Localized fertilization optimizes plant growth by stimulating root proliferation, increasing nutrient absorption, and promoting beneficial microorganisms. Studies have shown increased crop yields with reduced fertilizer input, improved soil microecological environment, and enhanced soil health.
Researchers at Zhejiang University discovered that Baf60c regulates fat tissue thermogenesis via Musclin signals. By controlling Musclin gene expression, Baf60c influences energy balance, reducing obesity risk.
Researchers discovered two regulatory modules that underwent 'saltations' between human and ape species, influencing genes associated with long-term memory, learning, and social behavior. This finding offers a new quantitative paradigm for studying gene regulation and the evolution of human cognition.
Researchers have developed a new non-carbon supported catalyst, Pt/TiO₂-O <sub> v </sub> , that enhances electron transfer and withholds CO poisoning in acidic conditions. The catalyst demonstrated superior performance in hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction reactions.
A novel PCM material combines PEG with a bird-inspired 3D structure for improved thermal conductivity, overcoming challenges like supercooling and low efficiency. The HDF/PEG composite offers integrated solutions for solar energy collection, heat dissipation, and thermal energy transfer/storage.
Researchers optimize pyrolysis parameters to balance yield and quality of biochar, enhancing its performance in soil remediation and environmental purification. By applying modification technologies, they aim to achieve efficient production of high-quality biochar.
Bio-based material amendments such as microbial inoculants, nanomaterials, and biochar improve soil health and crop productivity. The combined use of these amendments enhances nutrient utilization efficiency, increasing nitrogen and phosphorus uptake in crops like wheat and soybeans.
Plants utilize two primary pathways, the direct pathway (DP) and the mycorrhizal pathway (MP), to acquire phosphorus from soil. The direct pathway involves plants absorbing available phosphorus directly, while the mycorrhizal pathway relies on a symbiotic relationship with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.
A recent study found that an enzyme called hyaluronidase-1 (HYAL1) helps suppress excessive glucose production in the liver, particularly after meals. This breakthrough could lead to new strategies for managing type 2 diabetes by enhancing HYAL1 activity or manipulating HA levels.
When plants are infected by pathogens, attacked by herbivores, or suffer from mechanical damage, mycorrhizal fungi can transmit warning signals to neighboring individuals via extensive symbiotic relationships. This process allows plants to activate defense mechanisms and reduces the risk of being attacked.
Researchers analyzed three stochastic models and found that transcriptional noise affects cell fate transitions under different gene activation frameworks. The study revealed principles governing noise-mediated regulation of cell fate decisions in systems like HIV latency and yeast stress response.
A new study proposes a risk-aware optimal dispatch strategy for resource aggregators, combining probabilistic renewable energy prediction and bi-level building flexibility engagement. The strategy results in cost savings and reduced carbon emissions for both the aggregator and the building cluster.
The article reviews current AI applications in chemical product design, process synthesis and design, process control and monitoring, and process safety and hazards. Hybrid AI approaches are being developed to find optimal processing routes and designs, considering sustainability criteria.
Researchers developed a tin (Sn)-modified Ce–Nb mixed-oxide catalyst that enhances NOx conversion rates and hydrothermal stability. The study provides a promising solution for diesel vehicle emission control, improving air quality and meeting environmental regulations.
A new study presents an integrated model that evaluates flood risks to people's life and property in the lower Yellow River under various floodplain management modes. The model accurately simulates highly sediment-laden floods and assesses vulnerability to extreme flooding.
This special issue highlights cutting-edge developments in subwavelength optics, including nonlinear meta-devices, chiral optical signals, and hybrid-layer data storage. Researchers explore new phenomena at the subwavelength scale, enabling enhanced imaging, sensing, and communication capabilities.
The study resolved two cryo-EM structures of the Nipah virus L protein in complex with the P protein, revealing well-defined RdRp and PRNTase domains. The P protein formed a tetrameric bundle interacting with the L protein via hydrophobic interactions and zinc-binding sites essential for polymerase activity.
A recent study reveals that mitochondrial activity and gene expression vary significantly between tissues, even within the same person. The researchers found minimal correlation in mitochondrial function between tissues, with some cases showing negatively correlated functions.
A new research published in Frontiers of Computer Science proposes a Multi-Projection Recurrent (MPR) model for hypernym detection and discovery. The MPR model addresses polysemy by leveraging multiple projection functions, allowing it to handle multiple hypernyms at the same semantic level.
Researchers developed an artificial interphase using Al-Li/LiF to solve the lithium metal battery's volume expansion issue. The study shows a discharge capacity of 114.3 mAh·g after 300 cycles, demonstrating improved cycle stability and capacity retention.
The workshop aims to improve advances in spatial-rich data management and predictive models by combining LLMs and spatial-rich data. Topics of interest include integrating LLMs with spatial-rich data, enhancing data quality and anomaly detection.
The 51st VLDB conference will focus on the relationship between AI technologies and data, exploring topics like data discovery, cleaning, and integration for deep learning and large language models. Researchers and practitioners will gather to discuss advancements in data construction techniques that propel AI progress.
A recent study reveals that DHHC5 plays a pivotal role in regulating intestinal lipid absorption by controlling VEGFR2 localization in lipid rafts. This process is crucial for lacteal function and chylomicron transport, leading to improved lipid metabolism and lymphatic system stability.
A new study explores the future of EV ultrafast charging stations in China, finding that increased power capacity does not necessarily double station loads. The researchers propose two generalized solutions: energy storage and dynamic waiting strategies, which can effectively decrease peak loads and satisfy surging demands.
Researchers developed an adaptive quantum approximate optimization-based model predictive control strategy to enhance energy efficiency and drive decarbonization in buildings. The approach achieved a 6.8% improvement in energy efficiency and a 41.2% reduction in carbon emissions.
A novel construction material FHPRC boasts excellent mechanical properties and is suitable for super-high-rise structures. The research optimizes tensile behavior by combining UHPC with high ductility and crack control capacity of engineered cementitious composite.
The AcrOSS platform features a three-layer architecture to manage UAS traffic, improve pilots' situation awareness with augmented reality, and ensure safe integration into controlled and uncontrolled airspace. Experimental tests showed promising results, but improvements are needed for ergonomics and integration between components.
A novel approach to analyzing human blood plasma's low-abundant N-glycoproteome has been developed, enabling the reliable identification of rare and modified glycans. This workflow can detect glycoproteins with concentrations as low as 6.31 pg·mL−1, expanding the range by five orders of magnitude.
Researchers developed a new method to investigate karst features in urban areas using ambient noise tomography. The technique improved the resolution of seismic imaging and provided high-resolution images of subsurface structures, contributing to better geological hazard prevention and control.
The EBDM system effectively controls membrane fouling, enhances effluent quality, and improves methane productivity in wastewater treatment. The electric field modifies the physicochemical properties of the biomass, reducing the fouling potential and promoting microbial metabolism.
The GlycoPro platform offers a novel approach to multi-glycosylation-omics analysis by integrating multiple steps into a single workflow. It has been successfully applied in breast cancer research, identifying a panel of five N-glycan biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity.
Researchers developed a self-adaptive core-shell dry adhesive with remarkable performance under non-parallel contact. The 'live core' adapts to macroscopic interfacial angle errors, enabling stress equalization and high adhesion strength.
Data-model fusion (DMF) integrates model-based and data-driven methods to reduce limitations in smart manufacturing and digital engineering. It enhances interpretability and accuracy, with applications in product design, manufacturing, experimentation, testing, verification, and maintenance.
Bank filtration (BF) was shown to effectively enhance the permeate quality of gravity-driven membrane (GDM) filtration by removing turbidity, particulate organic matter, and micropollutants. This pretreatment also improved membrane stability and increased stable flux, making it a promising strategy for treating polluted source water.
SiC-based pressure sensors offer promising solutions for extreme environments due to their wide bandgap, high carrier saturation drift rate, and strong chemical stability. The review highlights key technologies, including epitaxial layers, piezoresistive effect, ohmic contacts, etching, and sensor packaging.
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals reduced testicular spermatogonia and spermatocytes in C-Nap1-null mice. Type B spermatogonia differentiation and meiotic initiation are impaired, with genes like Ctnnb1 and Aurka affected.
Large-scale DNA assembly facilitates genomic engineering and de novo genome synthesis, empowering artificial life research. The recent publication compares various assembly strategies, highlighting limitations and future development directions.
Researchers propose a novel machine memory structure and the M2I framework to address excessive data consumption, catastrophic forgetting, and logical reasoning capabilities in large models. The study has potential to revolutionize AI development by mimicking human brain's memory mechanisms.
The journal is inviting submissions on AI for engineering, focusing on novel methodologies and applications to solve real-world problems. Submissions can cover various areas such as intelligent manufacturing, energy, transportation, and medicine.
A novel approach uses a biomass-based carbon aerogel to efficiently treat oily water and sludge, reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions. The material's photothermal conversion characteristics enable effective dehydration of oily pollutants.
A novel approach combines large language models and quantum computing to predict Salmonella antimicrobial resistance. The SARPLLM algorithm outperforms other models in prediction accuracy.
A systematic review of platform supply chain logistics service strategies reveals the importance of service cost and level in choosing between self-built and third-party logistics. Shared logistics sharing also offers an innovative resource-sharing model with multiple companies.
A new study explores ultra-high-speed machining, revealing that high-performance materials pose challenges such as low efficiency and rapid tool wear. The researchers identify three typical material removal mechanisms: ductile-mode, brittle-mode, and extrusion removal, with the latter having a broader range of applicability.
The journal Engineering is soliciting nominations for the 2025 Top Ten Global Engineering Achievements, honoring groundbreaking engineering accomplishments with significant global impact. Eligible entries include completed major projects, technological equipment, or breakthroughs in core engineering innovations across various fields.
Researchers explored cyclic CO2 injection in unconventional reservoirs, finding a 3.4% increase in oil recovery and 48.3% of injected CO2 stored underground after ten cycles. However, this process reduced cumulative oil production by 2.2%.
A breakthrough in medical technology, the wearable stethoscope accurately monitors lung sounds in real-time and detects wheezing. An AI-based algorithm classifies breathing sounds and counts wheezing events with high accuracy.
A recent study presents a novel approach to optimizing peer-to-peer coupled electricity and carbon trading among prosumers. The proposed framework achieves optimal electricity–carbon P2P trading, outperforming traditional market schemes in terms of economic benefits and carbon-emission reduction.
Researchers investigate microbial reduction of vanadate to detoxify the environment. Electron transfer pathways, including extracellular and intracellular processes, are identified as crucial for vanadium detoxification. Vanadium isotope fractionation also follows a Rayleigh model, with lighter isotopes reacting preferentially.
The paper proposes a new safety concept based on system-of-systems (SoS) perspective to address challenges in civil aviation transportation system (CATS) safety management. The SoS safety concept includes three core elements: safety capability, safety logic, and safety architecture.
A new review synthesizes decades of research showing how thermodynamics sets boundaries for life's functions, from molecular machines to collective cellular behaviors. The study highlights the importance of stochastic thermodynamics in understanding these limitations.