Brightsurf delivers daily science news discoveries, articles, and the latest scientific breakthroughs. Your trusted source for science news today, covering nature news, science & technology, and scientific discoveries from leading research institutions worldwide.
A new study suggests that machine learning models using first-trimester pregnancy data can identify women and babies at risk of serious health problems earlier and more accurately than existing early risk assessment approaches. The models generally outperformed the current methods in Sweden, Chile, and Singapore, highlighting the poten...
Researchers found that scented cleaning products form nanoparticles in the air, which can travel deep into the lungs, posing respiratory risks. The particles are formed quickly, taking just minutes to form and grow, and can pose health risks even after cleaning is completed.
Parasitic plants, such as dodders, steal genes from other plants and remodel them over time, retaining their original function. This process, known as horizontal gene transfer, allows the plant to adapt and survive, with the gene becoming an integral part of its genome.
A comprehensive guide to the native reptiles of the Turks and Caicos Islands has been published after 20 years of collaborative fieldwork. The guide documents 11 native species, eight of which are found nowhere else on Earth, and includes original photographs, distribution information, and conservation assessments.
A team of scientists discovered that fleeting sugar pairings in cell membranes regulate epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, reducing unwanted cell division and potentially inhibiting cancer growth. This new mechanism reveals the importance of transient molecular interactions in maintaining membrane stability and regulating cell...
A protein that sticks cells together has been found to also help engulf dead cells, a discovery that could lead to new clues for understanding chronic inflammatory conditions. The study found that the 'tissue glue' helps cells adapt to swallow dead cells, which are a major cause of inflammation.
A new multi-ancestry polygenic risk score (PRS) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) outperforms previous models, especially in genetically diverse groups. The PRS was associated with cognitive decline, memory performance, and brain imaging traits, providing a more accurate prediction of AD risk.
A new guideline from the American Stroke Association emphasizes the importance of early, individualized rehabilitation to help survivors of stroke regain independence and quality of life. The comprehensive approach addresses physical, cognitive, communication, and emotional challenges throughout recovery.
NYU Langone Health has appointed Sunil Rao, MD, and Susheel Kodali, MD, as directors of the Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology and interventional cardiology, respectively. Dr. Rao will oversee a nationally ranked cardiology program, while Dr. Kodali will lead the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory and expand treatment options for p...
Researchers at Ritsumeikan University developed a unique 'cut-to-fuse' strategy for molecular skeletal editing, transforming hydroxycoumarins into coumaranones under mild conditions. The method, published in JACS Au, demonstrates a new route to molecular scaffold construction, offering a valuable tool for medicinal chemistry.
Seoul National University researchers use probabilistic fracture mechanics to assess pipe rupture frequency in nuclear power plants, accounting for degradation mechanisms and individual parameters. The study highlights the importance of inspections in reducing rupture frequency, and the results can help engineers identify key factors g...
Researchers at UT San Antonio have found a way to create tiny clusters of disordered atoms that move oxygen ions more easily at lower temperatures, boosting fuel cell efficiency and durability. The breakthrough could help make fuel cells cheaper, more durable and easier to use outside the lab.
Researchers from Pusan National University developed an injectable system to deliver radiation directly within keloid tissue, providing a minimally invasive approach to treat abnormal scars. The microgels enabled rapid and efficient radiolabeling, and therapeutic efficacy was demonstrated in mice carrying patient-derived keloid tissue.
The study provides a practical framework for choosing biodiesel feedstocks by weighing climate impact and air pollution, offering solutions for climate change mitigation. Waste-derived feedstocks demonstrated lower GHG emissions, while plant-based options had varying pollution levels, highlighting the importance of considering air-poll...
A prospective multicenter study found the EAP regimen delivered outstanding mobilization effects, achieving 90.8% optimal mobilization in patients. The regimen showed good clinical tolerability, with most hematological toxicities well managed, and presented a practical alternative to conventional mobilization strategies.
A policy analysis by Hasanuddin University reveals that Indonesia's shift from gradual rehabilitation to stricter enforcement has not fully addressed the underlying drivers of oil palm expansion in state forest zones. The study argues that sustainable forest restoration can only be achieved when environmental protection is pursued alon...
Researchers develop a novel framework, LL-Refiner, to enhance high-resolution images in poor lighting conditions, outperforming state-of-the-art techniques. The framework uses a coarse enhancement stage to guide the recovery of fine details, resulting in improved visual quality and performance in downstream computer-vision tasks.
Researchers develop adaptive multi-expert framework for dynamic 3D reconstruction, combining strengths of multiple motion representations to improve reconstruction quality. The framework leverages complementary experts to handle heterogeneous dynamics, enabling more accurate reconstruction of complex scenes.
Txn1 mutant rats exhibit severe kidney deterioration, with hallmarks of human CKD, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. The study identifies a link between chronic thioredoxin deficiency and CKD progression, suggesting promising therapeutic approaches.
A study reveals how a primate-specific DNA change can trigger dementia-related neurodegeneration by disrupting zinc balance and Golgi function. Researchers used human stem cell-derived brain organoids to investigate the mechanism, which was associated with Alzheimer's disease in postmortem brain tissue.
The Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology has released a film highlighting the importance of clinical trials in cancer research, featuring the story of a lung cancer patient who participated in a trial. The film emphasizes the human element of research and explores how individual participation contributes to progress in cancer care.
A new study published in the Journal of the COPD Foundation suggests that women with a shorter reproductive lifespan are at greater risk of developing bronchiectasis. The study of nearly 97,000 postmenopausal women found that hormone therapy use was associated with a 19% greater risk of bronchiectasis.
A meta-analysis of 91,339 trial participants found that patients with higher adherence to antihypertensive medication experienced significant reductions in systolic blood pressure and major cardiovascular disease events. In contrast, patients with lower adherence showed little to no cardiovascular benefit
Researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst have been awarded $2.5 million to adapt their nanoparticle vaccine research to treat existing cancer. The prime-pull approach will deliver immune-activating medicines to both lymph nodes and tumors to create a robust immune response.
A study found that yellow-morph green sea turtles in the Galápagos prefer to stay in shallow coastal waters and rarely venture far from a single island. The turtles' home ranges varied greatly, but most preferred to stay within 1,498 sq km of their starting point.
Researchers from the University of Osaka found that a protein associated with amyloidogenic light chain disease forms amyloid in areas of constrained geometry when subjected to shear stress. This study, published in FEBS Journal, suggests that mechanical pressure and chemical inhibitors may help dissolve amyloids.
Researchers develop SIHNO to predict stress fields in porous metamaterials, combining geometric symmetry with Hamiltonian-inspired energy structure. The model outperforms existing approaches, achieving low absolute error and relative L2 error, and maintaining millisecond-level inference speed.
A study by the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine found that cancer-specific messages paired with AI-generated visuals draw more attention and stronger intentions to cut back on drinking. The study showed that messages named particular cancers performed better than broad warnings about cancer risk.
A new study found that some Fijian native bee populations have evolved to resist human-driven environmental changes, contrary to the global trend of declining pollinators. The study suggests that forest clearing and introduced plant species can increase nesting opportunities for these bees, particularly in lower elevation areas.
A team of northern New England universities has been awarded $5.9 million to advance snow research and explore connections between winter weather and the outdoor recreation economy in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. The project will unify snow monitoring equipment and weather station networks to improve computer model simulations an...
The study, conducted in Northern Ireland schools, found that lockable pouches led to a reduction in smartphone use, improved classroom behaviour, and decreased anxiety and depression symptoms among students. However, challenges in implementation, such as inconsistent enforcement and damage to pouches, were identified.
A recent survey found that only 20% of men are aware of the potential prostate cancer risk associated with dairy consumption. The survey also showed that 66% of men plan to avoid dairy products after learning about the risk. A meta-analysis of 32 studies supports the link between high dairy intake and increased prostate cancer risk.
Researchers from NUS and Los Alamos National Laboratory have discovered that Samarium-based nickelates can regain superconducting ability under strong magnetic fields. This reentrant superconductivity persists beyond 60 tesla, a significant breakthrough for practical superconducting technologies.
A new study suggests that tax incentives, known as 'Megadeals,' can increase innovation among nearby businesses and create fertile ground for startups. The study found a 3.3-4.9% increase in patent filings in counties with Megadeals, resulting in two to three additional patents each year.
Researchers at the University of Osaka developed novel chiral hole-transport materials that improve perovskite solar cells with strong chirality-induced spin selectivity. The materials showed spin polarization reaching about 60% and a power conversion efficiency of 20.64% in cells treated with the homochiral material.
A study found that overuse of reliever inhalers increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart failure, heart attack, and ischemic stroke, in asthma and COPD patients. Using three or more inhalers per year is associated with increased risk of death, particularly in patients without a prior history of cardiovascular disease.
A recent HKUST study found that inter-city collaboration on emission reduction can improve overall sustainability performance by more than 10% through improved regional and global strategies. The study analyzed 4,116 cities and 11 years of data, highlighting the importance of cross-city cooperation in reducing pollution and greenhouse ...
Scientists at Saitama University developed multifunctional UV-protective food-packaging films by upcycling polyamide microplastics into defect-engineered carbon quantum dots. The films exhibit transparency, flexibility, and UV-blocking performance, reducing food loss and improving product quality.
A new stem-insect species, Chosha praecursor, reveals that insects did not immediately become fully terrestrial after colonizing land. Instead, they retained and remodeled ancestral aquatic features and passed through a prolonged semi-aquatic, amphibious phase.
A new MOF-coated catalyst creates a local reaction environment, concentrating CO2 near copper single-atom reaction sites and enhancing CO conversion. The catalyst produces CO at approximately five times the rate of pristine BaTiO3 under ultrasonic vibration.