Researchers found 13.6% of shore crabs infected with Hematodinium parasite, highest rates in spring and male crabs. Environmental DNA analysis revealed early stages of parasite development not present in crabs.
Researchers at TalTech have identified a new receptor, P2X4, in human eosinophils that plays a key role in the communication between the immune system and nervous system. The discovery has implications for understanding multiple sclerosis and cancerous lesions.
Researchers discovered a genetic variant in the Epas1 gene that enables high-altitude deer mice to survive by increasing their heart rate in response to low oxygen levels. This adaptation is also found in Tibetans living at high altitudes, suggesting potential benefits for long-term survival.
Enteric glial cells convert into tumor growth promoters when exposed to secretions from colon tumors, regulating important intestinal functions and interacting with cancer stem cells. The study identifies key molecules involved in this process and offers new potential targets for cancer therapies.
A study by Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center found that shortening surgeon shifts from 24 hours to 12 hours resulted in shorter hospital stays and lower overall costs for patients with acute appendicitis. This change also led to faster patient access to the operating room and reduced infection rates.
Researchers at NTU Singapore developed a tiny quantum communication chip that offers superior security and is 1,000 times smaller than current setups. The chip uses quantum algorithms to form a secure 'quantum key' that is destroyed after transmission.
A new study found that higher education may protect against cognitive decline in older non-Hispanic black people with the APOE e4 gene, a major genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. The study showed that individuals with more than a high school degree performed similarly to non-carriers on memory tests.
Researchers have made a novel discovery about galactic winds, observing a huge outflow of gas extending far beyond a galaxy. The study's findings provide direct evidence for the role of galactic winds in creating the circumgalactic medium.
Researchers discovered that Chlamydia pneumoniae uses a protein called LIPP to transport phosphatidylserine, normally found on the inner membrane leaflet, to the outer surface of human cells. This transport mechanism helps Chlamydium enter cells more easily and avoids triggering cell death.
A new adhesive developed by MIT engineers can tightly bind tissues such as lungs and intestines within five seconds. The double-sided tape can also be used to attach implantable medical devices to tissues, offering a promising alternative to surgical sutures.
A new study finds that adolescents experience mixed feelings about multitasking, with positive emotions increasing feelings of reward and pleasantness, but not reducing subsequent multitasking. Negative emotions have no effect on later actions.
Researchers have found a way to produce corundum nanoparticles using simple mechanochemistry in a ball mill, which could lead to more robust and easier-to-manufacture automotive catalysts and ceramics. The production method involves grinding lumps of boehmite in a ball mill for 3 hours and then heating them briefly.
Researchers studied the contents of exosomes released by melanoma cells and found that they selectively package certain proteins and RNAs to influence immune cell response. This finding suggests that cancer cells may use their exosomes to avoid eradication by subduing T cell activity.
A study found that delaying gallbladder removal for acute cholecystitis by more than three days after hospital admission increases the risk of complications, hospital readmissions, and longer hospital stays. Performing the operation within 24 hours of admission reduces these risks.
Researchers found that mice no longer use the primary motor cortex to control movements once they have mastered a task. After mastering a movement, mice may stop relying on primary motor cortex, suggesting multiple movement control systems in the brain.
A new system designed by MIT and Chilean researchers uses radiative cooling with an aerogel insulation layer to cool objects by up to 23 degrees Fahrenheit, eliminating the need for electricity. The device blocks incoming sunlight while allowing infrared heat to radiate away into space, achieving significant cooling powers.
A $1.6 million grant from NSF will study linkages between urban food security and rural agricultural production, focusing on small-sized urban areas in sub-Saharan Africa. The project aims to translate scientific knowledge into data for policymakers to mitigate food security challenges.
A Colorado State University team is developing small, wearable air pollution sensors to assess occupational hazards. The devices will be easy to use and provide comprehensive data on airborne chemicals, particles, and vapors, making it possible for workers to know what they're breathing.
A modified Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette et Guérin (BCG) vaccine, dubbed dBCG, has been shown to be safer and more effective than traditional BCG therapy for bladder cancer. The new approach involves injecting dBCG directly into bladder cancer tumors to reduce recurrence and progression of the disease.
A new AI-powered computational tool, NucleicNet, has been developed to infer RNA-binding properties of proteins. The software provides additional biological insights that could aid in drug design and development, by revealing detailed RNA-binding properties of these proteins.
Researchers have identified a new therapeutic target for treating cardiovascular disease by studying the role of the TRIB1 protein in immune cells. The study found that higher levels of TRIB1 increased cholesterol uptake in foam cells, promoting arterial disease.
A new study reveals that intact tropical forests have a significantly higher carbon impact than previously thought, with losses between 2000 and 2013 resulting in a 626% increase. This translates to two years' worth of global land-use change emissions and underscores the urgent need for conservation.
Researchers have developed a lithium ion battery design that can charge an electric vehicle in just 10 minutes, increasing its driving range. The design uses elevated temperatures to increase reaction rates and keeps the cell cool during discharge, eliminating the risk of lithium plating and improving cycle life.
Scientists used X-ray microscopy to study the digestive process of malaria parasites, revealing that they store hemoglobin in their digestive vacuole. The parasites then crystallize toxic hemozoin molecules, which active compounds may prevent from forming by disrupting their detoxification process.
A UCSF study found that anti-immigrant rhetoric from the White House harms Latino patients' perceptions of safety and access to emergency care, with 75% of undocumented immigrants feeling unsafe. The study also showed that patients were afraid to come to the ED for care, delaying treatment by two days on average.
Researchers found that individuals go on to achieve eventual success if they learn from previous failures and apply that knowledge forward, whereas others continue to fail until they drop out. The model can aid in making better use of past failed experience for achieving success.
Northwestern University chemists create molecules with specific chemical products and arrangements of atoms, suitable for drug development. The catalyst can be reused for additional reactions, producing high yields.
A study released in PLOS ONE identified 75 species of mosses and liverworts preserved alongside Ötzi, providing insights into the ancient Alps ecosystem. The bryophyte community around 5,000 years ago was similar to today's, while non-local species confirm Ötzi's route through the Schnalstal valley.
Researchers found that probiotic supplementation increased immunity against American Foulbrood and reduced the survival rate of infected bees. The study demonstrated a significant increase in Defensin-1 expression, a key antimicrobial peptide in honey bee defense.
Cassava farmers in Tanzania can reduce disease spread by planting susceptible varieties during the long rainy season and disease-resistant ones during the short rainy season. This approach helps minimize quality loss over repeated planting cycles, offering a cost-effective solution for crop production.
A new study reveals that human brains process faces in a similar way to artificial intelligence systems, with unique activation patterns playing a key role in recognition. The researchers found parallels between the human visual system and deep neural networks, which can improve face recognition capabilities.
The Utah Bionic Leg, developed by the University of Utah, enables amputees to walk with more power and better balance. The prosthetic limb features sensors, motors, a computer processor, and artificial intelligence that work together to provide assistance during walking and other activities.
Researchers created a new fundamental unit of polymers called bundlemers, which can be customized and linked to create rigid, self-assembling chains. These bundles have surprising stiffness and potential applications in industries such as textiles, pharmaceuticals, and aerospace.
A study published in PNAS reveals that DNA helicases unwind the double strand more easily in one direction than the other, with the speed of unwinding depending on the sequence composition of the bases. This discovery has implications for understanding gene expression and the regulation of cellular activities.
A study by University at Buffalo found that teenagers with a positive relationship with their mother are less likely to enter abusive relationships. The research discovered that the child's relationship with their mother serves as a buffer, promoting feelings of self-worth and reducing the risk of abuse.
A new study reveals twisted bilayer graphene can exhibit superconducting and insulating regions, increasing its usefulness for electronic devices. The discovery is a significant advance in the emerging field of Twistronics, enabling the creation of materials with high-temperature superconductivity.
Researchers uncovered that Nodulin26-like-intrinsic-proteins in plants originated from bacterial arsenic detoxification units through horizontal gene transfer. This enabled efficient transport of essential micronutrients like boron and silicon.
Tropical Cyclone Kyarr maintained its eye but became cloud-filled, indicating weakening. The storm's shape and size suggest a gradual weakening process due to environmental conditions.
The study investigates the effect of different stearates on in-situ combustion process, revealing copper stearate as a highly effective catalyst. Copper stearate significantly shifted onset and peak temperatures into lower temperatures, showcasing its potential in catalyzing crude oil combustion.
Researchers created microscopic, 3D-printed tori (donuts) coated with nickel and platinum to mimic biological behavior. These 'micro swimmers' can swim in water, respond to signals, and transport particles, potentially delivering targeted drugs or aiding in micromixing.
Researchers have discovered that avocatin B, found only in avocados, counters incomplete oxidation in skeletal muscle and the pancreas, reducing insulin resistance. The study found significant weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity in mice fed with a high-fat diet supplemented with AvoB.
A study by the University of Córdoba found that optimizing surface roughness and hydrophobicity can create self-cleaning surfaces using 3D printing. The research aims to improve road safety on highways and reduce maintenance costs for traffic signals.
Researchers from SUTD developed syringe-injectable biomaterials with unprecedented capabilities to handle nanosheets. The nanosheets demonstrated syringe-injectability, self-expandability, conformability, and guidability in an external magnetic field.
A large study analyzing 107,000 knee replacement surgeries found significant racial variation in post-operative care. African American patients were more likely to be discharged to an inpatient rehabilitation or skilled nursing facility rather than home care after the procedure.
Researchers at MIT and University of Illinois develop method to control balance in two-legged, teleoperated robot. The approach enables humanoid robots to exert force or push against something without falling, paving the way for high-impact tasks in challenging environments.
New research by UVA neonatologist Jennifer Burnsed suggests that seizures caused by inadequate oxygen and blood flow can lead to behavioral issues and learning disabilities later in life. Mapping brain activity during infant seizures may help predict outcomes and inform treatment options.
Researchers from ICFO have observed a variety of previously unseen superconducting and correlated states in magic-angle graphene, including an entirely new set of magnetic and topological states. The discovery has led to a record-high superconducting transition temperature above 3 kelvin.
A Veterans Affairs study found that bariatric surgery did not result in lower healthcare costs for nearly 10,000 veterans over a 10-year period. Despite the benefits of weight loss and improved health, patients required additional treatment for short-term complications, such as nausea and dehydration, which increased costs.
A study published in Journal of Climate found significant associations between global warming and intensified extreme rainfall in global monsoon regions, affecting nearly two-thirds of the world's population. Regional characteristics, including aerosols, urbanization, and climate natural variability, also impact extreme rainfall.
A new study by University of Illinois expert J. Ryan Lamare examines how firms use alternative dispute resolution practices to resolve workplace issues. The researchers found that firms with different strategic orientations, such as efficiency and satisfaction, are more likely to use mediation or arbitration.
A new study found that girls are less likely to engage in physical activities, with reduced social support and modeling from parents and peers. Interventions targeting peer modeling may help mitigate age-related decline in physical activity among girls.
Research found that maternal exposure to particulate air pollution during pregnancy is associated with decreased heart rate variability in six-month-old infants. This decrease in heart rate variability is a known risk factor for mental and physical health problems later in life.
Interventions aimed at reducing obesity, sedentary behavior, smoking cessation, and improving physical activity have the potential to delay or reduce frailty. Age is a strong predictor of frailty, with other variables such as modifiable risk factors like obesity and lower body strength also being significant risk factors.
A team of international researchers has identified a potential treatment for reducing brain injury in premature babies by targeting hyperactive microglia with a drug that activates the Wnt signalling pathway. This approach may help protect white matter and prevent long-term memory problems associated with preterm birth.
Researchers developed a novel approach to track tremor severity in Parkinson's patients, combining wearable sensors with machine-learning algorithms. The method accurately measures total and resting tremors throughout the day, even during free body movements.
Researchers found thousands of genes affected within ten minutes after water hitting a leaf, leading to strengthened defense hormones. The study also discovered a regulatory network that affects how plant defence hormones are strengthened by mechanical stimulation.
Researchers found that strong relationships between regulators and firms improve monitoring quality initially, but eventually lead to negligence and collusion. The study suggests an optimal duration for relationships may exist, with mandatory auditor rotation programs potentially reducing failures in some cases.
Researchers investigated weight loss surgery and skin cancer risk among 4,000 Swedish patients. The study found a significant association between the two, suggesting that weight loss surgery may reduce skin cancer risk.
A new study found that neatly wrapped gifts lead to higher expectations but lower attitudes towards the gift, while sloppily wrapped gifts yield more favorable attitudes despite representing the same item. Gift givers should consider wrapping time and budget accordingly based on the recipient's relationship.
A study found that Trump's immigration statements made Latino immigrants feel unsafe and anxious, leading to delayed healthcare access. The survey of 452 undocumented immigrants revealed a significant impact on their perceptions of safety and emergency care.