Research explores whether eyes being open or closed affects brain activity related to mind wandering and arousal. Brain activity associated with arousal has opposite effects on mind wandering depending on eye state, suggesting a context-dependent relationship.
Astronomers spot supermassive black hole on outskirts of galaxy, defying assumption that it resides in the center. The discovery uses AI program to identify characteristic light patterns from tidal disruption events.
Researchers found that long-term systemic treatment with senolytic PROTAC 753b slowed several features of age-related intervertebral disc degeneration in male mice, preserving extracellular matrix protein aggrecan and reducing inflammatory markers. However, female mice showed little improvement, suggesting a sex-specific response.
A microscopic atlas reveals how citrus Huanglongbing disease develops over time, causing phloem cell death and callose deposition in leaves and fruit tissues. Roots experience starch depletion, driving root decay and nutrient deficiencies.
The first patient has been enrolled in a global Phase 3 clinical trial evaluating Mocertatug Rezetecan, a novel B7-H4-targeted ADC, in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. The study aims to determine whether this therapy can improve outcomes compared with standard chemotherapy.
Experts warn that US suicide deaths are undercounted due to misclassification of drug overdoses as accidental deaths. A new measure, self-injury mortality, aims to shift the focus from intent after death to accounting for behaviors prior to death.
Researchers at University of Missouri develop natural colorants from purple corn, showing stability and durability in various environments. The anthocyanins, rich in antioxidants, offer a viable path for food companies to create cleaner labels without sacrificing performance.
A new analysis of 19 randomized controlled trials found that different GLP-1 medications have distinct effects on heart and metabolic health, suggesting a need for personalized treatment selection. Oral GLP-1 therapies are emerging as strong options that could expand accessibility and flexibility.
Researchers developed a soft, stretchable antenna that can maintain stable wireless connections even during movement. The antenna's design allows it to compensate for changes in shape and size, enabling wearable devices to track vital signs continuously and reliably.
A new method integrates remote sensing and meteorological data to estimate leaf age of winter wheat before overwintering. The study found that the method significantly improved accuracy compared to traditional methods.
A new study reverses the classic Dunning-Kruger effect, suggesting that high-ability people are more overconfident than low performers. The researchers argue that flawed statistical analysis led to the original finding, and when corrected, it reveals a universal human trait of overconfidence among the most capable.
Researchers have developed a novel double-shell host material that overcomes the notorious shuttle effect in lithium-sulfur batteries. The material's dynamic electrochemical microenvironment actively transports polysulfides away from the catalyst surface, preventing passivation and ensuring sustained high catalytic efficiency.
A study of human remains from an Italian necropolis provides clues about the daily lives of people 2,700 years ago. The analysis of isotopes in bones, teeth, hair, and nails reveals differences in diet between men and women, as well as a society with significant mobility and contact with other populations.
A transient electronic state plays a key role in the formation of a photoinduced hidden state in a metal–organic framework, which can be controlled with light for future applications. The study provides new insights into designing materials with novel optical properties.
A new study from UT Health San Antonio found that Hispanic populations experience higher rates of frontotemporal dementia, with significant delays in diagnosis due to educational disparities. The research highlights the importance of culturally sensitive diagnostic tools and interventions for equitable dementia care.
Research reveals CUDC-907's therapeutic potential in combating glioblastoma by inhibiting PI3K and HDAC, leading to enhanced TMZ sensitivity through disrupted double-strand break repair pathways.
Meablex's innovative prosthetic arm addresses challenges of traditional devices, including adjustable sockets and reliable control systems. The company's technology combines lightweight soft robotic materials and advanced 3D-printing to improve the quality of life for people with upper limb loss.
Researchers uncover CXCR4's role in suppressing aldosterone production by upregulating ID3, a transcription regulator that halts CYP11B2 expression. This novel signaling axis offers a new strategy to combat autonomous hormonal overproduction and severe secondary hypertension.
A new study of an Israeli hospital's response to the October 7 attacks reveals critical gaps in communication, staffing, logistics, and casualty distribution. The findings offer practical lessons that could help hospitals worldwide prepare for prolonged armed conflicts and other large-scale emergencies.
Researchers found that populations of small invertebrates thrive near rat-infested islands, where seabirds are scarce. In contrast, fish biomass is higher on reefs without rats, benefiting from nutrient-rich guano deposits.
A new grant will allow researchers to develop a non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exam to detect early changes in tissue and improve diagnosis and treatment for lymphedema and lipedema. The SALT MRI approach tracks sodium, adipose tissue, and lymphatic fluids to better understand how they affect lymphatic function.
A research team studied ion-exchange membranes to understand their structure and ability, finding that flexible backbones achieve higher ion conductivity with less water uptake. This discovery offers molecular-level design guidelines for next-generation energy devices.
A new liquid-based platform called 'floatony' can form and maintain complex three-dimensional microbial structures while preserving molecular diffusion, spatial structures, and cell mobility. This approach could offer new ways to study gut microbiota, biofilms, and other spatially organized microbial communities.
The Cluster of Excellence 'The Politics of Inequality' investigates how inequality can be reduced through specific political conditions. Research projects focus on rectification for historical injustices, biological ageing processes, and household decisions to prevent perpetuation of inequality.
Scientists at Houston Methodist Research Institute have created a biodegradable implant that delivers cancer-fighting drugs directly to tumors, slowing their release over time. The device showed promising results in preclinical models of triple-negative breast cancer, eliminating tumors in 60% of cases without significant side effects.
A study of over 350,000 students found teachers predict higher A-Level grades for girls than boys with similar results. The 'halo effect' may contribute to this gap, where positive impressions about girls spill over into predictions.
Researchers used machine learning to identify seven rare quasar candidates from a list of 800,000 quasars. The discovery offers an opportunity to expand knowledge of how quasars and their host galaxies work, as well as understanding our own galaxy's evolution.
Researchers have calculated fundamental laws of thermodynamics for a gas made up of spinning particles, finding that pressure is similar to a normal gas but at an elevated temperature. Localized surface currents also arise, enabling targeted particle transport.
A new survey found that Native American adults are open to healthier eating based on traditional Indigenous foods, with 78% willing to try a whole food, plant-based diet. However, only 13% are aware that such diets can help prevent or improve type 2 diabetes.
Researchers found type III interferons reduce disease severity in autoimmune uveitis by suppressing Th1/Th17 responses and NLRP1/NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This study identifies IFN-λ as a promising immunomodulatory agent for autoimmune uveitis.
A comprehensive review of dementia prevalence and risk factors in India reveals unique health outcomes for South Asian populations. The study sets the stage for the SAMARTH initiative, tracking brain health in South Asian Americans to identify modifiable risks and protective factors.
A new concept from Warwick researchers introduces Quantum Phononic Links, which use sound vibrations to carry quantum information between qubits across an entire semiconductor chip. This approach enables long-range qubit connectivity, paving the way for building large-scale quantum computers with millions of qubits.
The American College of Lifestyle Medicine (ACLM) has earned Joint Accreditation for Interprofessional Continuing Education, allowing it to independently accredit its own interprofessional continuing education activities. This enables ACLM to deliver high-quality, team-based training that strengthens collaboration and improves patient ...
A new statistical model predicts which Red Sea fish species are likely to invade the Mediterranean, with a focus on their ability to survive without coral reefs. The study identifies three species with high potential to invade: stellate pufferfish, cinnabar goatfish, and yellowspotted trevally.
Hepatopulmonary syndrome is characterized by pulmonary angiogenesis and refractory hypoxemia, with agrimoniin treatment attenuating pathological changes by restoring mitochondrial respiration and reducing glycolytic activity. Activation of PGC-1α is essential for mediating improvements in vascular remodeling and metabolic balance.
Researchers compared common blood-based biomarkers for predicting eventual Alzheimer's dementia and found that P-tau 217 had moderate predictive power in the preclinical stage. In contrast, a biomarker for amyloid beta protein misfolding was highly predictive even in cognitively normal individuals.
New research finds that exclusive cigarette use is being replaced by exclusive use of electronic cigarettes, especially among young adults. The study's findings have important implications for predicting the future burden of tobacco-related cancer and highlight a need to address smoking cessation among older adults.
Astronomers at UNC-Chapel Hill have observed an extremely rare 'wandering' black hole located tens of thousands of light-years from the center of its galaxy. This discovery could reshape our understanding of how massive black holes move through the universe after galaxies collide.
Researchers developed a novel blended-PPY conductive polymer with graphene oxide and indium tin oxide nanoparticles for enhanced antibacterial performance. The resulting nanocomposites showed improved optical behavior and broad-spectrum antibacterial capacity.
Dr. Enrico Novelli leads a newly launched network to expand access to care for patients with sickle cell disease across Maryland. He brings expertise in SCD and blood vessel biology, as well as global efforts to strengthen hematology care.
Researchers have identified a new powdery mildew resistance gene, Pm72, from wild einkorn wheat that will be useful for wheat breeding. The gene was found to confer effective resistance to all ten pathogen isolates tested and can be detected using a diagnostic marker.
The BirdNET Live app can identify over 8,900 bird species and thousands of other animal sounds in real-time and offline. It is designed for nature conservation professionals, researchers, and amateur ornithologists, offering a practical solution for field conditions.
A large clinical trial found that family-based behavioral treatment significantly improved weight reduction and related health outcomes for children with obesity. The study demonstrated that this approach can be successfully integrated into routine clinical practice, increasing access to effective weight management for families in need.
Human microglia mature slowly compared to other animals, influencing cognitive abilities and enabling powerful brain functions. The discovery sheds light on what made the human brain unique during evolution.
Technion researchers have identified a previously unknown mechanism that enables bacteria to rapidly develop antibiotic resistance. This non-canonical gene amplification process produces dozens of copies of resistance-conferring genes, allowing bacteria to adapt quickly to antibiotic treatment.
A new study found that older adults who took a daily multivitamin had significantly better measures of functional health after 3 years compared to those who took a placebo. The findings suggest that a daily multivitamin can help preserve cognitive abilities and benefit blood circulation and physical stamina.
A case-control study found that individuals with delinquent mortgage payments, repossessions, late credit card payments, and lower credit scores had a significantly increased risk of suicide. The study's findings suggest that financial stressors play a critical role in the development of suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
A new report by Brookings Institution suggests the US can improve its role in partners' conflicts by clearly communicating goals and persuading allies to adjust their strategies. Dafna Rand's research identified missteps and misunderstandings that undermined America's ability to manage and influence allies' strategies.
Researchers found a significant increase in binge drinking and heavy drinking among pregnant women in the US between 2011 and 2024. The study highlights the importance of addressing alcohol consumption during pregnancy, particularly among vulnerable populations such as those with tobacco use or mental health concerns.
A phase 3 randomized controlled trial found that gefurulimab significantly improved clinical benefits for adults with generalized myasthenia gravis, resulting in meaningful improvements in daily living and muscle strength scores. Most side effects were mild and similar between treatment and control groups.
A randomized clinical trial in South Delhi, India found that an integrated package of health, nutrition, and early stimulation support significantly improved the growth of term small-for-gestational-age infants. Infants who received this intervention had a higher weight at 12 months compared to those receiving usual government care.
In a new clinical trial, about one-third of children with multiple food allergies gained the ability to safely eat full servings of their allergy-triggering foods. The trial, led by Stanford Medicine, tested omalizumab and oral immunotherapy as treatments for life-threatening food allergies.
A cross-sectional study evaluates state-level limitations and exemptions regarding cellphone use among public school students. State laws regulating cellphone use vary significantly across the US, with some states allowing or restricting phone use during school hours.
A culturally tailored meal program rooted in traditional Diné foods significantly reduced hospitalizations and emergency department visits among heart failure patients. Participants also reported improved quality of life, decreased food insecurity, and reduced financial strain.
A cluster randomized clinical trial found that portable high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters reduced winter respiratory infection rates among older adult residents in some care homes. However, the study showed no significant difference in infection rates between homes with HEPA filters and those without them.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a method to systematically develop novel probiotic and prebiotic combinations to maintain gut health and treat gastrointestinal diseases. The approach uses machine learning and automation to explore complex interactions between microbes, nutritional sources, and the environment.
Climate change has become Europe's top environmental issue, with concerns rising despite global crises, particularly in Nordic countries. Local impacts are also being recognized, such as water scarcity in Spain and air pollution in Italy.
A new study published in JAMA found that prenatal alcohol exposure has increased in the US over the past decade, with a significant rise in current alcohol use, binge drinking, and heavy drinking among pregnant women. The study suggests that these trends may be concerning, as no amount of alcohol is established as safe during pregnancy.
An international team of researchers simulated proton motions in water with unprecedented accuracy, finding that the configuration of surrounding water molecules determines proton movement. The study expands current understanding of how water shapes proton transport.
A new study reveals that the nutritional composition of milk depends on the dairy production method and season. Organic grass-fed milk contains significantly more omega-3 fatty acids than conventionally-produced milk.