The new book examines language attrition in non-pathological settings, considering social, lexical, and grammatical constraints. Researchers aim to develop a multifaceted approach to combating language loss, improving pedagogy and promoting bilingualism.
Scientists develop novel experimental screening method to identify highly selective peptides with high therapeutic potential, enabling precise recognition of proteins involved in cancer and diabetes. The technique uses biologically- and chemically-modified bacteriophages to screen up to 1 billion peptides simultaneously.
A new study has created a culturally-informed approach to screening for food insecurity among Navajo Nation patients, reducing stigma and improving patient comfort. The alternative screener reflects local food traditions and community food access better, capturing unique aspects of the issue.
Researchers identify three primary UPR pathways and their downstream cascades, which play a crucial role in the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Targeting these pathways with emerging drugs may alleviate bone-related events and kill tumors localized in bones.
The Global Virus Network is launching a coordinated, multi-country evaluation of rapid point-of-care mpox diagnostics to prevent resurgence and ensure global readiness. The study compares diagnostics across four countries using a common approach and will help set the standard for outbreak preparedness worldwide.
A new study reveals that fluoxetine alters how brain cells manage their energy and rebuild connections, potentially helping the brain adapt during depression treatment. This changes may create a window of plasticity or flexibility in the brain.
The Yunxian 2 cranium, dated to nearly one million years ago, exhibits a mix of primitive traits from earlier humans and more derived features shared with Homo longi and Homo sapiens. This suggests that the Yunxian group may represent a transitional form, capturing an early phase of rapid diversification within these lineages.
The research team developed multifunctional nanocomposites that demonstrate excellent tumor-targeting capability through the EPR effect. Irradiation with near-infrared laser light achieved multidimensional therapeutic effects, including complete elimination of transplanted mouse cancers within 5 days.
A two-year field experiment found that one-time nitrogen application increases both soil and canopy ammonia emissions in maize fields. Split nitrogen application is a more sustainable choice with lower NH3 emissions and better maize productivity.
Researchers developed a catalytic system for efficient lignin depolymerization under low oxygen pressure, utilizing the synergistic effect between H3PMo12O40 and acetic acid. The system achieved over 20 wt% yield of carbonyl-containing aromatics with reduced energy barrier and prevented condensation side reactions.
The study of Neanderthal footprints offers a unique window into everyday behaviour, providing insight into their physical presence, locomotion strategies, diet and social structure. The research suggests that Neanderthals were more versatile and ecologically adapted to coastal environments than previously believed.
Researchers at UC Riverside discovered a carbon burial process in the ocean that can cause Earth's temperature to overshoot and cool down, potentially triggering an ice age. The study suggests that the planet's thermostat is not functioning as expected due to changes in atmospheric oxygen levels.
A new study estimates that tropical cyclones cause the death of 850,000 children under five from 2000 to 2020. The research found a significant link between cyclone exposure and child mortality, emphasizing the urgent need for disaster preparedness in vulnerable regions.
A study has identified KIMA, a genomic signature associated with a poor treatment response in HR+/HER2- breast cancer patients. The signature, composed of nine genes, can predict disease progression and overall survival, enabling personalized therapy selection.
Researchers at MIT developed a new approach to design complex material structures that account for 3D printing limitations, improving reliability in aerospace and medical applications. The technique enables precise control over material performance and reduces deviations from intended mechanical behavior.
A study examined Vietnamese mangrove carbon since 1900 and found restored forests to act as important carbon stores. However, the study suggests that these ecosystems might not possess 'normal' ecological functions.
A team of researchers developed a self-sustaining solar-powered system that produces green hydrogen by coupling photothermal atmospheric water harvesting with proton exchange membrane electrolysis. The system maintains stable performance even under low humidity conditions, reaching a hydrogen production rate of nearly 300 mL per hour.
FHBDSR-Net is an AI tool that accurately measures diseased spikelet rate in wheat Fusarium Head Blight from phone images, providing efficient phenotyping support for resistance breeding. The model achieves high accuracy and robustness, with excellent generalization ability and lightweight properties.
A team developed a method using generative adversarial networks (GANs) to learn underlying patterns in real spectrograms and reconstruct species-specific vocal components. This approach captures hidden features of the acoustic space, enabling precise separation of target sound sources and effective removal of environmental noise.
A new study decodes the mechanism of glioblastoma's resistance to chemotherapy by identifying a HIF-independent circuit built around the epigenetic enzyme PRMT2. Researchers found that combining an existing orphan drug with standard chemotherapy can overcome this resistance, doubling survival without added toxicity.
A global field experiment found that camouflage and warning coloration are effective antipredator strategies under different ecological conditions. The study suggests that predator competition is a key factor shaping the evolution of these strategies, with camouflage potentially being less stable than warning coloration.
Researchers develop natural electron donor–assisted healing and targeted surface reconstruction strategy to regenerate degraded LiFePO₄ cathode materials. The approach reduces harmful defects and improves the rate performance of revived cathodes.
A new study from Mount Sinai Health System suggests that a simple tweak to how AI assigns diagnostic codes can improve accuracy and even surpass physician performance. By allowing the model to reflect and review similar past cases, researchers found better results in reducing time spent on paperwork and billing errors.
A Cornell University study detected disease-causing microbes like Salmonella, Cronobacter, and E. coli in raw cat foods sold frozen, refrigerated, and freeze-dried. These pathogens can transfer from pets to humans, especially young children, the elderly, pregnant individuals, and those with weakened immune systems.
A new meta-analysis of 327 studies with over 282,000 participants reveals that AI agents excel in situations where a negative response is required, such as rejecting loan applications. However, human presence remains essential in tasks requiring empathy and spontaneity.
The US Climate Collection aims to publish U.S.-focused climate assessment science and research synthesis papers to inform future national and sub-national assessments. The collection welcomes studies that advance the evidence-based design of future U.S. assessments of climate risks and solutions.
A large study from University Hospitals Connor Whole Health found that recreative and music-assisted relaxation/imagery interventions were 37% and 48% more likely to reduce pain intensity than receptive only interventions. Longer sessions and explicit pain management goals also contributed to increased pain reduction.
Researchers have identified a minority of plasmids as the primary cause of multidrug resistance in bacteria, evolving to gain resistance through selective pressure from antibiotics. The study developed a model for plasmid evolution, highlighting pathways and predicting future outbreaks.
Expert research reveals hundreds of thousands of unknowing banking customers could be incorrectly labelled with fraud markers, causing significant stress and hardship. The book highlights the devastating toll of ordinary people being wrongly linked to fraud, often due to third-party errors or fake businesses.
Researchers developed a new technology that controls fluids and particles in three dimensions using virtual thermal barriers generated with light. The system can deflect, trap, or split particles without fixed physical structures.
Researchers discovered a strong link between our internal circadian clock and the breakdown of old bone tissue. The study found that bone resorption is closely tied to the body's natural rhythm, with implications for maintaining bone integrity and preventing conditions like osteoporosis.
Researchers from Perugia University explore how machine learning can aid in earlier hazard detection and improved risk communication. However, they caution that ML tools must be used responsibly and transparently to ensure accurate predictions and avoid potential pitfalls.
Researchers at UC Irvine have developed a novel immunotherapeutic approach that targets cancer-associated glycans to trigger tumor cell death. The therapy, called GlyTR, has shown safety and effectiveness in models of various cancers, including leukemia, and is expected to pave the way for targeted T-cell therapy to solid tumors.
School participation in universal free meals was associated with a net reduction in blood pressure outcomes among youths, according to a cohort study. The findings contribute to growing evidence that such programs may improve child health.
A new research network aims to detect early signs of dementia through open-source digital tools. Penn State will lead a $39 million grant to advance Alzheimer's detection and reduce the financial, interpersonal, and health impacts of Alzheimer's disease.
Flavored marijuana vaping is now the most common form of cannabis use among American teenagers who vape, with use increasing by 20% between 2021 and 2024. The trend suggests that flavored solutions are gaining traction among youth, leading to growing public health concerns about changing patterns of substance use.
Researchers found 270 genera of fungi in Beijing subway stations, with dominant species varying by season and station type. The study highlights the importance of considering fungi in public health initiatives and air quality management.
A new study found that 80% of participants who reported a change in their smelling ability after COVID-19 scored low on a clinical scent-detection test two years later. Those with a history of COVID-19 may be especially at risk for hyposmia, an issue underrecognized among the general population.
Researchers have found that tiny worms can help understand how memories fade, with dopamine playing a major role. Without dopamine, the worms held onto memories longer than usual, revealing that forgetting is a finely tuned process essential for staying focused and flexible.
Researchers will analyze genetic diversity and structure of four key sponge species to enhance resilience in restored populations. The project aims to build ecological resilience in vulnerable marine environments through a genetics-based approach.
This study reveals a critical role for uninfected cells (UCs) in storing and releasing nutrients within soybean nodules, supporting symbiotic nitrogen fixation. UCs serve as a central hub for regulating N fixation by interacting with adjacent infected cells (ICs), controlling the efficiency of nitrogen fixation.
Recent advances focus on stabilizing iron carbide active phases, reducing H2O adsorption, and enhancing thermal stability to improve catalytic performance and product selectivity. Graphene confinement and two-dimensional material encapsulation also show promise in inhibiting CO2 formation.
A study by Meng Wang and her team found that histone modifications can be transferred from parent to offspring through epigenetic changes, enabling the transfer of longevity markers across generations. This mechanism has implications for understanding transgenerational effects beyond longevity.
Hanqin Tian, Boston College Professor and Director of the Center for Earth System Science and Global Sustainability, has been honored with the 2025 AGU Bert Bolin Award. His research has fundamentally advanced understanding of biogeochemical cycles and their roles in the climate system.
New studies from Karolinska Institutet show that mental health issues during pregnancy and postpartum can lead to long-term consequences, including depression and psychosis. The risk of these conditions increases significantly after childbirth.
Scientists developed a novel single-atom copper pesticide that maximizes copper utilization while minimizing environmental impact. The new Cu1/CaCO3 pesticide achieves high disease control efficacy and reduces copper soil residue by 20-fold.
The scientific program includes presentations on new research in exotic and radioactive nuclei, quark-gluon plasma, nucleosynthesis, neutrinos, and more. Registration is now open for news media with valid APS press credentials.
Dr. Langlois and his team will support large-scale scientific research, protect vulnerable communities, and strengthen Canada's ability to face future health emergencies. The High-Throughput Facility infrastructure will rapidly detect and track new infectious disease threats while protecting people and communities.
A new paper in Science reports proven quantum advantage, where entangled light lets researchers learn a system's noise with very few measurements. The experiment cuts the number of measurements needed by an enormous factor, from 20 million years to just 15 minutes.
Researchers explored post-transcriptional regulation in peanut pods, identifying 14,627 newly discovered transcripts and 6,769 new genes across four developmental stages. The study found dynamic changes in polyA length and its correlation with transcript stability, as well as alternative splicing events and RNA m6A modification.
A major albinism gene's exon skipping levels control human skin and hair color diversity. Researchers found that OCA2 exon 10 skipping contributes to hypopigmentation, shedding light on the genetic basis of human pigmentation.
This comprehensive metagenomic survey reveals vast gut microbiome diversity, with 21,902 species-level genome bins identified. The study also uncovers a significant reservoir of previously uncharacterized microbes and identifies high-risk antibiotic resistance genes across 14 mammal species.
The Leopoldina Annual Assembly focuses on the current developments and potential uses of artificial intelligence in various fields, including medicine, geosciences, and physics. The event features keynote lectures, panel discussions, and an award ceremony to recognize outstanding researchers in AI.
Researchers at CU Anschutz discovered a genetic program within lymphatic endothelial cells that enables storage and archival of antigens, helping the immune system remember infections. This understanding could lead to improved vaccines and therapies by fine-tuning immune memory.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Nutrition found that plant-based diets for pets have the lowest environmental impact across all measures. The study analyzed 31 commercially available dry dog foods and estimated their environmental metrics using life cycle assessment datasets. Compared to red meat options, plant-based dog foods...
A new study suggests that Amazon forest trees have increased in size by an average of 3.2% every decade over the past few decades. The research found that both large and smaller trees have benefited from increased atmospheric carbon dioxide, leading to a significant increase in tree size.
A new study reveals that Indonesian cattle breeds carry a unique blend of zebu and banteng genetics, making them more genetically diverse than other breeds. This diversity could lead to improved disease resistance, productivity, and greenhouse gas emissions in cattle farming.
A research team has discovered the structural origins of mechanical softness in amorphous materials like glass, attributing it to hierarchical ring structures that coexist with medium-range order and local disorder. This finding will accelerate the design of flexible and strong amorphous solids.
Scientists at NYU Pain Research Center identified the EP2 receptor as the main cause of inflammatory pain but not inflammation. Blocking this receptor silenced pain responses without affecting inflammation, offering a new strategy for treating prostaglandin-mediated pain.
Researchers at USC have developed a groundbreaking brain imaging technique that reveals how tiny blood vessels in the brain pulse with each heartbeat, which may hold clues to aging and diseases like Alzheimer's. The method shows that microvascular pulsatility increases with age, especially in deep white matter, a region critical for co...