A national survey of over 1,000 U.S. adolescents found that nearly one-quarter of teens used mobile food delivery services during school hours, with fast foods and sugary beverages being popular options. Researchers raise concerns about the impact on learning environments and healthy nutrition for students.
Researchers identified three amino acid changes that account for the 30 nm difference in light absorption between red and green cone pigments, enabling precise color discrimination. The study's findings may inform future drug discovery efforts targeting visual photoreceptors.
A new study from Carnegie Mellon University and Oxford Saïd Business School found that the entry of ride-hailing platforms drove measurable increases in economic output and intermittent employment. Regional GDP per capita increased, and the number of seasonal, temporary, or intermittent jobs rose after Uber and Lyft entered the region.
Researchers found that fatty acids and hydroxy acids can combine to create stronger and more stable structures than either molecule can form alone. This cooperative effect suggests that simple molecules may have been helping each other create more organized chemical systems, which could eventually lead to the emergence of life.
Researchers analyzed shark vertebrae to discover a finely engineered biomechanical system supporting strength, flexibility, and swimming efficiency. Different species evolved unique internal structures reflecting their varied swimming strategies.
Most of the carbon released during Canada’s record 2023 wildfire season came from burning soil and peat. Underground carbon stores accounted for 76 per cent of wildfire emissions. The findings highlight the vulnerability of Canada’s soil carbon stores to intensifying wildfires.
Research by the American Psychological Association finds that polarized individuals view moderates as supporting the opposing side, even when their views are more moderate. This 'moderate as out-group effect' can lead to a self-perpetuating cycle of distrust and further polarization.
The Optica i4 Prize honors individuals and organizations with outstanding achievements in innovation, integrity, inclusion, and impact. This year's recipients are Lumentum President and CEO Michael Hurlston and company TRUMPF, recognized for their contributions to the global optics and photonics industry.
Professor Katerina Harvati has revolutionized our understanding of human origins with her pioneering techniques in Virtual Anthropology and 3D geometric morphometrics. Her research confirms the African origin of modern humans and reveals new insights into Neanderthal species.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have developed an AI system that tracks a diver's health in real-time using robotic vision and exhaled bubble analysis. The system can detect signs of stress, hyperventilation, or exhaustion, providing a non-contact approach to monitor divers' physiological stress underwater.
Researchers analyzed ancient burial records to understand why some societies practiced residential burials and how this practice changed over time. They found that residential burials were more common in older societies than expected, suggesting that cultural practices can shift significantly over centuries.
The American College of Chest Physicians has released a clinical guideline on sleep-disordered breathing in pregnancy, highlighting the need for targeted care. The guideline provides nine evidence-based recommendations to screen, diagnose, treat, and reevaluate pregnant patients with obstructive sleep apnea, associated with significant...
The discovery of two new snail species in Montenegro highlights the need to protect the country's biodiversity. The snails, found in Durmitor National Park and Komarnica Canyon, were described as having unique features such as conical shells and a circular disk on their tails.
Researchers have developed a novel hybrid control strategy for quasi-zero stiffness isolators, addressing payload variations and residual resonant peaks. The 'smart cushion' can adapt to changing loads in seconds, making it crucial for precision applications like chip manufacturing and robot handling of fragile goods.
A team of researchers from Chiba University developed a method to monitor laser ablation in real time by detecting tiny push-back forces during laser cutting. By tracking the recoil force, they can sense depth and detect completion in real time, allowing for precise control over the process.
Researchers from the University of Toyama developed an OLED that incorporates a crystalline rubrene thin film, achieving higher current density and reduced luminance turn-on voltage. The study suggests that organic crystals with high charge-transport properties can be integrated into practical thin-film OLEDs.
Researchers discovered that tobacco hawkmoth wings have specialized hair-like structures that can detect specific aromas. The wings contain sensory receptors that can pick out unpleasant amine odours, guiding the moths to their favorite plants for laying eggs.
Researchers have identified a panel of key proteins in blood that can predict the emergence of ALS symptoms months to years before they arise. This discovery could enable early intervention with preventative therapies.
Researchers at Aberystwyth University are developing high-protein powders that offer a natural alternative to artificial protein drinks. The new drinks feature plant-based, dairy and hybrid vitamin and mineral blends, combined with ingredients to promote muscle retention, cognitive health, and overall wellbeing.
A bioinspired material accelerates wound healing by capturing and releasing human skin's natural healing proteins. This approach shows promise in improving the repair of human skin tissue and could one day make advanced wound care more accessible in emergency medicine and low-resource health systems.
Researchers at Kyoto University developed a new training method to study habit formation in mice, revealing two distinct brain circuits managing different aspects of habits. The first circuit determines whether behavior becomes a habit, while the second controls execution levels.
A study led by IBEC researchers reveals that cells reorganize their internal scaffolding in response to sustained stretching, forming supracellular networks and 'uncaging' their nuclei. This process is facilitated by interactions between keratin and actin filaments.
Physicists at the University of California San Diego discovered that substrates are not inert when subjected to electrical stimulus, instead coupling with thin film. This finding has implications for building brain-inspired computer chips needed for energy-efficient computing.
A national poll reveals that nearly one in six parents say their young adult child doesn't handle basic healthcare tasks independently. Parents attribute the gap to a lack of knowledge and experience, with most reporting they've done enough to prepare their child for health responsibility.
A field experiment on wild kittiwakes found that birds with high energy costs during breeding raised more chicks the next year, but at a cost to their own survival. The study reveals how flexible energy use can lead to hidden trade-offs in life-history strategy.
Researchers found that alternating periods of nutrient-rich conditions and starvation can stabilize a self-destructive survival strategy in yeast, allowing it to persist for hundreds of millions of years. This theory suggests that changing environments play a crucial role in shaping the evolution of complex ecological strategies.
A study on La Brea Tar Pits fossils found rare spinal nerve tumors and developmental abnormalities, suggesting a dwindling species was in poor genetic health. This may have made them more vulnerable to hunting, ultimately contributing to their extinction.
A new study reveals that burnout is pushing emergency physicians to leave the specialty or reduce clinical hours, exacerbating a crisis in Canadian healthcare. The study found that 10% of emergency medicine physicians had left the specialty, and women and younger physicians reported higher rates of burnout.
Researchers at Reichman University have developed a unique consortium of bacterial species that form a protective layer on metal surfaces in seawater, significantly slowing corrosion. The approach combines multiple species for stronger and more stable protection, paving the way for biological corrosion-protection systems worldwide.
A new study from Reichman University found that a short three-week digital training program improved motor function and brain activity in Parkinson's patients. The program, called DopApp, strengthened connectivity between brain regions responsible for movement and induced localized changes in neural circuits.
Researchers developed a new cell-based approach to produce several sugars naturally found in human breastmilk, including complex oligosaccharides. The method involves engineering cultured mammalian cells to express essential enzymes, allowing for the production of structurally diverse HMOs with potential applications in infant nutrition.
A systematic evaluation of polyglycol-based foam control agents has identified FCA332 as a robust option for industrial fermentation processes. The agent's low viscosity, moderate cloud point, and favorable surface tension make it an ideal choice for balancing operational efficiency with biological safety.
A new group contribution method, ACGC+, significantly improves prediction accuracy for nine key phase transition properties in organic compounds. The method incorporates local structural information to differentiate isomers and structural variations.
A new study documents 2,304 grass species in China, including 1,978 native and 326 alien species, with 52% of native species endemic to the region. The checklist highlights conservation efforts for threatened species, invasive aliens, and guides biodiversity research.
A prospective cohort study found that higher residential greenness was associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk, especially among individuals with higher genetic susceptibility. The study suggested that environmental exposure may play an important role in shaping metabolic phenotypes and influencing diabetes risk.
Researchers found a link between periodontitis and osteoporosis through gut bacteria, showing how oral inflammation can accelerate whole-body bone deterioration. This study suggests maintaining oral health may play a role in systemic bone health.
Researchers created microspheres with twisted-bipolar molecular configuration, enabling angle-selective optical resonance and laser oscillation. The resulting emissions mimic Saturn's rings, showcasing directional control of light in microscopic spaces.
Researchers at Kyoto University successfully eliminated hepatitis C virus in six chimpanzees using direct-acting antiviral therapy, improving their liver function and health. However, two chimpanzees died of liver cancer, highlighting the need for further study and potential drug resistance.
Researchers found that live sporting events stimulate oxytocin dynamics, leading to increased heart-rate synchrony among casual spectators. This physiological response is linked to greater enjoyment, unity with players and spectators, immersion, and intention to reattend future events.
Pastoral communities in Tiaty, Kenya, are adapting to climate variability by changing livestock patterns, farming practices, and settlement arrangements. These adaptations suggest a selective conversion of land from dense shrubland to mixed areas, with a focus on drought-tolerant crops and climate-resilient livestock species.
A new study reveals that Northern Eurasia's carbon sink is driven by climate change, with stronger sinks in western and southern regions. Forest productivity is a key determinant of the regional carbon sink, not just warming alone.
Researchers assessed ATT12's observational capabilities and found it could detect distant galaxies, identify dusty star-forming galaxies, and study galactic gas density. The telescope is planned for construction in Antarctica's dry conditions.
Researchers at Xi'an Jiaotong University create single-molecule magnetostrictor with temperature-dependent response to magnetic fields. The discovery could broaden applications of single-molecule magnets and enable new technologies.
Researchers found that specific bacterial genera on litchi peel act as a 'freshness clock' predicting fruit freshness with high accuracy. They also isolated a strain that inhibits postharvest pathogens, providing a safe alternative to synthetic fungicides.
Researchers found that Davunetide significantly slowed disease progression in women with PSP, preserving motor and functional abilities. The study's findings highlight the need for sex-specific medicine in neurodegenerative diseases.
A study analyzing Chinese and global soil metagenomes found substantial declines in antimicrobial resistance genes after China implemented its AMR control plan. The research suggests a close association between soil resistomes and antimicrobial use patterns across human and animal sectors.
The discovery of Cygnus X-3 reveals it as the most powerful particle accelerator known to date, producing photons with energies up to 30 PeV. The precise temporal variability and high gamma-ray energies measured by LHAASO confirm its status as a source of cosmic rays.
A comprehensive study maps the global CSDH trial landscape, identifying research hotspots, evidence gaps, and future priorities. The study highlights persistent geographic imbalance, recurrence as a core challenge, and the need for standardized anticoagulation management and MMAE guidelines.
Researchers developed a lean-lithium oxychloride solid electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and tunable properties. The interfacial percolation strategy enabled the creation of a continuous transport network throughout the electrolyte, allowing for efficient lithium-ion migration.
Researchers developed a light-perception-based underwater digital twin hand interactive control system for high-precision posture control and human-machine interaction. The system achieves stable responses in turbid water conditions and recognizes six common gestures with a recognition accuracy of 99.2%.
A compression-decompression framework enables universal acceleration of photonic neuromorphic computing, achieving substantial speed improvements without compromising accuracy. The framework projects input data into a low-dimensional subspace through eigenvector analysis, reducing data volume while preserving critical features.
A polarization-encoded trichannel metalens performs parallel bright-field imaging and multi-order edge detection in a compact meta-optical platform. The device integrates three optical operators into three polarization-defined channels, achieving stable imaging performance over a wide field of view.
Researchers have developed a novel monitoring system using fiber-optic sensing to detect cardiopulmonary signals during sleep, enabling accurate and early detection of CRD. The system, integrated into a conventional pillow, captures subtle pressure variations and converts them into quantifiable optical signals.
Researchers have detailed a molecular circuit where two plant hormones, ethylene and abscisic acid (ABA), promote each other's production to drive persimmon fruit softening. The discovery provides new targets for interventions aiming to extend shelf life and reduce postharvest losses.
Researchers have discovered that plant hormone auxin regulates organ formation by oppositely affecting gibberellin activity, creating a two-step communication system between the two hormones. This mechanism allows plants to carefully alternate between growth and expansion, enabling them to build complex organs with remarkable precision.
Researchers develop a cavity-assisted nonlocal metasurface for broadband, high-efficiency optical vortex generation. The device combines a silicon photonic crystal slab, a silicon dioxide spacer, and a gold mirror to form a Fabry–Pérot cavity.
A new study has identified a hormone-linked switch in tea plants that helps them withstand cold temperatures. The BRI1-EMS-Suppressor 1 (BES1) family transcription factor CsBES1-14 directly activates the cold-regulated protein CsCOR413, strengthening membrane stability and antioxidant capacity.
A new device integrates SnS2 into a silicon microring resonator for dual-functional optical modulation and photodetection. The device achieves high modulation depth and responsivity, enabling efficient photodetection in the 1550 nm infrared band.
Scientists found that inherited genes interact with acquired mutations to shape tumor evolution, influencing cancer risk and treatment responses. The study suggests a personalized approach to cancer prevention and screening strategies may be necessary.
A KAIST research team developed a next-generation world model that learns executable theories from observation alone. The Neural Theorizer (NEO) model discovers reusable primitives and composes them into executable programs to explain new situations.