The UK is launching its first solar storm monitor, UK-ODESSI, to strengthen its position in space weather observation and forecasting. The mission will deploy a suite of homegrown scientific instruments on a low-cost spacecraft in low-Earth orbit, including a coronagraph and high-energy particle instrument.
Researchers from KAIST developed a high-performance, low-power NPU technology that can improve the inference performance of generative AI models like ChatGPT by over 60% while consuming approximately 44% less power compared to the latest GPUs.
Researchers observed chimpanzees adopting the behaviour from one another, suggesting it serves social purposes rather than having no immediate use. The study highlights the animals' ability to copy and modify behaviours, similar to humans.
A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that warmer summer temperatures increase tree growth, but less snow on the ground slows this growth significantly. This means that New England forests' ability to store carbon in future climate scenarios is likely overestimated.
The Siberian flying squirrel's genetic diversity is lowest in Finland and highest in the Russian Far East, highlighting a need for taxonomic re-evaluation and conservation efforts. The species' western populations are facing population declines and habitat loss, compromising their capacity to adapt to environmental changes.
Experts call for radical change to make participatory healthcare the norm, valuing lived experiences and expertise equally. This shift is critical for improving healthcare's relevance, effectiveness, and inclusivity.
A new study found that over 30% of kissing bugs in Florida harbor the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes Chagas disease. The researchers suggest preventative measures such as inspecting homes for entry points and removing wood piles to safeguard against transmission.
Researchers analyzed seismic waveform data to reveal a complex source process with multiple rupture episodes. The study found that the earthquake exhibited unconventional rupture behavior, with asymmetric ruptures propagating in both north and south directions.
Bentham Science Publishers announces that MicroRNA has been awarded an Impact Factor ranking for 2024. The journal continues to lead the list with a 2024 impact factor of 5.3, followed by Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery and Current Medicinal Chemistry.
This special collection aims to bring together cutting-edge research on cognitive aging, exploring its cellular and molecular underpinnings, as well as psychosocial and environmental factors. The collection seeks to foster a holistic understanding of how cognitive function changes with age.
Researchers suggest our galaxy might sit in a large, local void that makes the cosmos expand faster here than elsewhere. The 'sound of the Big Bang' supports this idea by distorting baryon acoustic oscillations, which provide a standard ruler for charting cosmic expansion history.
A compound called NSC51349 has shown promise as an antiviral treatment against cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPVs), reducing viral load without harming host cells. The discovery offers new potential for treating skin infections and cancers in immunocompromised individuals.
The Congregational Care Network (CCN) program connects older adults with trained volunteers from local congregations, resulting in reduced loneliness and emergency department visits. Participants reported improved access to healthcare, calmer settings, and more consistent relationships with healthcare providers.
New research identifies 'general motor skills' as crucial for world-class performance across various athletic disciplines. World-class experts show fewer inefficiencies in elastic tissue motions compared to regional-level and novice competitors.
Scientists identified a unique protein in bacteria that can trap parts of the membrane, causing damage to other bacteria. This discovery reveals a new 'superfamily' of lipid-trapping proteins, which could have implications for antibacterial development and synthetic biology.
Researchers analyzed single-cell transcriptome data to reconstruct communication networks among human preimplantation lineages. They found that signaling crosstalk between tri-lineages is crucial for lineage specification and cell fate regulation during human embryonic development.
New research suggests that the devastating 2021 floods in Germany could have been even more damaging with small shifts in atmospheric conditions. The study found that rainfall characteristics could have lasted longer and spread across larger areas, causing worse flooding downstream.
A recent multinational study found that people diagnosed with dementia are living longer due to advancements in diagnosis and care. The study of over 1.2 million individuals across eight regions revealed a lower risk of death in five regions, primarily attributed to improved prevention and treatment methods.
Researchers investigate whether language alone is sufficient to understand color metaphors and find that hands-on experiences using color unlock deeper conceptual representations in language. ChatGPT generates consistent color associations but struggles with novel metaphors and embodied explanations.
Researchers found that human stem cells can differentiate into bone cells simply by being squeezed through narrow spaces. This discovery could lead to the development of simpler and safer regenerative therapies by using physical signals instead of chemical cues. The study's findings have broader implications, including potential applic...
Researchers at University of California, Riverside, found that symmetrical silicon molecules can be fine-tuned for quantum electron behavior, turning conductivity on or off like a molecular-scale switch. This discovery could lead to ultra-small switches and thermoelectric devices, revolutionizing electronics.
Researchers developed an AI-powered diagnostic approach using quantitative biomarkers and biometrics to rapidly assess neurodivergent disorders. The method has the potential to diagnose autism or ADHD in as little as 15 minutes, providing healthcare providers with additional tools to tailor treatments.
A new study published in Nature Climate Change found that most people are more likely to support climate policies if they see a connection between extreme weather and climate change. Strong support was observed in African and Asian countries, as well as among individuals who attribute extreme weather events to climate change.
A combination of data from the FDA and independent studies confirms 7-OH's strong real-world safety profile, with no confirmed deaths reported despite over half a billion estimated doses consumed nationwide. The analysis also found that 7-OH has a significantly lower risk profile than many other natural compounds currently on the market.
Physicists from Aalto University have measured a transmon qubit coherence time of over a millisecond, surpassing previous records and enabling more complex quantum computations. This breakthrough marks a significant step towards noiseless quantum computing.
A new study by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia researchers found that US children's health is declining across multiple measurements. Chronic illnesses, physical and mental health conditions, and increased mortality rates were observed compared to other high-income nations.
Seeds can achieve speeds up to 29 miles per hour and reach shooting distances of up to 12 meters, propelled by high-pressure explosions. The fruit stem straightens up during ripening, creating an optimal angle for maximum distance.
Researchers developed a new method for selective conversion of epoxides using glutathione S-transferase enzymes, producing pure substances with desired properties. The process is inspired by nature's detoxification mechanism and demonstrates the potential to translate natural reactions into useful syntheses.
Researchers investigated spatial and seasonal variations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the Seto Inland Sea. The study found that dissolved and particulate PCB concentrations peaked in different seasons due to varying environmental conditions.
Dr. Xuyu Qian's pioneering research using MERFISH technology created an unprecedented developmental atlas of the human cerebral cortex, analyzing over 18 million single cells. His work aims to identify mechanisms disrupted in conditions like malformations and autism spectrum disorder.
Dr. Mirko Manchia's groundbreaking research identifies genetic markers predicting treatment response in bipolar patients, enabling precision medicine approaches to transform psychiatric care. He envisions a future where genetic testing becomes routine in psychiatric care.
Researchers developed Group Encoding (GE) to forecast electricity demand using On/Off device status, improving prediction accuracy and efficiency in smart energy operation. The method simplifies complex datasets while retaining key information for optimal energy management.
A UK-led mission plans to recreate artificial solar eclipses in space to study the Sun's atmosphere and shed light on space weather. The MESOM mission would use a mini-satellite and the Moon's shadow to capture unprecedented views of the Sun's corona.
A new study published in JCPP Advances found that watching a ten-minute video can shift how teenagers view themselves by promoting mental well-being. The intervention appeared to have little immediate effect on symptoms of anxiety or depression, but may work best as part of a broader toolkit of services.
A recent survey found that 39% of respondents incorrectly identified all processed foods as unhealthy. However, the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine reports that it is not processed plant foods but rather meat consumption associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
A recent study found that forest fragmentation weakens ecosystem resilience in tropical and temperate forests, while enhancing it in boreal forests. The research used satellite data to quantify the effects of edge density on forest resilience worldwide.
GeniPhys has received FDA clearance for its self-assembling collagen scaffold, Collymer Self-Assembling Scaffold (SAS), which supports cellular infiltration and vascularization. The technology is indicated for various wound types and anchors a growing intellectual property portfolio with nearly 20 issued or pending patents.
Researchers have created a comprehensive geochemical database of igneous zircon and their host rocks to predict the chemical makeup of ancient 'missing' rocks. This approach sheds light on the formation of Earth's Hadean crust through convergent tectonics, offering new insights into primordial crust formation.
A new study from Uppsala University finds that targeted training for healthcare professionals and parents significantly increases skin-to-skin contact between newborns and their parents in the first 48 hours after birth. This leads to improved health benefits for both the baby and parent, with a notable increase in the proportion of ba...
A new study reveals that global ocean analysis products can replace expensive in-situ sound speed measurements for precise seafloor positioning. Global ocean analysis achieves centimeter-level accuracy, comparable to traditional methods, and reduces costs and logistical challenges in marine geodetic surveys.
A new prototype imaging system combines light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with hyperspectral imaging technology to create detailed maps of tissue properties invisible to conventional cameras. The system shows promise for cancer detection during endoscopy, achieving real-time speeds and high-quality data comparable to reference systems.
The Center will develop personalized CRISPR on-demand treatments for children with severe inborn errors of immunity and metabolic disease. The initiative aims to make CRISPR cures more affordable and accessible, building on recent clinical success in treating ultra-rare genetic diseases.
A new study from the University at Albany's Oral Health Workforce Research Center analyzed data on Federally Qualified Health Centers and found that capacity-building steps such as investing in skilled providers and improving infrastructure enable more people to access essential health services. The study identified three leading facto...
Researchers have observed the luminescence of an excited complex formed by two donor molecules, opening possibilities for developing simpler, more efficient OLED devices. The discovery also enables the creation of sensitive sensors capable of detecting low concentrations of explosive substances.
A multinational research team analyzed life history trait data for 1,613 fish species across 14 major rivers worldwide. They found significant variation in life history traits among river systems, strongly associated with key environmental variables.
Wassim Itani is researching the translation potential of secure and efficient software updates in industrial internet of things architectures. The project aims to address critical challenges such as limited computing resources and lack of operational standards in IIoT devices.
A novel clustering method combines instance contrastive learning and swapped contrastive learning for scRNA-seq data, achieving more accurate cell clustering performance. The method projects cell representations to a 2D t-SNE space, forming clear boundaries between clusters.
A new study in iScience journal reveals new insights into the lives of 380-million-year-old lungfish, shedding light on their diet and predatory powers. The research uses high-tech examination of fossilized jawbones to evaluate how multiple species co-existed in a tropical prehistoric ecosystem.
Physicists Björn Birnir and Luiza Angheluta develop a new mathematical model to characterize Lagrangian turbulence, which captures its complex phenomena. The study reveals the presence of a Lagrangian scaling regime and connects three scaling regimes as the turbulent flow evolves.
A Brazilian researcher is studying induced pluripotent stem cells from centenarians to understand cellular resilience in COVID-19 survivors. The study aims to identify key cellular pathways that influence longevity and potentially contribute to therapeutic approaches for age-related diseases.
A new study using data from NASA's Parker Solar Probe confirms the presence of the 'helicity barrier', a previously theorized phenomenon that fundamentally changes how fluctuations dissipate and heat plasma. This discovery sheds light on properties of the solar wind, including its proton-hot electron-cold composition.
A study found that exposure to β-glucan reprograms immune cells in the lungs, causing them to overreact and worsen lung damage. The research suggests that trained immunity in the lungs may have negative consequences in certain contexts.
Gene coexpression analysis reveals optimal markers of cell types and states, providing opportunities for developing novel biomarkers and targeted treatment strategies for glioma patients. Dr. Oldham's work tackles the reproducibility crisis in science, emphasizing data metadata standardization.
Astronomers aim to unlock secrets of the 'Cosmic Dawn' by sending a miniature spacecraft to detect faint signals from hydrogen in early universe. The UK-led CosmoCube mission would observe from far side of Moon, creating a quiet spot to listen for an 'ancient whisper'.
Researchers at University of Queensland have discovered a nanobody to combat two highly lethal viruses with no approved vaccine or cure. The DS90 nanobody can access hard-to-reach areas of the virus to block infection.
Replacing animal products with plant-based foods, including ultra-processed ones, leads to significant weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity in people with type 1 diabetes. A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial found that the vegan group experienced reduced body weight and increased insulin sensitivity.
Researchers identify new group of immune cells driving autoimmune attack on insulin-producing cells in pancreas during cancer immunotherapy. JAK inhibitors, already FDA-approved for psoriasis and arthritis, show potential to prevent and even reverse type 1 diabetes in preclinical models.
A University of Mississippi study found that young adult novels are increasingly featuring older protagonists, with 17-year-olds dominating the genre. This shift may be driven by adult readers influencing the market, making it harder for librarians to recommend books suitable for younger teens.
Dr. Phil Costanzo, a Cal Poly chemistry professor, has been recognized with the Jack Flack Norris Award for his contributions to chemistry education. He co-founded the Macromolecular Alliance for Community Resources & Outreach (MACRO), a joint service committee that provides freely accessible educational resources for polymer chemists.
Researchers have uncovered how PAF triggers esophageal muscle contraction, revealing that non-VDCC channels, particularly Orai1, are key drivers of this process. This finding could lead to more effective treatments for esophageal and gastrointestinal symptoms in allergic conditions.