Researchers found that biochar nanoparticles can deliver nitrogen to soybean plants, increasing grain production and nutritional quality. The nanoparticles improved grain numbers by 35-45% and grain weight, while also increasing amino acid contents.
The AI tool, GenStrain, uses generative AI to learn from DENSE MRI scans and apply that knowledge to standard cine MRI scans, helping doctors choose the pacing therapy most likely to benefit individual patients. This could lead to better cardiac care and patient outcomes for the 6 million Americans living with heart failure.
Rupa Valdez has been elected a fellow of the American College of Medical Informatics for her work on designing systems and technologies to support people's health outside traditional clinical settings. Her research focuses on human factors engineering, cultural anthropology, and health informatics to understand how social networks, phy...
A University of Florida researcher examines the tools and communities that produce AI-generated nude images, identifying resources and knowledge shared by malicious actors and potential intervention strategies to combat the creation and dissemination of nonconsensual intimate imagery. The study found that individuals called 'educators'...
A new study led by researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine found that medication doses for opioid use disorder do not affect withdrawal symptoms in newborns, challenging a common concern. Maintaining treatment is essential for pregnant patients to reduce the risk of relapse and overdose.
A study by the University of California, Davis, found that adding crushed shells to sand increases the growth rate of Pacific littleneck clams and reduces the negative effects of ocean acidification. The researchers discovered that shell hash alters the water chemistry, creating a more favorable environment for shell growth.
A small mechanical squeeze can alter the magnetic behavior of altermagnet materials, suggesting a new way to control magnetism and electron flow. This discovery could advance spintronic technologies, enabling faster wireless communication and quantum computing.
A new study from NYU Abu Dhabi discovered that coral-associated bacteria produce steroid hormones that strengthen coral immunity during thermal stress. These hormones, including testosterone and progesterone, help corals mount a stronger immune response to heat stress, increasing survival of coral cells.
Researchers found that overactive platelets slow T cell activity, contributing to tumor growth, and blocking the PAR4 receptor reverses this suppression, but only in females. The study suggests a molecular bridge between the clotting system and hormonal environment, which may explain sex differences in cancer response.
A study led by University of California, Riverside researcher Joy Xiang identified new targets for coronavirus antiviral drugs by mapping RNA-protein interactions. The researchers found that disrupting specific interactions between the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the nucleocapsid protein significantly reduced viral replication. Th...
Researchers developed nanoparticles with a customized dose of cancer antigens that can provoke a strong immune response against tumors. By controlling the density of the antigens, they created a vaccine that prevents the development of colon tumors in mice, paving the way for personalized cancer vaccines.
A new study challenges the biophilia hypothesis, suggesting that attraction to nature and aversion to specific creatures may represent distinct psychological systems. Children's fear of certain animals, such as snakes, did not necessarily deter their interest in biodiverse environments.
A Cornell University study finds that replacing DEI terminology with alternative language can improve Republicans' favorability toward diversity training. The researchers showed study participants various DEI training presentations and articles, using different language to frame the training content, and found that Republicans reported...
Researchers from IIT Gandhinagar found a significant reduction in water availability in the Ravi River, with median discharge decreasing by 26% after the Ranjit Sagar reservoir began operating. This change has implications for agriculture, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning in the region.
Šimašius was recognized for raising Vilnius's profile as a center for optics and photonics, and promoting Lithuania's laser industry as a strategic asset for the city. He also championed the companies and researchers behind the industry, supporting science education and private investment in science and talent.
Researchers have grown glioblastoma organoids in space, which more closely resemble human tumors than those grown on Earth. The space-grown organoids showed a more immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and higher levels of proteins associated with aggressive GBM biology.
Researchers traced herpes simplex virus 1 infection progression in human skin organoids, revealing differences in virus spread among skin cell types. They found that dermal fibroblasts and hair follicle cells exhibited intrinsic resistance to the virus, and that immune signaling molecules play a crucial role in controlling infection.
A new study found that overtraining keeps dopamine levels in the brain elevated during rest, potentially linking to symptoms like anxiety and sleep disturbances. The research, conducted on mice, showed that dopamine remained elevated for 48 hours after the performance test during the mice's rest phase.
The Fireside Database provides a massive dataset of 25,419 psychedelic experiences recorded through peer support hotline interactions. Psilocybin dominated 59.9% of reported interactions, with cannabis ranking highest in distress rates at 47.2%, according to a new study.
The Fireside Project has published the largest-ever dataset on real-world psychedelic support interactions in Science Advances, analyzing 25,419 interactions and 2,777 post-interaction surveys. The study found that psilocybin was the most commonly reported substance, and seeking help during or after an experience was more predictive of...
A new study suggests that the true scale of global wildlife trade may be far greater due to major gaps in trade and wildlife collection data. The research estimates that over 107,000 species are used and traded worldwide, more than double previous estimates of 50,000 species.
Researchers found that treatment reorganized immune cells and changed the behavior of macrophages, immune cells that can support or suppress an immune response. The study suggests that creating an environment where different immune cells can work together against cancer is crucial for effective immunotherapy.
NTU Singapore and Google are expanding their partnership to accelerate AI adoption across education, research, and workforce readiness. The collaboration will support faculty training, professional certification, and region-specific AI initiatives, while advancing frontier scientific research and AI safety.
The book examines Chañar Brea Gum's composition, structure, and functional properties, highlighting its potential in food science, biotechnology, and pharmaceutical research. It explores various applications, including food products, edible films, and pharmaceutical formulations.
Researchers investigated the effects of early-gestational maternal immune activation on placental development, revealing persistent structural remodeling, sexually dimorphic metabolic adaptations, and compensatory extracellular matrix responses. ITGB1 was identified as a candidate mediator of placental adaptation to inflammatory stress.
A partnership between I AM HYDRO and Tallinn University of Technology developed an AI-based fish detection system, finding fish in hours of footage and improving species identification. The technology also addresses the challenge of adapting models to different water conditions and locations.
The book explores intelligent algorithmic systems in healthcare, covering topics such as patient flow optimization, AI-driven resource allocation, and blockchain-based security. It provides insights into developing efficient, secure, and scalable healthcare systems through the use of intelligent algorithms.
The study found that ocellated lizard populations adopt different strategies in response to rising temperatures, with 'generalist' lizards showing greater resilience. This is crucial for reptiles, which depend on external heat sources and are unable to maintain body temperature like mammals and birds.
The Cranfield Future Energy Laboratories will develop and test low-carbon technologies, including sustainable fuels and hydrogen systems. Collaborative workspaces and innovation areas will drive innovation and overcome technical challenges.
A rare case of early-onset Parkinson's disease reveals molecular changes in platelets associated with disease progression. The study identified changes in gene expression in platelets, including those involved in mitochondrial function and protein synthesis, providing insights into molecular processes involved in disease progression.
Pioneering linguist Lorenzo Dow Turner's 1935 field recordings of Louisiana Creole have been analysed, shedding light on a uniquely American language at risk of extinction. The recordings contain linguistic diversity and provide insight into the language's development over time.
Researchers at Heriot-Watt University have successfully linked two telescopes together using a tiny glass chip, enabling the observation of celestial objects in extraordinary detail. The technology has the potential to transform the design of future astronomical instruments, making them smaller, more robust, and easier to upgrade.
Caloric cooling technologies have made significant progress, with devices achieving cooling powers exceeding three kilowatts and mechanically driven prototypes surpassing the one-kilowatt mark. However, gaps remain between material performance and actual cooling efficiency, particularly in terms of durability and energy consumption.
Researchers have discovered a previously hidden gene in purple pak choi that unlocks its anthocyanin richness, a trait that boosts nutritional value and health benefits. The gene, BraMYB114, was borrowed from a distant relative, Brassica carinata, through natural hybridization, solving a long-standing mystery in Brassica genetics.
Weaker rock in mountain landscapes erodes three times faster than harder rock, challenging current understanding of erosion and carbon dioxide release. The study also suggests that geologists and atmospheric scientists may be underestimating CO2 contributions from the Earth's rocky places.
Researchers have made significant advancements in nuclear medicine, improving treatment outcomes for prostate cancer, detecting cancer recurrence, and predicting treatment outcomes. Studies have shown that combining imaging methods, such as PET/CT and MRI, can improve detection of prostate cancer, while diagnostic scans may predict tum...
Researchers have discovered a lncRNA axis involving RUNX2, LncRNA-ROD, and QKI that regulates osteoclast differentiation and alveolar bone remodeling in cleidocranial dysplasia. This axis is crucial for understanding the pathogenesis of delayed tooth eruption and may offer a therapeutic target for eruption disorders.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine are creating a new model to study Down syndrome, focusing on prenatal and postnatal mechanisms in the complex brain. The trisomic porcine model aims to accelerate understanding and develop therapeutic approaches for debilitating co-occurring conditions.
Researchers have discovered that norrin treatment can prevent vision loss in diabetic rats by preserving healthy blood vessels and reducing nerve cell death. This breakthrough has significant implications for the development of new therapies for patients with diabetic retinopathy.
A new UiO-66 catalyst with ligand defects enables the direct oxidation of methane to acetic acid under mild conditions. The catalyst achieved high selectivity and yield of acetic acid, and exhibited exceptional stability.
FAIR Health Atlas is a free online tool visualizing chronic disease data across all 50 states and Washington, DC, revealing areas facing the greatest health challenges. The platform includes relevant social determinants of health influencing disease risk factors.
Scientists have developed light-activated cages called RuPHOTACs that can selectively activate protein-degrading molecules, reducing unwanted side effects. The technology, inspired by molecular 'beach balls,' could lead to more precise treatments for diseases like cancer.
Researchers created a robot with a circulatory system that delivers chemical building blocks to grow light sensors, enhancing adaptability. The system, inspired by nature, enables the robot to create new components on site, responding to environmental changes.
A study found that deep plowing improves the physical properties of Mollisols in Northeast China, reducing soil compaction and increasing water infiltration. The optimal rotational tillage practice, deep plowing, outperforms other methods in stabilizing soil and enhancing farmland resilience.
Lanthanide-based luminescence thermometry offers a promising route to non-contact temperature sensing, leveraging the unique properties of trivalent lanthanide ions. The review highlights advances in fundamental photophysics, material design, and emerging applications, including single-cell metabolic imaging, in vivo temperature imagin...
Researchers developed a Chinese-Vietnamese bilingual news topic discovery method using association graph model, outperforming baseline models in low-resource languages. The approach reduces the impact of language differences on clustering results, enabling accurate extraction of news texts describing the same event in different languages.
Ophthalmic AI applications span population screening, disease grading, and treatment guidance, with emerging paradigms like multimodal AI and generative AI discussed. Key translational challenges include dataset bias, interpretability, and post-deployment monitoring, requiring clinician-centered design and accountable integration.
Researchers used transposon mutagenesis to screen for essential genes in Brucella abortus strains A19 and S2308, identifying 451 and 393 putative essential genes, respectively. These genes were found to be involved in various cellular processes, including cofactor biosynthesis and ribosomal biogenesis.
Researchers have developed a new chemical reaction that enables the modification of molecules attached to DNA, expanding the design of DNA-encoded molecular libraries. This method is suitable for applications where sensitive chemical structures must be preserved, and it demonstrates a new approach for modifying molecules attached to DNA.
Researchers developed a machine learning model using routine non-invasive prenatal testing data to predict placenta accreta spectrum disorders. The 15-gene multiclass 4P-model achieved high accuracy in differentiating controls, accreta, and increta/percreta, expanding the diagnostic window into early pregnancy.
A large-scale prospective study shows that cumulative social disadvantage is associated with a higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease and poor prognosis. The study identifies plasma metabolomic and proteomic signatures that may partly explain these associations, offering clues for understanding how social factors influence ki...
GSAman, a desktop gene-annotation editor, uses IGV as a foundation and offers features like real-time flagging and built-in prediction and homology modules. The tool improved BUSCO completeness from 86.93% to 99.63% in a case study on elite indica rice, paving the way for more efficient hand-finishing of gene annotations.
Researchers developed disease-resistant rice lines using marker-assisted breeding to combat bacterial leaf blight in East Africa. The new lines possess broad-spectrum resistance to various Xanthomonas oryzae strains, including those causing significant yield losses in Asia and Africa.
A new study found that nearly a quarter of Americans misrepresent symptoms to get antibiotics, citing reasons such as feeling sick or needing to return to work. This behavior is dangerous and contributes to antimicrobial resistance, emphasizing the need for better communication strategies to ensure patients receive appropriate treatment.
Researchers have developed a copper-catalyzed strategy for making chiral α-perfluoroalkyl organoboron compounds with high stereocontrol. The method delivered yields of up to 85% and enantiomeric excesses of up to 99%, and accommodated several perfluoroalkyl groups and substituents on both reaction partners.
Hemoadsorption has been shown to be beneficial in treating poisoning and intoxication, with evidence supporting its use for acetaminophen, barbiturates, and carbamazepine. The treatment has been particularly effective in reducing mortality rates for patients with organophosphate and CCB poisoning. A proposed care pathway suggests asses...
Patients cared for by female physicians had a lower 30-day mortality rate and hospital readmission rate compared to those treated by male physicians. Greater exposure to female physicians during hospitalization was also associated with improved outcomes.
This study uses UAV-SfM photogrammetry to map shallow Antarctic bays with high accuracy, removing floating ice and gravel. The method offers a low-cost alternative to conventional surveys, providing valuable data for ice-ocean studies and station safety.
Researchers at Tohoku University have developed a thermoelectric material that delivers a 250-fold increase in power factor by adding titanium to chromium nitride. This discovery could enable the integration of waste heat recovery technology into small electronic devices, broadening its applications.
Researchers discovered SERHL as a previously unrecognized tumor suppressor in gastric cancer, inhibiting invasion and metastasis through KLF16-PLCB1/PRKCA signaling. SERHL expression correlated with aggressive disease, while restoring SERHL expression suppressed gastric cancer cell migration and invasion.