Researchers found that lemborexant improves sleep patterns and reduces abnormal tau protein buildup, which causes inflammation and brain cell death. The study suggests lemborexant could help treat or prevent neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal syndrome.
Researchers at KAUST have developed a simple method to track body water levels during fasting and intense physical activity using capacitive sensors found in smartphone screens. The system achieved impressive accuracy rates of up to 92% in detecting dehydration among athletes and 87% among fasting individuals.
Researchers suggest wide-orbit planets are natural by-products of a chaotic early phase in planetary system development. Simulations show that internal instabilities and gravitational influence can trap planets in extreme orbits.
Researchers at Tulane University discovered that search engines can lead users into digital echo chambers because of how they phrase their search queries. This phenomenon, known as the 'narrow search effect,' makes it harder for people to discover broader perspectives.
A little free library was placed near a rural primary care clinic to increase access to anxiety, depression and PTSD resources. Patients who take books complete a survey to assess resource usefulness, allowing for future evaluation of the intervention's impact.
Researchers at CRCHUM have discovered a crucial biomarker, miR-423-5p microRNA, to predict kidney function and diagnose chronic renal failure. The breakthrough could lead to early diagnosis, targeted approaches, and improved treatment options for millions of patients worldwide.
A new study applies network analysis to large-scale data from the French labor market, identifying four main clusters: diffusers, channels, hubs, and condensers. Diffuser occupations offer wide exit opportunities but are hard to enter, while channels and hubs face accessibility issues.
Hospitalized heart failure patients in the US are living longer and receiving more optimized evidence-based care. The American Heart Association's Get With The Guidelines - Heart Failure registry reveals lasting benefits for patients and hospitals, with lower 30-day mortality rates correlating to better long-term survival.
Researchers developed a dual action immunotherapy using CAR-T cells targeting CD19 and CD22 proteins in B-ALL cancer cells, increasing the efficacy of treatment and reducing relapse rates.
The ISSCR has assembled an international consortium to support the adoption of human stem cell-derived disease models for drug discovery and development. This initiative aims to reduce R&D costs and accelerate therapy development, aligning with efforts by regulatory bodies such as the FDA, NIH, and European Commission.
A team of researchers at KAUST has developed a powerful modeling approach to integrate spatially misaligned datasets, including air pollution prediction and disease mapping. The new model uses the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) framework to merge geographically inconsistent datasets, providing faster and more accurate p...
A new study reveals that boys who are overweight in their early teens risk damaging the genes of their future children, increasing the chances of developing asthma, obesity, and low lung function. The researchers identified epigenetic changes in over 2,000 sites in 1,962 genes linked to fat cell formation and lipid metabolism.
Researchers measured air quality over 19 months to capture both smoky and clear days, finding increases in fine aerosols and carbon monoxide during wildfires. The study has implications for weather, cloud formation, and public health.
Astrophysicist Kyu-Hyun Chae develops a new method to measure gravity with 3D velocities of wide binary stars, confirming modified gravity at low acceleration. The results show that standard gravity is outside the 99.997% probability range for internal accelerations below 1 nm/s^2.
A research team at POSTECH developed a metasurface technology that can display multiple high-resolution images on a single screen, overcoming conventional holographic limitations. The innovation uses nanostructure pillars to precisely manipulate light, allowing for different images based on wavelength and polarization direction.
Experts from Radboud University argue that climate policy's success depends on building public trust. Without it, technological breakthroughs like carbon capture and storage are hindered by lack of support from society. Citizens' councils can help bridge the gap by allowing informed opinion formation and nuance, according to research
An experimental study found that humans are less likely to exhibit fairness, trust, and cooperation when interacting with a large language model (LLM) compared to another human. Participants in online games played with either a human or an LLM acting on behalf of another person showed reduced social behavior.
A study of Ontario family physicians found that 19.2% worked in focused roles, with emergency medicine accounting for 37%, while comprehensive care declined despite a growing workforce. A second study identified opportunities for AI to improve primary care eVisits, highlighting staff and patient concerns and potential uses of AI.
A new quantum random number generator has been developed, surpassing existing generators in speed and size. This breakthrough could significantly impact industries relying on strong data security, including health, finance, and defense.
The EQUALITY project is developing advanced quantum computer algorithms for strategic industrial problems in areas like energy storage and aerodynamics. A webinar series will highlight these advancements, showcasing novel quantum approaches and their industrial applications.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have created mirror-image molecules that both directly attack bacterial membranes and stimulate the immune system. The dual-action peptides have shown promise in treating infections by reducing bacterial counts and speeding healing, while also promoting sustained immune response.
MenstruAI analyzes menstrual blood to detect disease biomarkers, offering an early warning system for women's health. The technology uses a paper-based test strip and smartphone app to analyze protein concentrations.
Scientists at Terasaki Institute engineer a novel 3D glioblastoma model that mimics brain tissue and pericyte role, showing increased resistance to chemotherapy. The model increases sensitivity of GBM cell lines to TMZ by 22-32%.
The Zika virus employs its host cells' autophagy mechanism to suppress proteins that would trigger an antiviral response, allowing for sustained infection. This unique strategy involves the manipulation of three proteins on the viral membrane, which are also involved in viral entry and replication.
A recent study found that individuals with a specific type of gut bacteria (Firmicutes) had higher bone mineral density and better metabolic health. The researchers suggest that promoting the growth of butyrate-producing bacteria could be an effective strategy for maintaining bone mass and preventing osteoporosis.
Researchers at TU Wien have developed a method to create artificial blood vessels using ultrashort laser pulses, enabling the creation of mini organ models with precise control and reproducibility. The technology has been successfully applied to liver tissue models, resulting in improved metabolic activity and adequate nutrient supply.
A recent study analyzed journal articles from low- and middle-income countries published in family medicine journals based in high-income countries. The findings revealed an increase in publication of research articles from these regions, with a higher proportion of senior authors from upper-middle-income countries.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have made a breakthrough in creating an effective HIV vaccine by developing a two-step vaccination strategy that induces powerful broadly neutralizing antibodies. The approach successfully blocked nearly 70% of HIV strains, including those typically hard to target.
A study by Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Kentucky found that employees assigned to more complex projects during their first two years had higher levels of learning, professional certifications, and promotion rates. This suggests that early career experiences play a crucial role in shaping future career development.
Researchers have developed a novel approach to achieve high-speed data transmission over long distances using platicon frequency microcombs. The technology demonstrates stable terabit/s coherent optical communication in free-space links, overcoming previous challenges such as beam stabilization and phase recovery. This breakthrough sup...
Researchers developed a wearable smart photonic wristband that assesses cardiorespiratory function and performs biometric identification, expanding personalized medicine applications. The device features an all-polymer sensing unit with high stability and durability, enabling continuous real-time monitoring of physiological information.
Dr. Cara Boutte is studying how certain bacteria grow by building their cell walls, which could lead to more effective antibiotics. Understanding this growth pattern could help scientists develop targeted and effective treatments for infections like tuberculosis.
Dr. John Michopoulos received the Navy Meritorious Civilian Service Award for his 35-year contributions to Navy science and technology, including groundbreaking research in multiphysics and multiscale modeling. His work enhanced the Navy's capabilities for high-throughput material characterization and performance prediction.
Researchers found that artificial water bodies, especially historic stone tanks, support a higher diversity of species compared to natural habitats. These structures serve as stable environments for vulnerable eggs and larvae, providing a lifeline for amphibian populations amidst climate change and land-use change.
Sustained midlife weight loss was associated with lower chronic disease incidence and decreased all-cause mortality. The study's findings suggest that maintaining a healthy weight during middle age can have long-term health benefits.
Researchers found large differences in species communities among old-growth, managed, and clearcut forests in boreal Europe. Species richness increases with forest age, especially in full-canopy forests.
A new study by Virginia Tech Transportation Institute found that teen drivers who practiced more had 30% fewer crash or near-crash incidents. Researchers analyzed data from 82 teen drivers monitored for 22 months, revealing that supervised driving experiences and safety education are crucial for reducing novice driver risks.
Germinated flours offer nutritional benefits by increasing resistant starch, antioxidants, and bioactive compounds. However, incorporating them into bread recipes can alter the dough's texture, volume, and structure, impacting consumer experience.
Researchers developed a remote sensing tool to monitor coral bleaching in the Red Sea, utilizing satellite imaging and analyzing changes in light reflection. The tool can accurately identify bleached corals, providing early warnings for conservation strategies, and supporting sustainable fisheries and tourism management.
A new wearable device tracks the brain's glymphatic system, a waste-removal and nutrient-delivery system. The study found that this system is active in both deep and REM sleep, as well as when waking up, and accelerates with longer sleep duration.
A USTC research team monitored seismic wave speeds in the Anninghe fault zone, finding distinct diurnal and semi-diurnal cycles that correlated with tidal forces. These periodic changes reflect the impact of tidal forces on the internal stress field of the fault zone, offering a new method for detecting earthquake precursors.
Researchers found that central body fat, especially around the abdomen, is a stronger link to psoriasis risk than total body fat. This association remained consistent regardless of genetic predisposition, suggesting abdominal fat as an independent risk factor.
MIT researchers developed a new hypothesis for how astrocytes contribute to memory storage, proposing that they encode memories through gradual changes in calcium flow patterns. This information is conveyed to neurons via gliotransmitters released at synapses connected to astrocyte processes.
A new thesis on Uppsala University's Main Building delves into its architectural design, exploring how the building deviated from original plans. The study reveals the significance of antiquity-inspired themes, including a dragon mural and plaster casts of statues.
A new study reveals that the weight of fathers during adolescence can harm genes in future children, linked to asthma, obesity, and low lung function. The effect is more pronounced in female children, highlighting a potential vulnerability window for lifestyle influences.
Labelling non-adherence as a patient trait can obscure underlying factors like systemic racism and underinsurance. Clinician choice generates the label, leading to stigmatized records and delayed therapy escalation.
Researchers developed a new approach to measure the Pace of Aging in population-based studies, revealing trajectories of healthspan and lifespan in older people. The method distinguishes differences caused by early-life factors from those caused by aging, consistently predicting future health outcomes.
The global ocean has experienced a significant reduction in the depth of its photic zones, home to 90% of all marine life, leading to widespread ocean darkening. This change could have profound implications for the planet's marine species and ecosystem services.
This study investigated the correlation between miR-124-3p expression and BDNF levels in a rat model of spinal cord injury. The findings show a significant downregulation of miR-124-3p and upregulation of BDNF levels following SCI, suggesting a potential regulatory role of miR-124-3p in BDNF expression and SCI pathophysiology.
The study identified four simple ways music learning technology can aid prospective musicians, including helping people improve recall while listening and replaying notes indefinitely. Researchers found that existing digital learning tools were not being used effectively by students despite their availability.
A new IIASA-led study uses satellite imagery and machine learning to monitor street-level greenery in cities worldwide. The results show a global decline of 0.3-0.5% per year, with sharper declines in Asia and Oceania. Uneven distribution raises concerns about fairness and access to green space.
The American Heart Association is launching an initiative to close knowledge gaps and raise awareness of gene editing therapies for transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). The effort will improve education, outreach, and access to early diagnosis and emerging treatments for cardiac amyloidosis.
Tumors exploit lipid metabolism to evade immune surveillance and manipulate the tumor microenvironment. Lipid metabolism-related molecules serve as potential biomarkers for early cancer detection and guide diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decisions.
A study published in Genome Medicine has identified the underlying predisposition for Wilms' tumors, highlighting the role of mutations in tumor suppressor genes like WT1. The research also reveals a significant proportion of childhood kidney tumors have a hereditary component, with implications for genetic counseling and monitoring.
New research reveals distinct effects of APOE isoforms on human microglia function, with APOE4 increasing inflammation and APOE2 promoting proliferation and migration. The study suggests targeted interventions based on APOE genotypes may be crucial in disease progression.
A one-year study of 53 healthy women with regular ovulatory cycles found that mild breast tenderness and swelling before menstruation are common and expected. The study suggests that these symptoms may occur more frequently during normal ovulation than previously thought, contradicting previous assumptions about premenstrual syndrome.
Researchers at University of Gothenburg identified a group of nerve cells controlling semaglutide's appetite-suppressing effects without causing nausea. The discovery may lead to improved treatments for obesity and type 2 diabetes.
A new PbTiO3-based perovskite system exhibits enhanced tetragonalities and realizes NTE over a broad temperature range, with potential applications as thermal expansion compensators.
Researchers developed a multilayer device with high absorptivity in H/K bands and low emissivity in MWIR/LWIR bands, while utilizing VLWIR for efficient radiative heat dissipation. The device successfully concealed thermal radiation and reflected signals, achieving significant temperature reductions.
New research reveals complex challenges Aboriginal people face when seeking support after a road traffic injury, including lack of awareness and culturally insensitive systems. The study calls for a national overhaul of compensation and return-to-work programs centered on Indigenous knowledge and cultural determinants of health.