A study found that 81% of toddler foods were classified as ultra-processed, with 49% failing to meet at least one nutrient standard. The majority exceeded recommended sugar and calorie levels, highlighting the need for warning labels on high-risk products.
A new study suggests that unsweetened sparkling water may lower the risk of enamel erosion more effectively than sugar-sweetened soda. Researchers found that saliva quickly restored the mouth's acidity to normal after consumption, regardless of beverage type.
A small clinical trial found that time-restricted eating improved spatial planning and problem-solving skills, reducing errors related to memory and learning. After six months, participants who limited their daily eating window showed significant cognitive improvements compared to those maintaining a standard eating window.
A study proposes an operational framework combining machine learning models with Sentinel-2 data to estimate agricultural drought conditions in irrigated and non-irrigated maize fields. Deep Neural Network (DNN) achieved the best performance, showing higher prediction accuracy and lower error metrics for non-irrigated fields.
Researchers developed a data-driven framework to identify optimal scale-up patterns for modular CO₂ reduction reactors. The study found that different performance objectives require distinct architectural hierarchies, with total annual cost influenced by substrate-level features and CO₂ conversion dictated at the stack level.
A study by Peking University First Hospital and collaborators found that a specialty AI knowledge base can aid in standardized learning tasks for venous thromboembolism (VTE) education. The tool reduced the burden of searching and integrating information, allowing learners to focus on clinical reasoning.
A new study reveals ZRSR1's role in restraining hepatic lipogenesis by controlling the LXR-SREBP1c pathway. In mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity and steatosis, ZRSR1 overexpression reduced liver triglyceride accumulation and insulin resistance.
Researchers developed a hierarchical porous carbon cathode with a unique dual-ion relay storage mechanism, overcoming kinetic and capacity mismatches. The material exhibited high specific capacity, excellent rate capability, and outstanding cycling stability.
Researchers developed a method to quantify and mitigate thermal interference in electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) measurements. The results showed that room-temperature calibration can be applied at high temperatures without compromising reconstruction integrity. Increasing wall thickness significantly amplifies measurement error...
Researchers developed Ce-doped BiOI catalysts for efficient CO₂ conversion to cyclic carbonates, overcoming limitations of conventional homogeneous catalytic systems. The proposed mechanism involves oxygen vacancy-mediated Lewis acid-base pairs, facilitating epoxide adsorption and reducing the energy barrier for epoxy ring-opening.
Researchers from Kogakuin University and IIT (ISM) Dhanbad collaborate to develop advanced glass-ceramic materials for energy storage and conversion. The joint effort aims to deepen understanding of Narpsio-V materials' structure-property relationships and optimize their performance.
A research team at KAIST has uncovered the molecular mechanism by which amino acid signals activate cell growth signaling. The findings suggest a potential basis for next-generation anticancer therapies that target abnormal growth signaling in tumor cells.
A new study found that four AI-powered photo-based calorie-tracking apps underestimated the calories and fat content of meals by about a third. The researchers used standardized photos of 102 meals prepared in a controlled metabolic kitchen to evaluate the apps' accuracy.
A recent analysis of prebiotic sodas found that they often contain relatively little prebiotic fiber content and more sugar than marketing claims suggest. Many products include nutrition and functional claims that may be misleading, creating a 'health halo' among consumers.
A new study of teens around age 18 found that consuming breakfast increased their overall intake of important nutrients such as fiber, iron, zinc, and choline. Additionally, eating breakfast reduced the intake of high-fat and high-sugar foods throughout the day.
A large study of over 65,000 postmenopausal women found that a higher adherence to the Planetary Health Diet was associated with a 28% lower risk of cardiovascular disease. Women who followed the diet more closely had a decreased risk of heart failure and stroke compared to those in the lowest-adherence group.
A study found that FDA-issued sodium reduction targets had minimal impact on the amount of sodium in new packaged foods, with some categories even increasing sodium levels. Researchers argue that stronger accountability mechanisms are needed to effectively reduce population sodium consumption and related health issues.
The new series, developed through meaningful community partnership, provides a comprehensive synthesis of evidence on sex workers' health and offers a contemporary approach to inform future research, policy, and practice. It emphasizes the need to address structural barriers alongside individual-level interventions.
A team of researchers discovered alternative infection strategies used by some Colletotrichum species, including nonmelanised appressorium-mediated entry (NMAE) and hyphal tip-based entry. These findings challenge the conventional assumption that melanised appressoria are universally required for plant invasion.
The new book, written by University of Illinois linguistics professor Ryan Shosted and computer language designer Neal Davis, traces the full story of the Deseret alphabet. The alphabet was developed at a time when the Latter-day Saints moved from Nauvoo, Illinois, to Utah and were struggling to survive in the desert.
Researchers developed a self-aligned, thin-film growth technology to grow tellurium film in a uniform crystal orientation at a low temperature of 150°C. This approach enables the precise fabrication of high-quality semiconductor films for next-generation semiconductors and optoelectronic devices.
Researchers found that certain gut bacteria are associated with faster or slower biological aging, explaining about 15% of the differences. The study provides evidence for the importance of the gut microbiome in understanding biological aging and its potential influence on longevity.
The book examines AI4S's comprehensive implications on educational research, highlighting challenges and opportunities for transformative change. It emphasizes the need for robust critical and reflective frameworks and prudent practice guidelines to fully leverage AI4S's potential.
UC San Diego engineers created a smart ring that continuously monitors up to four different chemical biomarkers from finger sweat. The ring provides real-time health insights into individuals with diabetes management and nutrition tracking, closely matching commercial glucose and ketone readings.
A decade-long study found substantial regional variation in lithium exposure and established urinary lithium as a reliable measure of long-term environmental exposure. Household drinking water was linked to stable urinary lithium levels over 15 years, with most samples exceeding health-based screening levels.
Researchers at UW-Madison have found a novel strategy for designing reactions that can access previously inaccessible molecule couplings. This new approach allows for the creation of strong reductants and aggressive sources of electrons, facilitating electron transfer selectivity and opening up new possibilities for synthetic chemistry.
Researchers found that CRISPR-Cas systems regulate the expression of innate immunity genes to defend against bacteriophages. This layered regulatory hierarchy provides a layer of protection, making it challenging for phages to evade the defense mechanisms.
A new global database has been developed to map pathogens and antibiotic resistance risks in coastal waters, providing a practical tool for assessing biological risks. The Coastal Water Pathogen Database integrates shotgun metagenomic sequencing data from six coastal regions across three continents.
Biochar's performance in soil depends on its feedstock, production conditions, interactions with microorganisms, and aging processes. Practical measurements are needed to assess its functionality.
Single-molecule localization microscopy is vulnerable to thermal drift, mechanical vibrations, and optical fluctuations. Established drift correction methods are categorized and hybrid strategies combining multiple techniques are discussed.
Researchers are studying foul-smelling substances to understand what attracts the New World screwworm, a flesh-eating parasite, to its favorite meal - open wounds. The goal is to develop better lures for trapping this serious threat to the livestock industry.
Researchers found that single-atom Cu and adjacent Ti sites play distinct roles in CO2 photoreduction. Single-atom Cu sites promote CO2 adsorption and activation at adjacent Ti sites through H2O adsorption and electron injection.
Researchers at Texas A&M University discovered that a key pigmentation gene evolved rapidly in chickens, revealing an unexpected pattern of genetic evolution. This process allowed for the creation of a wide range of feather colors and patterns through the combination of multiple mutations within the same gene.
A research team led by Iowa State University's Raquel Espin Palazon identified two essential components — a pervasive protein and a crucial cellular signaling pathway — needed to make some types of blood cells. Adding these components to leukemia cells could potentially lead to new treatment options.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a highly tunable electro-optic isolator for signal routing in photonic integrated circuits. The device exhibits extremely low loss and high propagation contrast, making it comparable to commercial off-chip magnetic isolators.
A new study found consistent summertime peaks in both mass shootings and suicide deaths in the US, indicating a possible link between the two. The researchers observed seasonal fluctuations in these forms of violence, raising the possibility that mass shootings may share risk pathways with suicidal behavior.
Researchers have identified a specific location where DNA begins opening inside living yeast cells, marking the start of DNA replication. The study revealed a molecular gate that helps prepare DNA for copying and coordinates multiple stages within a compact area of the genome.
A temporally plastic photonic processor enables real-time adaptation in environments with changing inputs. The device achieves high single-pass precision and shows improved accuracy in tasks like matrix inversion and sequential decision-making compared to traditional electronic processors.
A new study published in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine has found that dual-energy SPECT may enable faster monitoring of PSMA therapy, reducing imaging time from 18 minutes to 9 minutes. Another study showed a prognostic model using PSMA PET can predict outcomes after therapy, including overall survival and PSA progression-free survival.
Researchers from the Universities of Amsterdam and New South Wales have discovered ytterbium ions can remain in previously unexplored metastable states for surprisingly long times, up to 30 seconds. The findings may improve the detection of quantum bits (qubits) and their generalized analogues in ytterbium ions.
The Office of Naval Research has released a new Science and Technology Strategy to address complex challenges facing the Department of the Navy and broader Department of War. The strategy emphasizes the need for disciplined choices and prioritization in research and delivery.
Researchers at the University of Chicago report a promising new strategy using BifidoSumIL-2, an engineered bacterial strain, to deliver an immune-stimulating therapy directly into pancreatic tumors. The treatment selectively activates cancer-fighting T cells and slows tumor growth, even when combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
Researchers found that high brain metabolism is associated with longer overall survival, and it's an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. Brain metabolism measured by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT provides valuable insight into patient outcomes and may help identify patients most likely to benefit from early supportive care.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis discover 'condenzymes,' inherent catalytic activities of biomolecular condensates, which contribute to biochemical functions in cells. The study shows that condensates can catalyze reactions such as esterolysis and hydrolysis, challenging the idea that they are merely bystanders in cells.
Researchers developed an elastic bevel thermal lamination method that removes interlayer impurities, producing clean interfaces and high-performance 2D device arrays. The method significantly reduces bubbles and wrinkles while maintaining structural integrity.
A new study from Stockholm University found that the most severe droughts in the ancient Eastern Mediterranean arose when multiple natural climate cycles coincided. This helped explain why the drought associated with the Late Bronze Age collapse were so severe, pushing societies beyond a critical hydroclimatic threshold.
Scientists have identified unusual cell behavior and an overactive immune response in mothers and babies with preeclampsia, providing new therapeutic targets for the condition. The study found that stressed placental cells, poorly functioning blood vessels, and stress molecules released by the placenta contribute to the condition.
Research reveals that patients' inherited genetic variants can impact the benefits and toxicity of CAR-T cell therapy for blood cancers. Variants in genes such as STXBP2, ADAMTSL3, and PTPN22 were found to correlate with treatment-related toxicity or enhanced therapeutic activity.
Brown tree snakes have more genetic diversity than initially thought, thanks to advanced sequencing technology that revealed thousands of structural variants. This unexpected diversity may help explain how the invasive species thrived despite a severe genetic bottleneck.
The UBR4-KCMF1-Calmodulin (UKC) complex is a stress-responsive machinery that regulates protein degradation and stress signaling. It employs UBE2A as its E2 enzyme and requires substrates with pre-attached ubiquitin moieties for efficient modification.
The discovery of altermagnetism reveals a new symmetry class of matter and has profound implications for quantum materials, condensed matter physics, and future information technologies. Researchers established that nature hosts a third elementary form of collinear magnetism.
A team of researchers at Harvard and Max Planck Institute have developed three new functional components for photonic microchips using an inverse design algorithm. The compact designs are about 500 times smaller than conventional designs and offer a path toward higher-performance integrated light technologies.
A study found that antibodies generated by vaccination against Zaire ebolavirus can neutralize the current Bundibugyo ebolavirus variant, suggesting possible cross-protection. However, further studies are required to confirm clinical benefit during the ongoing outbreak.
Designing T-cell engagers aims to optimize activity and toxicity through molecular engineering, dosing regimens, and patient selection. Strategies include spatiotemporal control of T-cell activation and tumor-selective cytotoxicity to enhance efficacy while minimizing harm.
The health tech industry is evolving with AI-powered wearables that enable real-time data interpretation, reducing centralized infrastructure demands. Pharmaceutical AI tools like NoHarm automate reviews, freeing up resources for medication errors. These innovations transform healthcare, improving care and patient outcomes.
A new study found that robot-delivered feedback can help learners recover from mistakes, but more personalized feedback was not automatically more helpful in the next moment. Personalized feedback was linked to better overall performance across the whole task, suggesting a trade-off between detailed feedback and learning speed.
Researchers identify PnMYB38 as a molecular switch linking plant hormone signals to saponin biosynthesis in Sanchi ginseng. The discovery opens the door to precision breeding and metabolic engineering strategies to boost medicinal quality.
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi have discovered that the malaria parasite relies on linoleic acid-containing blood fats to support its growth. This finding challenges scientists' understanding of how the parasite survives inside the human body, revealing a previously unknown vulnerability that could be targeted by future drugs.
The Journal of Nutrition reviews updated protein guidance, highlighting strengths and limitations in the evidence. The authors emphasize the need for further research to better understand protein needs across populations.
A study used digital senses to identify unique flavor fingerprints of five Minnan oolong tea varieties. The research combined electronic nose and tongue technologies with high-resolution metabolomics to distinguish the cultivars, offering an objective tool for varietal authentication and quality assessment.