trade deficit by promoting sustainable aquaculture. The project, funded by $1 million, will focus on environmentally responsible and science-based initiatives.
A new thermoelectric material has been developed using strontium titanate and titanium oxide, allowing for the transformation of exhaust heat into electrical energy. The material's biphase structure and nanosized grains increase its thermoelectric efficacy, enabling devices to operate at high temperatures without overheating.
Researchers developed a new technique called complementary vibrational spectroscopy to study molecular structures. This method combines infrared absorption and Raman scattering spectrometers to provide detailed information about molecular vibrations.
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine identified CXCR6 and CXCL16 as critical molecules for T cells to travel to and populate the lungs. This discovery could lead to designing adjuvants that recruit CD8 T cells into the airways, potentially reducing symptoms or preventing infection.
Experts recommend requiring salt shakers to carry front-of-pack health warnings to raise consumer awareness about excess salt consumption. The World Health Organization aims to reduce sodium intake by 30% by 2025, and warning labels could help people make healthier choices.
A study by University of California, Riverside researchers found high concentrations of metals such as lead, nickel, and chromium in e-cigarette aerosols. The team analyzed six popular e-cigarette tanks and their atomizers, revealing that the model with fewest metal parts had the fewest metals in its aerosol.
A new study found that partial replacement, or hemiarthroplasty, is a viable alternative to total hip arthroplasty for treating displaced femoral neck fractures in patients over age 50. The study reported similar rates of outcome measures between the two techniques, with no significant difference in the incidence of secondary procedures.
Researchers found that background noise inhibits parasitoid flies' ability to locate cricket calls, suggesting a potential fitness cost for males trying to find mates. This altered soundscapes may influence the evolution of host-parasitoid relationships.
An observational study of nearly 230,000 participants found that optimism was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events and overall death. The review's findings suggest that interventions promoting optimism may have potential health benefits.
Researchers at City College of New York have successfully demonstrated a light-emitting diode (LED) operating at room temperature, utilizing half-light half-matter quasiparticles in atomically thin semiconductors. This breakthrough has significant implications for LiFi technology, which offers faster data transmission speeds than Wi-Fi.
Satellite images from NASA's Terra Satellite confirmed Hurricane Lorenzo as a major hurricane with a clear eye and solid structure of thunderstorms. The storm is moving north-northwest at 14 mph, with maximum sustained winds near 145 mph.
Researchers found the widely used M-CHAT/F screening tool is less accurate in real-world settings than shown in previous studies. The study also revealed disparities in detecting early autism symptoms in minority, urban, and low-income children. Despite these findings, experts recommend continuing universal screening for all toddlers.
Scientists create a soft, flexible artificial skin made of silicone and electrodes that can replicate the human sense of touch. The skin provides real-time pressure and vibration feedback to enhance rehabilitation and virtual reality applications.
An observational study of 3,021 adults aged 72 and older found that alcohol consumption was not significantly associated with an increased risk of dementia in those without mild cognitive impairment. However, among those with MCI, drinking more than 14 drinks per week was linked to the highest risk of dementia
Astronomers have discovered the oldest known galaxy protocluster, z66OD, with 12 galaxies existing 13.0 billion years ago. One of these galaxies is Himiko, a giant object found previously by the Subaru Telescope, which was unexpectedly located on the edge of the protocluster.
A new research special issue analyzes landscape patterns to understand their effects on resource sustainability, ecosystem health, habitat connectivity, and other societal values. The study highlights the importance of measuring and monitoring these patterns to ensure sustainable landscapes.
A large registry-based study found that current scoring systems have moderate reliability in predicting severe liver disease risk. The study identified individuals with normal scores as being at a very low risk of developing severe liver disease, highlighting the need for new methods to detect those at higher risk.
Researchers at UT Austin have developed multifunctional nanogels that can deliver drugs to treat cancer in a precise manner. The nanogels can be chemically modified with bioactive molecules, allowing them to target malignant cells and degrade into nontoxic components.
A giant exoplanet has been found orbiting a small star, GJ 3512, which is unusual because low-mass stars should have less material to form planets. The discovery was made using the Doppler technique and suggests the presence of another massive planet that may have been ejected from the system.
Repeated disasters and environmental changes are rapidly eroding the land in Southeastern Louisiana, affecting the tribe's ability to sustain its culture, health, and livelihoods. Tribe members express a deep sense of grief about the lost land and lack of agency in decisions impacting them.
Researchers are developing a form of cybersecurity inspired by human biological systems, detecting and addressing threats in their earliest stages. The team is also offering training and research opportunities to students from underrepresented backgrounds.
A new study finds that copepods, small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat, adapt to warming waters through phenotypic plasticity rather than genetic changes. The research suggests that thermal adaptation can happen relatively quickly, reducing organisms' vulnerability to warming.
Researchers have developed a new mathematical framework that accurately predicts the positions of proteins in the containers of all icosahedral viruses for the first time. The discovery solves a scientific mystery that has endured for half a century and paves the way for new insights into how viruses form, evolve, and infect their hosts.
A study from Stanford University School of Medicine has found that a combination of light therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy can increase teen sleep duration by 43 minutes per night. The treatment consists of brief flashes of bright light to reset the body clocks, followed by motivation techniques to encourage earlier bedtimes.
A study has identified a washing machine as a reservoir of multidrug-resistant pathogens, specifically Klebsiella oxytoca. The bacteria were transmitted to newborns in a neonatal intensive care unit through contaminated clothing washed at low temperatures. Researchers highlight the need for higher temperatures or disinfectants to preve...
Researchers discovered that cancer cells in the brain communicate with healthy brain cells through synapses, stimulating growth and proliferation. Anti-epileptic medicine may hold a key to curbing this dangerous communication.
A comprehensive tobacco treatment program at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center resulted in an average of 45% smoking abstinence rates among participating cancer patients. This rate surpasses that of previous minimal interventions like quitlines, which averaged less than 20% abstinence rates.
Tropical cyclones strengthen when cloud tops rise, indicating increased thunderstorm activity. NASA's Terra Satellite data indicates that Tropical Storm Karen is holding onto its tropical storm status due to rising cloud tops above 12,000 meters.
Seville's lost Puerta de Triana gate has been graphically reconstructed using 16th- to 19th-century images and archaeological data. The recreation provides a virtual model of the gate and its urban setting, sparking interest in lost heritage.
The US ATLAS Phase I Upgrade enables the detection of rare processes and sheds light on dark matter, dark energy, and antimatter asymmetry. The upgrades improve the trigger/data acquisition system, liquid argon calorimeter, and forward muon detector, allowing for more efficient data collection and analysis.
Researchers at UTA are exploring ceramic and non-metallic materials to fabricate advanced temperature and heat flux sensors for hypersonic flight systems. The new additive manufacturing concept aims to provide reliable measurements in harsh environmental conditions.
Researchers at Kobe University have identified the chemical makeup of newborn babies' head odors, shedding light on their importance in mother-baby recognition. The study found that these odors can be used to distinguish between individual babies and are stronger in the first few days after birth.
Research reveals that viruses have multiple structural models, leading to the potential for more targeted vaccines. The study also provides a new framework for classifying viruses and designing antiviral strategies.
A new algorithm developed by MIT student Trevor Henderson seamlessly blends different audio signals in real-time, recreating the portamento effect. The algorithm uses optimal transport to map pitches from one signal to another, producing a smooth transition without volume fading.
A recent study published in Aging Cell has discovered that human aging processes may actually hinder the development of cancer. In most human tissues, aging-related gene expression changes are contrary to those found in cancer, suggesting a protective effect on cell growth.
Researchers from University of Colorado Cancer Center Department of Radiation Oncology won the IAEA safety competition by recognizing the importance of a positive attitude towards radiation safety and developing department-wide processes for communicating safety standards. The team used Safety Month as an opportunity to broadcast and t...
A University of Alaska Fairbanks study tested 297 subsistence-caught fish from Kotzebue Sound and found average mercury levels safe for unrestricted consumption. Only four individual fish exceeded the
Researchers identified genetic variants related to Parkinson's disease symptom onset, which could enable delimiting research on new therapeutic targets. The study, led by Cristina Malagelada, used biocomputing techniques and analyzed statistical interactions to identify genetic associations.
A study published in the journal Aging Cell found that a lifelong dietary regimen of choline can improve spatial memory and reduce AD-like symptoms in female mice. Choline supplementation also reduces microglia activation, offering protection from brain inflammation and neuronal death.
A study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology found that ultrasound screening after digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis yielded no significant difference in additional cancer detection rate. The findings suggest that DBT does not obviate additional US screening for women with dense breast tissue.
A German-Australian team of researchers has successfully converted carbon dioxide into ethanol and propanol using metallic nanoparticles, also known as nanozymes. This breakthrough is based on the principle of enzyme cascade reactions, where complex molecules are produced from comparatively simple raw materials.
A new trial found that men with prostate cancer who receive radiotherapy after surgery have no difference in disease recurrence compared to those who do not. The study suggests that observation should be the standard approach and radiotherapy only used if the cancer comes back.
Tropical Depression 19W is organizing and strengthening toward tropical storm status. The storm has developed strong thunderstorms around its center with winds near 29 mph/46 kph, and forecasters expect it to move west-northwest and then turn north.
Researchers suggest an unseen population of gas giants orbiting nearby Sun-like stars, awaiting detection. New models support the disk instability mechanism, challenging the core accretion method.
A worldwide study found that sleep patterns differ among 16-30 year olds, with varying durations and timings based on age, sex, and region. The study tracked nearly quarter of a million nights of sleep using wearable devices, revealing significant geographical and gender-based variations in sleep habits.
A new study reveals major changes in Australia's Great Barrier Reef over the past 91 years, with intertidal communities experiencing significant declines in species richness and diversity. The research highlights the importance of long-term monitoring to track changes in community structure and coral abundance.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki have identified 35 genetic loci associated with plasma lipid species levels, revealing a significant heritable component in cardiovascular disease risk. The study also highlights the potential of lipidomics to improve cardiovascular risk prediction and treatment.
Researchers at Newcastle University have confirmed that bacteria can lose their cell wall to avoid detection by antibiotics, leading to recurring urinary tract infections. The study found that L-form switching allows bacteria to survive and re-form their cell wall, making it harder for the immune system to target them.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School found that a little stress can actually improve the functioning of our internal biological clock. Stress leads to rhythmic phosphorylation of eIF2α, promoting production of ATF4 protein, which activates Per2 gene, ultimately making the clock tick faster.
Researchers created the world's most realistic model of the human hand's musculoskeletal system using MRI and visual effects techniques. This breakthrough has implications for computer graphics, prosthetics, medical education, robotics, and virtual reality.
Researchers discovered a new function in the BAG4 protein, which regulates potassium transport and optimizes water use by plants. This finding is crucial for developing crops resistant to drought conditions.
A recent analysis reveals persistent disparities in preemptive kidney transplantation, with Black and Hispanic patients and those on Medicare facing reduced access. The 2014 Kidney Allocation System may have exacerbated some inequalities for these groups.
Researchers analyzed data from seven Latin American countries to show that a 10% increase in dog vaccinations decreases human deaths by 12.4%. Additionally, increased vaccination rates lead to reduced healthcare demand in response to rabies elimination campaigns.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London used AI to analyze 17,000 healthy UK Biobank volunteers' heart MRI images, finding genetic factors account for 22-39% variation in left ventricle size and function. The study identified 14 genome regions associated with heart structure and function.
A new filter developed at the University of Exeter can degrade and dissolve plastic microfibres released during washing, which account for over a third of ocean microplastics. The smart filter catches microfibres and uses enzymes to break them down into safe compounds.