A new clinical trial found no significant neurodevelopmental effects on infants and young children after brief inhaled anesthesia and surgery. The study used a balanced strategy with lower doses of sevoflurane and did not show meaningful short-term differences in IQ or child behavior problems.
A new longitudinal study by York University found that young adults using both substances in times of high stress and emotional distress reported more negative life consequences. The study suggests that understanding combined use can help young adults mitigate the risk and seek healthier coping mechanisms.
A historical study from the University of Gothenburg sheds light on the origins of osteopathy and chiropractic, tracing them back to 19th-century European mechanical medicine and a Swedish institution. The study highlights the overlooked role of Sweden in shaping these alternative healthcare professions.
Researchers developed a method to identify causal relationships between neurons solely based on spike train data, providing a new tool for understanding brain connectivity. The approach accurately detected bidirectional and unidirectional coupling between neurons, even in the presence of internal noise.
New research from the University of Kansas found that nonprofits' increasing reliance on flexible labor leads to negative operational outcomes, such as reduced attendance at events. While short-term financial benefits may be achieved, there is no long-term fiscal improvement for these organizations.
TOPSAIL aims to make it faster and easier to evaluate new AI tools in education. The two-year planning project will establish a new paradigm for evidence-based adoption of AI technologies, grounded in rigorous psychological science and learning theory. The testbed will provide robust privacy protections and experimental controls.
A Brown University study found that small cracks in a device's electrode layer can drive deeper cracks into the polymer substrate layer, compromising mechanical integrity. Researchers identified hundreds of polymers that could mitigate this elastic mismatch and prevent cracking.
Thirteen journalists from diverse outlets have been awarded fellowships to explore aging-related topics, including climate change, healthcare access, and caregiving. The Gerontological Society of America and the Journalists Network on Generations are supporting these projects through a collaborative program.
The Madden-Julian Oscillation's speed and intensity are influenced by atmospheric stability, which affects regional convection and tropical cyclones. Uneven ocean warming changes MJO behavior, impacting rainfall patterns and climate forecasts.
Alex Arreola, a University of Oklahoma health doctoral student, has received a National Cancer Institute grant to investigate the mechanisms behind cancer cachexia, a severe weight loss syndrome prevalent in pancreatic cancer patients. He aims to understand how tumors promote early-stage weight loss and explore potential treatments.
Researchers discovered calcarins, proteins that play an important role in calcification, and found similarities with galaxins involved in coral skeleton formation. This study provides insights into the early evolution of biomineralization in sponges, revealing convergent evolution with corals.
Aniket Pal's team creates viscoelastic polymers for soft robotics, which exhibit both elastic and viscous properties. These materials can be used to make soft robots more functional and intelligent.
Researchers at Tohoku University have created a high-density W single atom catalyst that significantly speeds up the oxygen evolution reaction, overcoming a key barrier in environmentally friendly technologies. The stable incorporation of tungsten into transition-metal hydroxides/oxides enables ultrathin structures with enhanced active...
In a study published in PNAS, scientists found that common noctule bats reduce echolocation calls when hunting in brighter environments but catch prey up to 50% faster. The bats use both acoustic and visual information to track and catch escaping prey during split-second interactions.
A new study and database provide an unprecedented resource for understanding Earth's land systems, including net primary production (NPP) and its role in carbon cycling. The database addresses methodological limitations of previous databases, offering harmonized NPP measurements across six major biome types and spanning all continents.
Researchers found that children with stable gut microbiomes tend to have better growth outcomes. The study created the first-ever pediatric undernutrition microbial genome catalog, which can predict and prevent malnutrition. This discovery opens the door to new diagnostics and therapeutics for addressing global child stunting issues.
Researchers at Politecnico di Milano developed photonic chips for training physical neural networks, eliminating digitisation requirements. This allows for faster, more robust, and efficient network training using light signals.
A new way to fight drug-resistant infections has been discovered through the study of 'microbial piracy', where bacteriophages hijack other viruses to break into bacterial cells and spread. This could potentially be harnessed for medicine, offering a major route to tackling antimicrobial resistance.
A clinical trial found that patients with mesothelioma who received combination immunotherapy drugs before surgery had successful surgeries and improved early outcomes. The study showed that tracking tumor DNA in the blood could help predict treatment benefit.
The new model simplifies trial openings and streamlines patient enrollment, enabling rapid expansion across multiple locations. City of Hope operates a single centralized hub with diverse research locations, reducing patient enrollment times and increasing access to leading-edge treatment options.
REDIMadrid is launching an end-to-end quantum secure data transport project with Ciena, enabling high-speed security for research and education in Madrid. The collaboration integrates Quantum Key Distribution technology with optical infrastructure, paving the way for widespread adoption of quantum-secure networks.
Researchers found that freeze-drying preserves sulfoethylated kraft lignin's functional integrity, maintaining charge density, solubility, and sulfonic acid groups. Oven drying compromised performance, triggering chemical changes that reduced solubility and increased glass transition temperature.
A cohort study shows bariatric surgery significantly lowers major metabolic comorbidity risk compared to medical weight management. The procedure is deemed a durable approach for obesity-related risk mitigation.
The University of Pittsburgh has received prestigious R&D World 100 Awards for two emerging technologies: VulcanAlloy and eMission Critical Sensor. These innovations can withstand high temperatures continuously approaching 500 degrees Celsius and identify rare earth elements in waste streams or feedstocks, respectively.
Experts weighed in on the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) in cancer care, noting both its potential for improving efficiency and its challenges. Many expressed excitement over AI's possibilities for helping support an overburdened oncology workforce and accelerating the pursuit of new cures.
A study by Empa researchers found that electric car sharing can reduce emissions by up to 82%, but achieving cost savings and low-emission charging simultaneously is rare. The optimal charging strategy would require real-time tariff models, automated systems, and incentives like CO₂ prices.
A study examined the interactive effects of meteorological factors and air pollution on influenza cases in Huaian, China. The main findings showed that increasing PM2.5 levels decreased risk at low concentrations but increased risk at high concentrations.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation identifies critical global barriers to osteoporosis care, including limited DXA scanning and outdated treatment criteria. The IOF advocates for a paradigm shift in bone health management worldwide, recognizing high fracture risk as a valid criterion for treatment and reimbursement.
A recent study published in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research found that blood fatty acid composition can predict bone mineral density from childhood to adolescence. The study, which included 480 children, found that higher proportions of certain fatty acids were linked to higher bone density.
A nationwide biomonitoring study in China detected 25 primary aromatic amines with varying levels of exposure among residents. High concentrations were observed in smokers, non-adults, and industrialized cities, with correlations to oxidative DNA damage.
A team of Chinese researchers has developed an assembloid model that mimics the physiological structure of endometrium and adenomyotic lesions, recapitulating transcriptional features consistent with in vivo tissue. The novel system reveals abnormal composition of stromal cell subpopulations during the secretory-like phase may disrupt ...
Five new professors join Goethe University's C3S, focusing on biodiversity modeling, socioeconomic drivers of climate change, data surveillance, critical computational literacy, and the normative constitution of computation. Hagen, Linsenmeier, Akbari, Verständig, and Müller-Mall bring fresh momentum to the center.
A new study finds that food insecurity is a significant risk factor for long COVID in US adults. Strengthening access to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and raising awareness about the issue may help mitigate the health impact of long COVID.
A 2012 paper by Max Bazerman claimed 'signing first' increased honesty, but two experiments were later found to be fraudulent. The book tells the story of how this scandal upended academic careers and faith in research.
Researchers at Fraunhofer IAF have developed high-efficiency GaN power amplifiers with record-breaking linearity, promising to revolutionize broadband satellite communication systems. The 70nm GaN transistors demonstrate exceptional performance, exceeding the requirements of the European Space Agency for satellite communications.
Zhijian 'James' Chen, PhD, is awarded the Elaine Redding Brinster Prize for his groundbreaking discovery of the DNA-sensing enzyme cGAS. This breakthrough sheds light on how the immune system spots harmful DNA from germs and starts fighting them.
Researchers developed a high-energy ultrasonic regeneration strategy to restore nano-phase change emulsion performance under low-temperature conditions. This innovation enhances the stability of phase change emulsions, unlocking their full potential for thermal energy storage and cold-chain logistics applications.
A study published in the journal Sleep analysed data from over 26,000 days and nights to find that bedroom temperature and daytime light are associated with objectively measured sleep. People living with dementia have disrupted sleep patterns when bedrooms are hotter or lighting is dimmer.
Researchers developed wearable microneedle patches that improve drug absorption while reducing pain in long-term delivery. The new technology, inspired by bee stings, enables continuous drug release and anchors securely into the skin.
The Leopoldina Annual Assembly will focus on the progress of artificial intelligence in various fields, including medicine, image creation, medical diagnoses, and decision-making processes. Experts from natural and social sciences will discuss the effects of AI on society, ethics, and democracy.
A University of Minnesota Medical School research team has launched a groundbreaking study on infants born with congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV). The five-year, $3.3 million grant will track the development of 200 infants over three years to better understand the virus's impact on long-term health and inform medical providers' clinica...
FAU researchers propose a method to produce methanol from wet biomass without prior drying, reducing energy consumption and costs. The new process enables decentralized production of methanol from renewable energy sources like photovoltaics or local wind farms.
Adult fibrosarcoma is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy requiring precise diagnosis and multimodal treatment. The case report emphasizes the need for early detection, complete surgical removal, and tailored postoperative care to improve outcomes in patients with this type of tumor.
Emphysema detected on low-dose chest CT scans in asymptomatic adults increases mortality risk over a 25-year follow-up period. The study found that emphysema severity is associated with higher COPD and cardiovascular disease mortality rates, suggesting it as a distinct disease entity linked to poorer health outcomes.
DZ-002 is an innovative cancer treatment developed through a collaborative effort among Georgia State University, Emory University and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. The technology harnesses targeted radiation to destroy tumors with precision, offering hope for improved patient outcomes.
A UIC researcher team led by Dr. Subhash C. Pandey will investigate how long-term alcohol use affects the structure and function of brain cells, aiming to improve targeted treatments for alcohol use disorder. The grant renewal aims to fuel cutting-edge research into cellular interaction in areas key to alcohol addiction.
High consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with higher levels of systemic inflammation and a greater risk of cardiovascular disease. The study found that individuals who consumed the most ultra-processed foods had significantly higher levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, a key marker of inflammation.
Researchers discovered a large set of previously unrecognized enzymatic domains, the Lipocone superfamily, with a shared lipid-modifying mechanism. This superfamily is linked to Wnt, playing a role in cell communication during human development and associated with various diseases.
A Kennesaw State University researcher is working on an electronic nose that can detect bacterial contamination in food using volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The system uses AI models trained from thousands of samples to identify pathogens like salmonella and E. coli, aiming to revolutionize food safety.
A novel Bocaparvovirus was identified in goat fecal samples using metagenomic techniques, with high sequence identity to a known strain. The discovery raises concerns about the potential for interspecies transmission and highlights the need for further research on its pathogenicity.
The global integration of traditional and modern medicine has been shown to improve patient outcomes by enhancing symptom management, quality of life, and treatment adherence. Effective integration relies on robust regulatory frameworks governing practitioner licensing, quality control, pharmacovigilance, and research.
A new study proposes a unified framework for understanding risk as a result of human cognition, connecting perception and analysis. The model highlights the disparity between target value expectations and realistic ones, emphasizing the role of self-aware stakeholders in transforming perception into rational response decisions.
Beaked whales are recorded in the Foz do Amazonas Basin using passive acoustic monitoring, demonstrating their first documentation in Brazilian waters. The study contributes to understanding cetacean biodiversity and showcases the effectiveness of acoustic monitoring for categorizing elusive sea creatures.
A recent study found that toddlers with a fluctuating gut microbiome showed poorer growth compared to those with a stable microbiome. The researchers created a public health database containing complete genetic profiles of microbes from fecal samples, which can be used for future studies to help predict and prevent malnutrition.
Researchers have developed a new technique to measure boron in individual cancer cells, enabling the study of how drugs interact with tumour cells. This breakthrough could lead to more effective treatments for head and neck cancers.
A randomized Phase II trial shows that resecting the primary thoracic tumor after EGFR TKI therapy may prolong disease control in patients with metastatic EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer. The study aims to extend the benefits of EGFR TKI beyond standard monotherapy by targeting residual disease through surgery.
Five well-publicized polar geoengineering ideas are highly unlikely to benefit the polar regions and could harm ecosystems, communities, and international relations. Researchers found that these proposals would likely cost billions in setup and maintenance while introducing ecological, environmental, legal, and political challenges.
A phase 2a clinical trial investigated an experimental viral immunotherapy, CAN-2409, in patients with unresectable stage III/IV NSCLC who previously failed to respond adequately to ICI. Patients showed longer overall survival and increased cytotoxic effector T cells after treatment.
A new study from Columbia University found that racial stereotypes can temporarily distort the brain's visual system, prompting people to see harmless objects as weapons. The study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and neural decoding techniques to investigate this phenomenon.
A new study at WCLC demonstrates that monitoring circulating tumor DNA can refine and personalize the use of consolidation immunotherapy in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer. Early ctDNA detection after induction chemotherapy identifies patients more likely to benefit from consolidation immunotherapy.