New measurements reveal that traditional cook stoves produce twice as much smoke particles as previously thought, leading to a significant impact on global climate change. The researchers found that these dark particles have a climate warming effect due to their ability to absorb solar energy and heat the atmosphere.
Researchers developed a DNA-based computer that can diagnose West Nile Virus and bird flu faster and more accurately. The technology has the potential to be used in instruments to diagnose and treat cancer, diabetes, and other diseases.
Researchers at Northwestern University have found that hematopoietic stem cells can transform into a wide variety of tissue types, not just blood cells. Additionally, the elasticity of a stem cell's environment plays a major role in determining its growth, with softer environments producing nerve-like cells and more rigid environments ...
Several chemistry professors successfully implemented kitchen chemistry experiments in their distance learning courses, achieving impressive results. Students made accurate measurements using common household items like baking soda and vinegar, improving their understanding of qualitative analysis, paper chromatography, and density.
Researchers found accelerated brain changes in people with Parkinson's, while mice exposed to pesticides showed increased oxidative stress and reduced dopamine uptake. Exposure to banned pesticides like dieldrin may increase the risk of developing Parkinson's earlier in life.
Researchers at the University of California, Irvine, have found a natural way to control the spread of destructive Argentine ants by manipulating their chemical cues. The team created a synthetic version of a recognition compound that causes untreated nest mates to attack, disrupting cooperative behavior within colonies.
Researchers have made breakthroughs in transforming adult stem cells into various tissue types, such as blood vessel cells, nerve-like cells, and muscle-like cells. These advancements hold promise for treating conditions like Parkinson's disease, diabetes, and spinal cord injuries.
Researchers at Arizona State University have created a tiny hydrogen-gas generator that can power electronic devices up to three times longer than conventional batteries. The generator uses borohydride solution and is recharged by refilling a fuel cartridge, making it safer for the environment.
Researchers have developed high-efficiency 'plastic' solar cells with potential efficiencies of up to 15 percent, paving the way for wider use. Additionally, scientists have created compounds that block bacterial communication signals, offering a powerful strategy against deadly infections.
Researchers have discovered that the Black-Bone Silky Fowl has significantly higher carnosine levels than other chicken breeds, which may contribute to its long-standing use in traditional Chinese medicine. The study found that carnosine makes up 0.45% of the muscle tissue in Black-Bones, compared to 0.22% in White Plymouth Rocks.
Recent studies have found that levels of toxic metals in New Orleans soil samples were not significantly higher than before Hurricane Katrina. In fact, some pollutants may have decreased due to natural processes. Researchers are now focusing on restoring the Gulf Coast's resilience through science and engineering.
Researchers have developed a biodegradable wipe that can detect bacteria, viruses, and other biohazards using nanofibers containing antibodies. The new process could be used by anyone to rapidly uncover pathogens in contaminated areas, providing a fast indication of whether a biohazard is present.
Researchers at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln are developing fabrics from agricultural waste products, including chicken feathers and rice straw. These fibers have properties similar to wool and cotton, making them suitable for conventional clothing and textiles.
Researchers develop nanotubes to enhance adult stem cells' ability to differentiate into neurons in stroke-damaged rat brains. Additionally, nanoparticles promote formation of blood vessels and boost cardiovascular function after heart attacks.
Researchers have discovered fucoxanthin in brown seaweed, which reduces abdominal fat and stimulates the liver to produce DHA, an omega-3 fatty acid. The compound could be developed into a pill for weight loss, but human studies are planned and may take several years.
A new study suggests that Prozac exposure can prematurely release larvae in freshwater mussels, potentially dooming them. The findings contribute to the growing concern about pharmaceutical pollution's impact on native aquatic species.
A California winemaker is using advanced spectroscopy and chromatography techniques to analyze grapes for optimal aroma, color, taste, and mouthfeel. This technology complements traditional methods like tasting grapes, allowing for more accurate predictions of when to harvest for better wine quality.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in improving the efficiency of solar cells, including plastic solar cells with efficiencies up to 15% and ultrathin dye-sensitized solar cells reaching 11%. Carbon nanotubes could also boost efficiency by doubling photoconversion rates.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have created 'conversation stoppers' that can block bacterial communication signals, offering a new approach to combat deadly bacterial infections. These small organic molecules can be combined with antibiotics to deliver a powerful one-two punch and minimize resistance development.
Researchers have found a compound that can act like a bed of nails, fending off microbes from colonizing wound dressings and other implantable devices. Coating these devices with the compound could help prevent thousands of bacterial and yeast infections annually.
Scientists are exploring the health benefits of functional foods, including mandarin oranges which may reduce liver cancer risk and a new type of flour with enhanced antioxidants. Researchers have also developed a 'designer soybean' that boosts calcium levels and fights osteoporosis.
George M. Whitesides receives the 2007 Priestley Medal for his groundbreaking research in NMR, materials science, and nanotechnology, with potential applications in electronics, pharmaceuticals, and medical diagnostics.
The PBS/NOVA documentary 'Forgotten Genius' celebrates the life and work of Percy Julian, a trailblazing chemist who made significant contributions to the field. Julian's research led to the synthesis of physostigmine, a drug used in glaucoma treatment, and he was a pioneer in biomedical research.
Twenty-four scientists honored for developing life-saving antibiotics, chemotherapy treatments, eco-friendly refrigerants, and safer toxic gas transport methods. Their innovations have significantly improved human well-being and the environment.
The median salary for new Ph.D. graduates increased from $65,000 to $72,400 over the past five years, while bachelor's and master's level graduates saw gains of $2,500 and $1,400 respectively. However, when adjusted for inflation, starting salaries remained lower than in 2000, indicating a continued soft job market.
The US Chemistry Olympiad team, comprising students from New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and North Dakota, won three silver medals and one bronze medal at the International Chemistry Olympiad. The team's victory is a testament to their scientific prowess and innovative ideas.
A new study by American Chemical Society researchers predicts that landfill burial will not release toxic chemicals, alleviating concerns about contaminated building debris. The computer model used a combination of organic material and chemical warfare agent data to simulate landfill behavior.
Researchers have made a significant breakthrough in cryopreservation by discovering a way to slow down the formation of ice crystals in cells. This discovery, published in the Journal of Physical Chemistry B, could pave the way for preserving organs and tissues without damage.
A recent study found that microorganisms can degrade relatively stable forms of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), making them more toxic. This process could render current and planned bans of the most toxic forms of PBDEs ineffective, scientists warn.
A new approach to improving cancer chemotherapy involves giving anticancer drugs basic properties, allowing them to accumulate in both normal and malignant cells. This approach may lead to more effective treatment with fewer side effects.
Scientists have confirmed experiments that chemical chaperones can partially correct the genetic defect responsible for most cases of Gaucher's disease. This could lead to a cost reduction of at least 100-fold compared to current enzyme replacement therapy.
Researchers have developed carbon-based quantum dots that show less potential for toxicity and environmental harm. These dots can be used to create low-cost sensors for detecting explosives and biological warfare agents.
A recent study by researchers at the National Marine Fisheries Service has found significant amounts of Exxon Valdez oil buried in sand and silt in tidal feeding grounds of sea otters, ducks, and other wildlife. This discovery highlights the potential long-term impact of oil spills on marine ecosystems.
A new home testing kit could help identify 'hidden' caffeine in coffee, tea, and soda by detecting the stimulant in hot beverages. The test strips use an unusual antibody derived from llamas that is resistant to high temperatures, allowing for accurate detection of caffeine content.
Researchers analyze 31 pure agave tequilas and 25 mixed-tequila samples using ion and gas chromatography, identifying distinct chemical profiles. A new screening test using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy may be used to identify fake tequilas.
A new potential vaccine against deadly leishmaniasis has been developed by a research group led by Peter H. Seeberger, combining a virosome delivery system with a synthetic carbohydrate antigen. This innovative approach aims to overcome the limitations of existing vaccines and provide a strong protective action against the disease.
The Bridgewater team created an interactive toy called 'The Green Machine' that teaches principles of green chemistry and reduces waste. The winning entry earned a $2,000 prize for purchasing a computer system and aims to interest young children in science and renewable energy.
The American Chemical Society has announced the winners of its nationwide student chemistry competition. The top prizes were awarded to Marissa Hohman, Jeanette Lawrence, and Andrew Gomez for their outstanding posters in grades K-2, 3-4, and 9-12, respectively.
Researchers have discovered a novel way to increase the potency of botulinum neurotoxin treatments, allowing for lower doses and enhanced cosmetic benefits. The new approach may reduce the risk of complications associated with frequent injections, making Botox safer and more accessible.
Researchers at Arizona State University and Vanderbilt University found that Peruvian trophy heads came from a greater variety of geologic zones than those buried in ancient tombs, suggesting they were victims of warfare or raiding. Meanwhile, stable isotope analysis revealed corn was cultivated in South America earlier than previously...
Research on grape seed extract's potential to lower blood pressure, discovery of new elements, and studies on prostate cancer were among the topics presented at the ACS meeting. The conference also featured discussions on improving America's scientific competitiveness and food safety.
A tiny packet containing a grayish powder has been shown to dramatically reduce diarrheal deaths caused by contaminated water. The system, called PUR Purifier of Water, can kill deadly pathogens and remove toxic metals, and is now being distributed globally for free
Low oxygen levels in ocean 'dead zones' can induce sex changes in embryonic fish, leading to an overabundance of males and potentially threatening species with extinction. The study found that 75% of zebra fish developed male characteristics under low oxygen conditions.
Researchers have discovered that the sweetgum tree contains significant amounts of shikimic acid, a key ingredient in the production of Tamiflu, a treatment for bird flu. This finding could help alleviate the global shortage of the drug, which has sparked concerns over a potential pandemic.
Researchers are developing new artificial sweeteners and non-calorie sweetness enhancers to reduce health risks associated with high sugar consumption. The ACS symposium highlights potential breakthroughs in treating taste disorders, identifying supertasters at risk of colon cancer, and creating safe natural sweeteners.
Researchers explored novel oil traits through genetic engineering to enhance biofuel performance. They identified a 'soybean event' with high oleic acid levels, which reduced saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Meanwhile, hydrogenated biodiesel fuels showed promise in reducing NOx emissions in light-duty diesel engines
The symposium showcases the latest research on green nanochemistry, focusing on sustainable nanotechnology and its applications in medicine, electronics, and energy. Researchers discuss developments of greener nanomaterials, new water-soluble carbon nanotubes, and nanomaterials for improved solar cells and fuel cells.
Researchers have developed custom nanoparticles that show promise in providing a more targeted and effective delivery of anticancer drugs. The particles can be made to mimic the shapes of objects found in nature, such as red blood cells or virus particles, and have the potential to reduce side effects associated with chemotherapy.
Researchers have created a biochemical metal detector to measure tiny amounts of zinc inside living cells. The technique can detect free zinc concentrations even in healthy cells, shedding light on zinc's role in health and disease.
Paul Rothemund's 'scaffolded DNA origami' technique allows for 10-fold more complex shapes, including snowflakes and a map of the Americas, with minimal design expertise required. This approach breaks traditional rules for nanoscale fabrication with DNA, paving the way for potential applications in electronics and self-assembled devices.