A team of University of Otago researchers is part of a major new vaccine research project to combat invasive non-typhoidal salmonellosis, a major killer of African children. The Vacc-iNTS project aims to develop an effective vaccine with a five-year budget of NZ$11.8 million.
The new CHIMERA printer produces digital 3D holograms with unprecedented detail and realistic color, created using low-cost commercial lasers and high-speed printing. The printer can produce wide-field-of-view holograms with full parallax, ideal for applications such as museum displays and architectural models.
NASA's Aqua satellite analyzed cloud top temperatures to identify the strongest storms in Tropical Cyclone Maha, indicating a high risk of heavy rain over Lakshadweep Islands. The storm is forecast to move northwest and turn west into the central Arabian Sea.
A new online tool uses an interactive database of genetic information to help authorities quickly identify the origin of confiscated ivory from African elephants. The Loxodonta Localizer matches genetic sequences from poached ivory to those stored in the database, providing a faster and cheaper analysis than current approaches.
Researchers observed reversed halo signs in most cases of CT-based septic pulmonary embolism diagnosis related to IV substance use disorder. The sign is an early and reliable imaging finding.
Researchers discovered that chinampas, a raised field system on artificial islands, can provide fresh produce year-round with low irrigation needs. The system's high productivity and sustainability make it an attractive solution for modern megacities.
The employment-to-population ratio for working-age people with disabilities decreased from 31.4% in October 2018 to 30.7% in October 2019, while the labor force participation rate also declined. Researchers at Kessler Foundation attribute this trend to inadequate vocational planning and rehabilitation services.
Researchers found that activating the apelin receptor led to increased blood pressure due to vasoconstriction, a process also affected by the α1A-adrenergic receptor. The study suggests a coordinated mechanism controlling blood vessel contraction and may support therapy development for vascular stenosis and vasospasm.
A recent study on Reddit's basketball fans reveals that mixing fans of different teams can lead to a backfire effect, resulting in more negative comments and hate speech. The researchers found that when fans interact with opposing groups online, their language patterns deteriorate, becoming increasingly negative and confrontational.
Scientists discover molecular coordination tool and specialized lymphatic capillaries that transport immune cells and drain excess fluids from tissues, controlling fluid composition and cell synchronization during hair follicle stem cell activity.
Research from Lancaster University and other institutions found that collaborations between stakeholders up and down the value chain improve firm innovativeness and enhance new product performance. This helps firms respond to emerging technological trends and changes, increasing adaptability and competitiveness.
A crowdsourcing game called Foldit allows players to design protein structures that are reproduced in labs, showing their accuracy. Researchers also discovered how cooking affects the gut microbiome and found a new material to remove toxic sulfur dioxide gas.
Researchers developed a theory that sheds light on detonation formation at the heart of supernovae explosions, demonstrating the process using experiments and numerical simulations. The study predicts the conditions for detonation formation in Type Ia supernovae, providing insight into fundamental aspects of physical processes.
A KAIST team has designed a new strategy for electronics that can mechanically transform into a wearable electronic device. The platform allows users to seamlessly tune its stiffness and shape, offering robust and convenient interfaces for various applications.
A new study found that only about 6 in 10 lung cancer patients in the US receive recommended treatments, with black patients and those over 80 receiving significantly lower treatment rates. The researchers highlight the importance of communicating benefits of treatment for advanced disease beyond survival.
Biologists at UC Davis propose that species pay attention to each other, especially if they share predators, leading to new insights into population dynamics and cooperation. Advances in technology have made it easier to study short-lived interactions between species in the wild.
A research team at The University of Tokyo has successfully produced helixes that twist preferentially in a particular direction, shedding light on the origin of life's chirality. This breakthrough may lead to new and cheaper drug production methods and finally address the lingering question of how life began.
Research found that low blood oxygen is common in sick children, increasing the risk of death by eight times. The study also highlights the need for better access to pulse oximeters and oxygen therapy in low-income countries.
The Zeriscope system enables veterans to virtually take their doctor with them during prolonged exposure therapy, providing real-time feedback on physical and psychological information. This innovation aims to improve treatment outcomes and reduce dropout rates for veterans with PTSD.
An international team of researchers has created a comprehensive watermelon genome resource to help plant breeders increase the domestic fruit's quality and ability to thrive during an era of climate change. The resource includes genetic insights into wild watermelon species and their potential for disease resistance, paving the way fo...
Moffitt researchers discovered that the STING protein signaling pathway induces an inflammatory response and enables immune cells to recognize human melanoma cells. Activation of STING results in production of interferon-beta and CXCL10, stimulating inflammation and immune response.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have created hybrid porous organic cages capable of high-performance quantum sieving for hydrogen isotope separation. The new material has excellent deuterium/hydrogen selectivity and high deuterium uptake.
Researchers confirmed an exoplanet with a mass like Neptune, orbiting a cooler star at a similar radius to Earth's orbit. The discovery suggests Neptune-sized planets could be common in this region.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a technique using fluorescent probes to study the performance of molecules inside living cells. The probes can accurately measure the rate at which linkers release drugs in cells, enabling pharmaceutical companies to make informed decisions about drug delivery systems.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a way to 3D print living skin complete with blood vessels. The advancement brings researchers closer to creating grafts that are more like the skin our bodies produce naturally, which can accelerate wound healing and improve patient outcomes.
A 40-year study of Lake George's deep waters reveals significant increases in salt and nutrients, but at concentrations still too low to cause harm. The findings serve as an early warning for potential impacts on streams, wetlands, and shallow waters, suggesting a shift in research focus.
A study by Dr. Shizue Masuki found that Interval Walking Training (IWT) improves aerobic capacity and reduces lifestyle-related disease in elderly individuals. IWT involves walking at 70% of maximum capacity for 3 minutes, then at 40% for the next 3 minutes, repeated for 5 or more sets.
Certain species of resident bacteria can produce enzymes to break down fungal cell walls, protecting plant roots. The discovery represents a big step forward for developing sustainable crop production systems with fewer pesticides.
Climate change is projected to cause a dramatic decline in rice yields, potentially devastating global food supplies. The crop's sensitivity to soil arsenic, exacerbated by increased temperatures and irrigation with high-arsenic water, will lead to twice the normal amount of toxic arsenic in rice.
The tourism industry is facing significant challenges due to food waste, with globally estimated 1.3 billion tons of food lost or wasted each year. Food waste in tourist households has been neglected despite growing numbers of tourists and diverse travel experiences.
Researchers identified the GRIK1 gene as a cause of spatial orientation problems in people with Down syndrome. Normalizing the dose of this gene in mouse models reversed the imbalance and eliminated spatial memory issues.
The Alzheimer's Association is investing in three research projects to develop new treatments and protect against Alzheimer's disease. Researchers are exploring a gene that may reduce risk, preventing nerve cell death, and using ultrasound to stimulate brain activity for improved memory.
A study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that low levels of physical activity are associated with higher risks of mortality among Brazilian older adults. The research suggests that regular physical activity can help reduce deaths from heart disease, diabetes, and other chronic conditions.
A new study from UC Berkeley and Yale University found that Hindu children are more likely to associate their faith with their national identity than Muslim peers. The research suggests that these associations can predict support for policies favoring Hindus over Muslims.
A new study published in PLOS Genetics found that heavy smoking can have a causal effect on facial ageing, influencing appearance and wrinkling. Researchers used Mendelian randomization and gene-by-environment interaction tests to identify the effects of smoking heaviness.
NASA's Terra Satellite captures Post-Tropical Cyclone Rebekah as a remnant low-pressure area, devoid of deep convection and strong thunderstorms. Rebekah is expected to weaken into a trough or elongated area of low pressure between 12-24 hours.
Biomedical engineers at Duke University have developed a new method to create stable IDP-based materials by controlling environmental triggers. This allows researchers to harness the phase transition properties of IDPs to build novel materials for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.
The UMass Amherst researchers have developed a portable sensing device capable of detecting and subtyping foodborne pathogens, including bacteria and viruses. This technology has the potential to quickly identify outbreaks and pinpoint the responsible food or ingredient.
Researchers found significant disparities in ADHD diagnoses among racial and ethnic groups, with African Americans more likely to receive a diagnosis than Asians and Hispanics. The study's findings highlight the need for culturally tailored screening tools and diagnostic practices.
A new $1.96 million NIH grant funds a study to curb state of confusion linked to dementia in older adults with mechanical ventilation in ICUs. Researchers will evaluate the effectiveness of slow-tempo classical music in reducing delirium, a form of acute brain failure, in mechanically-ventilated ICU patients age 65 and older.
Scientists have developed a new material that controls cell immune response, using inhibitors placed directly in the material. The polycaprolactone scaffolds are biodegradable and release the inhibitors gradually, which can reduce negative consequences after heart attacks and strokes.
Scientists develop optogenetic approach to control glucose levels in diabetic mice, achieving improved tolerance and regulation of glucose without pharmacological intervention. The light-switchable cells can produce more than two- to three-fold the typical level of insulin in response to glucose levels.
Brookhaven researchers discover a new type of vibrational motion that causes scandium fluoride crystals to buckle and shrink when heated. This phenomenon is relevant to materials used in electronics, medicine, and telecommunications, offering fresh insight into unconventional superconductors and flexible materials.
Researchers identified therapy-induced mutations that cause drug resistance in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who relapse. Thiopurine treatment may prime patients for relapse, and precision medicine approaches, such as immunotherapies, are being explored.
A study by Nationwide Children's Hospital found that media coverage of Kate Spade and Anthony Bourdain's suicides did not always follow best practices, increasing the risk of contagion among vulnerable individuals. The study highlights the importance of following suicide reporting guidelines to reduce this risk.
A team of researchers has discovered a piece of jewelry made from eagle talons, believed to be the oldest known ornament in Europe. The discovery dates back to 39,000 years ago and provides insight into the cultural practices of Neanderthals.
A new study has found that spaying dogs reduces their risk of developing mammary tumors, but may increase the risk of more aggressive cancers. Higher serum estrogen levels in spayed animals with mammary tumors were associated with longer times to metastasis and improved survival times.
Researchers at Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth have developed an approach for detecting a speaker's intent to mislead, which could be used to extract opinion from 'fake news.' The framework uses universal features of deceptive reasoning and has been shown to outperform models based on verbal changes and personal differences.
NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement mission found a small area of heavy rain in Tropical Cyclone Kyarr, with rainfall rates reaching 1.6 inches per hour around the storm's center. The weakening storm is expected to dissipate before reaching Socotra Island.
A study published in PLOS Genetics found that heavy smoking causes faces to look older due to accelerated facial aging. Researchers also identified a higher risk of poor lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among smokers.
Researchers have synthesized a novel sponge-like 2D material with interesting electrical conductivity and magnetic properties. The material, NiTAA-MOF, can conduct electricity when doped with iodine, making it potentially useful for optoelectronics and energy storage.
New study confirms that mechanisms preserving cell identity are based on how DNA is packaged, with histone modifications playing a key role. Chemical changes to histones determine whether chromatin regions are open or compacted, influencing gene expression and cell behavior.
Researchers found that sales relationship disruptions can lead to increased new sale revenue and decreased resale revenue, with total revenue increases ranging from 28.9% to 41.1% in favorable conditions. The study suggests prioritizing efforts on customers subject to a disruption and selecting activities to retain or expand business.
McGill researchers use new instrument to study perovskites, a promising material for solar cells. The discovery reveals that these solids behave like liquids when it comes to electrons' response to light.
Researchers in Brazil have successfully developed a modified strain of Uncaria guianensis, a medicinal plant native to the Amazon Rainforest. By modifying its alkaloid production using 'precursor-directed biosynthesis,' the team was able to create more potent chemicals with enhanced therapeutic effects.
Researchers discovered that itaconate, a compound produced by the immune system, tricks Mtb into using propionate as a growth source. This reaction produces a stable biradical that lingers for over an hour, enabling researchers to grow crystals of the enzyme and understand its mechanism.
Scientists visualize grain structure of perovskite crystals without damaging solar cells, revealing misorientation as primary contributor to strain buildup. The discovery enables researchers to explore strategies to reduce or eliminate non-radiative recombination, a major efficiency-dampening factor in next-gen solar cells.
Researchers have identified the oldest known ortholog of the ion channel defective in cystic fibrosis, found in ancient sea lampreys approximately 450 million years ago. The protein diverges significantly from its human counterpart and has unique functional properties, suggesting a distinct evolutionary history.
A new study by Lund University researchers has identified a key mechanism in insulin release by a cholesterol metabolite. The receptor GPR183 plays a major role in stimulating insulin secretion in human cells and rats.
A large-scale study found that people with autism spectrum disorder have less brain asymmetry, particularly in cortical thickness. The findings suggest altered development of the brain's left-right axis is involved in autism, affecting widespread brain regions.