Researchers developed a rapid diagnostic method for detecting celiac disease antibodies, offering a promising solution to overcome the vast underdiagnosis of this condition. The new method, called RFS, can provide results in less than half an hour, significantly reducing the time and complexity of current testing procedures.
Research reveals that inhibiting Mcl-1 protein can induce apoptosis in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for this type of cancer. The study also found that combining Mcl-1 inhibition with ABT-263 increased cell death in ER+ breast cancer cells.
A new integrated conversion process reduces emissions by 40-96% using ethanol, making biofuels more sustainable. Researchers developed a one-step conversion method to lower costs and environmental footprint.
Economists propose a novel approach to measuring inequality, accounting for individual relationships and social interactions. The new method correctly calculates the Gini coefficient by considering differences between individuals' wealth, not just individual values.
KAUST scientists have identified MAP4K4 as a key player in plant immunity, essential for proper responses to environmental pathogens. The discovery reveals targets in a molecular pathway that could be manipulated by crop breeders to make plants more resistant.
A team of investigators from Brigham and Women's Hospital has identified a specific microRNA, miR-30d, that increases during peak disease in MS patients. Orally administering a synthetic version of the microRNA prevented disease in a preclinical mouse model.
A study found that clownfish population persistence depends on high-quality habitats, not shared genes. The researchers identified individual fish and their DNA over five generations to assess reproductive success.
Scientists have identified nearly thousand ISG15 sites on protein targets during bacterial infection, revealing a link between ISG15, cellular metabolism, and autophagy. This discovery may lead to novel antimicrobial drugs.
Researchers at NUS used machine learning tools to discover that stable information can be found within the changing neural population code in the frontal lobe. This finding has broader implications for understanding cognitive flexibility and multiple brain regions interacting with each other.
Research found that individuals with long-term muscle inactivity lose more explosive strength than maximum strength. Rehabilitation programs should focus on building explosive strength to help prevent joint injuries and balance issues.
Researchers found that space travel disrupts intestinal epithelial cell barrier function even after return to Earth. The microgravity environment weakens the immune system and increases gastrointestinal permeability.
A new study suggests that summer monsoons from Asia and Africa reached the Middle East at least 125,000 years ago, providing suitable corridors for human migration. This finding corresponds with cyclical changes in Earth's orbit that brought increased summer precipitation, supporting animal and human migration into the region.
A multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus lineage known as the Bengal Bay clone has spread globally, causing severe disease and raising concerns about antibiotic resistance. The bacteria combines high virulence potential with multi-drug resistance, making it a significant public health issue.
Renée Fleming, acclaimed soprano and neuroscience research advocate, will receive the Isadore Rosenfeld Award for her commitment to research advocacy at the intersection of music, brain function, and wellness. Her work with the Sound Health Initiative enhances public awareness about how the brain interacts with music.
Analysis of US life expectancy reveals a nearly 10-year increase from 69.9 years in 1959 to 78.9 years in 2016, driven by factors such as drug overdoses, suicides, and organ system diseases among working-age adults.
NASA used infrared data from its Aqua satellite to identify the storm's strongest areas, where coldest cloud top temperatures were recorded. The research indicates that these cold temperatures are indicative of strong storms capable of producing heavy rain.
Researchers found that a specific toxin in Staphylococcus aureus prevents tolerance and maintains the immune system's vigilance. Early-life exposure to commensal bacteria like S. epidermidis leads to immune tolerance, while later exposure to pathogenic S. aureus results in a vigorous immune response.
A new VCU study finds that mortality among 25 to 64 year-olds is increasing, particularly in Rust Belt states and Appalachia. The trend of rising death rates is linked to causes such as drug overdoses, alcohol abuse, and suicides, as well as organ system diseases.
The Bulwer's petrel can fly up to 1,800 kilometers from the Canary archipelago to the Azores in search of food. The new study provides the most comprehensive scientific data on the species' space ecology, diet and daily/annual movement patterns.
Researchers Éric A. Cohen and Tram NQ Pham have discovered a method to suppress HIV infection in humanized mice by boosting the levels of plasmacytoid dendritic cells, which can help control the spread of the virus at its early stages.
Researchers created a high-electron mobility transistor with record-low gate leakage current, high on/off current ratio, and high current gain cutoff frequency. The device has the potential to expand bandwidth for wireless communication systems, enabling more information transmission in less battery life.
The University of Texas at Arlington is conducting pioneering research on concrete pipes reinforced with synthetic fibers to test their strength and durability. The project aims to develop longer-lasting pipes that can last for over 100 years, reducing the need for frequent replacements.
A 12-month trial in Guangzhou found significant reduction in weight gain among children participating in a physical activity and healthy eating intervention. The CHIRPY DRAGON programme also improved fruit and vegetable consumption, less screen time, and more physical activity.
New research from La Trobe University found that public health policies on alcohol and tobacco implemented in the 1960s significantly reduced Australian cancer death rates. The study, published in BMC Medicine, analyzed data from 1911 to 2013 and found that key policies such as random breath testing programs, plain cigarette packaging,...
A study found that women without children increased their binge drinking from 21% to 42% between 2006 and 2018. In contrast, men without children reported the highest levels of binge drinking, while young men with children experienced a decline. The researchers suggest physicians should screen all adults for alcohol use disorders.
Researchers found that type I interferon disrupts the urea cycle in liver cells, leading to altered serum metabolite concentrations and reduced liver pathology. This regulation affects antiviral immunity and reduces liver damage.
A new study reveals that caspase-8 controls multiple cell death mechanisms, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. The research found that the enzymatic activity of caspase-8 is required to inhibit pyroptosis, while inactive caspase-8 induces pyroptosis when necroptosis is blocked.
Researchers will enroll 129 patients with upper extremity hemiparesis and limited hand movement to test contralaterally controlled functional electrical stimulation (CCFES), a new rehabilitation intervention developed by Jayme S. Knutson, PhD. The study aims to determine the optimal method for restoring hand function in stroke survivors.
Researchers on Australia's first space research mission to the International Space Station will investigate how microgravity affects aggressive cancers like ovarian, breast, and lung cancer. The mission may lead to new treatments that enhance existing therapies.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have discovered a significant overlap between genetic mutations causing autism and those related to Alzheimer's disease. The study found thousands of mutations in the aging brains of Alzheimer's patients, including those affecting the protein ADNP.
A new modeling approach can help researchers, policymakers and the public better understand how policy decisions will influence human migration as sea levels rise. The approach suggests that global policy decisions about greenhouse gas emissions and coastal policies will determine whether people need to migrate and where they may go.
Brazilian researchers have reinterpreted the second law of thermodynamics by introducing statistical fluctuations, revealing that entropy can sometimes decrease. This study has practical interest for nanoscale machines and establishes a floor for fluctuations in thermodynamic quantities.
Scientists explore how fire ants build rafts to respond to changes in their environment during floods. The ants' ability to sense and adjust to fluid forces enables the formation of durable and safer rafts.
A new program, CRUP, simplifies analysis of enhancer regions and their target genes in the genome. The tool identifies active enhancers and links them to their respective genes, helping researchers understand complex diseases.
Six leading scientific journals express concerns about EPA's 'Strengthening Transparency in Regulatory Science' rule, citing need for careful analysis of confidential data. The editors-in-chief emphasize the importance of informed decision-making based on full suite of relevant science vetted through peer review.
A study by Oregon State University found that 18 batches of supposedly pure human blood serum contained caffeine, cough medicine, and anti-anxiety drugs, highlighting potential issues with contaminated blood transfusions. The research also tested for interactions between botanical supplements and prescription drugs.
Research suggests that moderate coffee consumption is associated with a reduced risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), a condition characterized by insulin resistance, hypertension, and obesity. The study highlights the potential role of polyphenols in coffee in reducing MetS risk.
The study found that the current system of immediate psychological help after a terrorist attack is inadequate, with most people seeking external help and expressing dissatisfaction with their GP's response. The researchers recommend improving the system to provide better support sooner.
The December issue of SLAS Discovery features articles on new screening tools and assays for medically relevant membrane protein targets. The special issue also includes reviews and original research papers on emerging protein-lipid reconstitution methodologies.
A study by researchers at the University of Montreal found that adolescents who spent more time on social media, television, and computers experienced increased anxiety symptoms. Decreasing screen time was linked to reduced anxiety. The study suggests limiting screen time may be a way to help teens manage anxiety.
Scientists have found two types of movement in nucleoli that contribute to healthy cellular function and may disrupt disease, including cancer. The research sheds light on the forces responsible for maintaining cellular integrity without membranes.
A new study suggests that extra-terrestrial impacts could have triggered the emergence of plate tectonics on early Earth. The research used modelling simulations and comparisons with lunar impact studies to reveal that massive impacts continued to shape the planet for hundreds of millions of years, potentially driving tectonic processes.
Researchers characterized the light-harvesting system of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a common unicellular green alga. The study reveals the assembly mechanisms and energy transfer pathways of the C2S2M2L2 supercomplex, shedding light on efficient light harvesting in green algae.
A study published in eLife analyzed ancient genetic data to investigate the decline of great auks. The findings suggest that intense hunting by humans likely caused their rapid extinction, even if the birds weren't already under threat from environmental changes. This highlights the potential for industrial-scale exploitation to drive ...
Researchers dissected protein pattern formation into its main functional modules and rebuilt the process from scratch, identifying the minimal ingredients needed for self-organisation. The new system produces less regular patterns than native systems but is still sufficient for reproducing basic biological processes.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London and Zhengzhou University have developed a personalised vaccine system that can delay the onset of pancreatic cancer. The system was tested in mice, where it doubled their survival time compared to those without the vaccine.
Research published in the European Respiratory Journal found that women with severe asthma symptoms during pregnancy are at higher risk of pre-eclampsia, high blood pressure, and low birth weight. Babies born to these mothers are also more likely to have respiratory issues and congenital abnormalities.
Argonne researchers used a machine learning algorithm to relate known molecular structures to larger data sets, reducing computational costs while maintaining precision. The approach improved the accuracy of predictions about battery electrolyte candidates, enabling scientists to identify potential materials for next-generation batteries.
Researchers from the Hubrecht Institute and Utrecht University have set up a library of products derived from over ten thousand fungi to find new therapeutic compounds. They found 34 known compounds, including the cholesterol-lowering drug lovastatin, using zebrafish embryos as a test subject.
Scientists at University of Utah Health have discovered new genetic elements that could help control obesity and metabolic disorders. Hibernating mammals have evolved short non-coding DNA snippets near genes linked to obesity in humans.
The study determined the crystal structures of heme uptake system components HtaA and HtaB, revealing a novel fold for heme-binding/transport proteins. The results provide basic knowledge for developing new antibiotics against diphtheria.
New research suggests that fish size, not bypass system route, affects Snake River salmon returns. Larger fish survive at a higher rate in the ocean and as adults in rivers. The study found little evidence of delayed mortality once fish reach estuaries and oceans.
Researchers from Stanford University successfully recorded a blue whale's heart rate for the first time using an electronic sensor attached to the whale's flipper. The data suggests that the whale's heart is operating at its limit, which may explain why blue whales have never evolved to be bigger.
Device-associated infections show higher resistance rates for antibiotic-resistant bacteria compared to surgical site infections, highlighting the need for improved infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship in hospitals.
A study tracked honey bee nutrition and colony growth in Iowa's intensely farmed state. Colonies near soybean fields experienced short-term gains but failed to support long-term health due to lack of floral resources.
A Michigan State University study finds that antibiotic-resistant salmonella strains are increasing, leading to longer hospital stays and worse symptoms. The study also reveals regional differences in the types of salmonella infections, with rural areas affected by enteritis infections.
Research at University of Texas Health Science Center links concussions in high school students to depression and suicidal thoughts. The study reveals teenage males with concussion history are twice as likely to attempt suicide, while females have greater odds of reporting suicidal ideations.
A research project at the University of Córdoba and the University of Zaragoza analyzed legislative changes in water management in Spain, California, and the Murray Darling Basin in Australia. The study shows that despite similarities in agriculture and water scarcity, these regions have distinct approaches to managing their watersheds.
A new research training group funded by the German Research Foundation will investigate the role of interfaces in synthesizing soft advanced materials and manipulating their properties. The group aims to better understand self-organization processes in the presence of interfaces.
Researchers integrated human and animal treatment to eliminate roundworm infections and rabies in Tanzanian villages. The study found no difference in participation rates between combined and stand-alone events.