Researchers found that urban areas and male middle-aged patients are more likely to receive high-dose opioid prescriptions. The study analyzed over 3 million Medicaid claims in Missouri from 2017 to 2021, identifying risk factors for opioid use disorder.
A recent study published in Nature found that millions of pregnancies worldwide are lost each year due to new mutations in the fetus. The researchers discovered that essential genomic sequences are more frequently mutated in lost fetuses compared to adults.
A new study published in Blood Cancer Discovery found that certain gene mutations and the maturity of leukemia cells affect how patients respond to venetoclax and hypomethylating agents. Researchers identified a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with worse outcomes, particularly those without the NPM1 mutation.
Researchers from UMass Amherst have comprehensively linked birdsong pitch and volume, revealing a mix of variation across species. Songbirds tend to narrow their frequency range as they increase in volume, suggesting evolutionary freedom in song evolution.
Researchers developed a new equation to predict seismic wave propagation in magma containing crystals and bubbles, revealing how crystal content influences wave velocity and waveform properties. The analysis also showed that bubble content affects attenuation effects, with discernible differences emerging between models.
A retrospective study found that allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant is a highly effective method for treating children with monogenic inflammatory bowel disease, resulting in sustained medication-free remission in over 90% of patients. The treatment also led to significant improvements in growth, reduced hospital visits, and...
A rare form of childhood brain cancer called Diffuse Midline Glioma (DMG) hijacks gene control machinery to fuel its growth. A specific gene-silencing complex, CBX4/PCGF4-cPRC1, is essential for tumour growth and could be a promising drug target.
Dennis Jones, a BU researcher, has received the Cotran Early Career Investigator Award for his work on cancer research and vascular biology. He aims to improve T cell entry into tumors by developing approaches to enhance blood vessel function.
A team successfully observed hydrogen and deuterium molecules confined within a picocavity, revealing unprecedented detail about their vibrational modes. The study demonstrates a pronounced isotope-dependent effect, highlighting the potential for advanced molecular spectroscopy and nanoscale sensing.
Researchers developed a genomic risk assessment score to predict disease progression in patients with precursor conditions for multiple myeloma. The score assesses the severity of disease and risk of progression, allowing for more personalized care and early intervention strategies.
A study of 2,268 US individuals aged 60+ found strong association between social activities and low 4-year mortality risk. High social engagement, such as charity work and sports participation, was significantly linked to reduced risk of dying.
A study by Carnegie Mellon University researchers found that regulatory firms may underperform due to ingroup bias, favoring domestic clients over foreign ones. However, inspectors' professionalism reduces this bias, leading to more uniform enforcement of regulations across entities.
Scientists have successfully measured the structure of liquid carbon using a unique combination of laser compression, X-ray analysis, and large-area detectors. The results reveal that liquid carbon has a water-like structure with special structural properties, and its melting point was precisely determined.
Researchers developed an in vitro assay to evaluate the anti-pathogen efficacy of mixed algal microbiomes from live-feed microalgae Tetraselmis suecica and Isochrysis galbana. The study found that mixtures of bacteria could inhibit Vibrio anguillarum, a fish pathogen, and isolated pure cultures of bacteria.
The study addresses complexities like open-system mixing and model age discrepancies, emphasizing Pb evolution frameworks for tracing crustal recycling and ore genesis. Key challenges include mass bias correction, isobaric interferences, and low-Pb sample limitations.
A study from the University of Georgia found that a combination of environmental, climatic, and cultural factors drive human-lion conflict in Namibia. The study suggests that areas with less vegetation are more prone to fatalities due to lions being able to hide better from humans.
The study discovered that closely related SCAR proteins have distinct functions in plant cells, with specific regions impacting protein stability. This knowledge could improve understanding of plant-microbe interactions and develop strategies for improved plant growth.
Researchers found that vitamin D supplementation helps maintain telomeres, protective caps at the ends of chromosomes that shorten during aging. This suggests a promising role in slowing a pathway for biological aging and preventing age-related diseases.
A University of Michigan study reveals that songbirds making arduous winter migrations to warmer climates exhibit higher genetic diversity than those staying closer to their breeding locations. This finding highlights the interplay between genetic diversity and climate change/human impact on bird habitats.
A study by the University of Reading found that digital mental health tools can improve outcomes when combined with human interaction. Participants rated live interviewers as more empathetic than automated versions, suggesting hybrid models may be the most effective path forward.
A recent study shows that electric vehicle manufacturers can reduce their material demands by nearly 15% by adopting a circular manufacturing system decision-making model. This approach enables product design that facilitates eventual remanufacture and reuse, or recycling, resulting in production cost savings of 18.6% and overall carbo...
Researchers developed a novel structure to enhance spin-torque heat-assisted magnetic recording, achieving 35% improvement in HDD recording efficiency. The technology has potential for reduced energy consumption and enhanced durability, paving the way for next-generation storage technologies.
A new clinical study at UT Dallas demonstrated significant improvements in arm and hand function for individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury. The closed-loop vagus nerve stimulation (CLV) approach produced meaningful benefits, regardless of age or severity of impairment.
Personal care products like perfume and body lotion influence the human oxidation field indoors, reducing ozone reactivity and chemical cocktail formation. The study suggests these products can suppress indoor air chemistry, impacting human health.
Gonadotroph cells controlling puberty and reproduction originate from two separate populations, with the majority produced after birth. This finding could aid in understanding and treating disorders impacting puberty and fertility.
A new study projects that wind losses for homeowners in the Southeast will increase by 76% by 2060 and 102% by 2100. Texas is expected to experience the highest increase in losses, followed by Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama.
Researchers found that plants increase sugar and nectar volume in response to bee buzzing sounds, altering their gene expression. This may be a survival strategy to improve reproductive success by attracting efficient pollinators.
A new drug called nerandomilast has shown significant efficacy in reducing disease progression by more than 50% in two phase 3 studies. This breakthrough treatment offers new therapeutic options for patients with pulmonary fibrosis, a life-threatening disease with a limited prognosis.
A genetic variant of ACSF3 has been identified as contributing to the co-evolution of increased human height and basal metabolic rate. This variant is found in humans but not in non-human primates, suggesting a link to the dietary shift towards meat consumption that occurred during modern human evolution.
Combining afforestation and oceanic carbon dioxide removal does not lead to efficiency losses, according to LMU researchers. This combination could reduce pressure on land areas, providing social and ecological advantages. More research is needed into marine CDR methods and their environmental impacts.
A new study by SwRI scientists reveals that solar energetic particles (SEPs) can be twice as fast as the solar wind and are more effectively accelerated to higher energies due to their distinct velocity distribution. This discovery is crucial for understanding radiation hazards to astronauts.
Researchers will present AI models that predict chronic respiratory failure and detect airway obstruction, with key findings on asthma susceptibility, small airway disease, and lung inflammation. The studies use nasal epithelial gene expression analyses and bronchoscopy to identify potential biomarkers for ICU patient outcomes.
Researchers developed a low-cost nanocomposite with excellent electrochemical performance for supercapacitors and strong catalytic efficiency in degrading industrial pollutants. The material has promising dual functionality for energy storage and environmental remediation.
Researchers designed a new chiral aminoborane molecule with persistent room-temperature phosphorescence and circularly polarised luminescence, ideal for anti-counterfeiting inks, bioimaging agents, and security tags. The molecule's rigid structure suppresses non-radiative decay, enabling long-lived emission.
The ENABLE-6G project has developed 20 technological breakthroughs that prioritize network intelligence, energy efficiency, localization, and privacy-preserving analytics. The project has generated a range of outputs, including real-world testing platforms, wireless sensing algorithms, and AI-driven network optimization methods.
Researchers characterize exact quantum query complexity of MOD and EXACT functions, showing that broad classes of symmetric functions can be solved exactly with fewer queries than input size. A tight characterization provides a full understanding of the power of quantum algorithms for these specific problems.
The study revealed a new molecular regulatory mechanism that regulates grain length and weight by controlling cell expansion and auxin content. OsbHLH166 and OsABCB4 regulate grain shape by modulating the expression of genes involved in cell growth and development.
A research team developed a unified theoretical framework to predict the performance of single-atom catalysts for electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction. The model incorporates pH and interfacial electric field effects, identifying 12 SACs with favorable CO selectivity across varying pH values.
A study of nearly 600 white-tailed deer in southwest Wisconsin reveals how habitat selection and social interactions affect chronic wasting disease transmission. The research found that certain habitats, like agricultural fields, facilitate easy transmission between deer groups.
A new study presents evidence that the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) is not an accurate measure of neighborhood health, particularly in areas with high costs of living. The Healthy Places Index (HPI), on the other hand, was found to be a better predictor of mortality risk for patients hospitalized with sepsis.
New research from Washington State University finds that helpers' emotional expressions can influence whether their assistance is welcomed or resentful. Helpers who express emotions like gratitude and sympathy are more likely to foster trust and future collaboration, while those who display pride or contempt have their motives questioned.
Researchers developed light-powered artificial muscles that operate freely underwater, overcoming limitations of traditional soft robotic actuators. The new technology demonstrates 3× greater actuation stroke and 2× higher work capacity than existing photochemical actuators.
A recent epigenetic study identified RABGGTB as a promising biomarker for autism spectrum disorder, revealing extensive DNA methylation abnormalities in key brain regions. The findings suggest that studying this gene could unlock new doors to understanding ASD and lead to future diagnostic breakthroughs.
A new study by Greer Jarrett reveals that Vikings sailed farther away from Scandinavia and took routes farther from land than previously believed. The research identified a decentralized network of ports on islands and peninsulas that played a central role in trade and travel during the Viking era.
Researchers developed an artificial intelligence technique that detects DNA fragments in patient blood to monitor treatment response. The ARTEMIS-DELFI approach was found to be more effective and simpler than existing methods, allowing for quicker identification of patients who are not responding to therapy.
A study by University of Cambridge scientists reveals how genetic changes in Hibiscus flowers led to the loss of visually striking bullseye patterns. The research identifies a key gene regulator and demonstrates how similar floral changes can evolve independently through changes in a single genetic element.
Amber Hazzard, a doctoral candidate at MUSC, has been named an AAAS Mass Media Fellow for 2025. She will intern at The News & Observer in Raleigh to promote science communication and increase scientific literacy among the public.
Researchers found a total of 2,829 genetically defined species, with bacteria richness being 10.3 times greater than eukaryotes. The study revealed previously unknown associations between bacteria and eukaryotes, suggesting novel mutualisms that may promote nutrient exchange.
Researchers at Sutter Health have discovered early signs of clinical benefit from niraparib, a PARP inhibitor, in patients with advanced melanoma whose tumors had specific genetic changes impacting DNA repair. The study found a disease control rate of 64% and potential as a biomarker for treatment response.
A potent combination of antimalarial compounds blocks parasite transmission in mosquitoes while circumventing insecticide resistance. The new strategy retains activity even after a year and efficiently kills parasites even when applied to the female mosquito up to four days in advance of infection.
The 4D-ACS trial showed a 49% reduction in net adverse clinical events and a 77% decrease in bleeding events with one-month DAPT followed by prasugrel 5mg monotherapy, demonstrating enhanced safety without compromising ischaemic protection for East Asian ACS patients.
Researchers found that halving vital sign and neurological function checks in low-risk patients after acute ischemic stroke treatment does not compromise care or recovery. The approach also frees up nursing time and intensive care resources, improving hospital capacity.
New research from the University of Chicago reveals that dentine, the inner layer of teeth, first evolved as sensory tissue in ancient fish. Fossil studies confirm that early vertebrates used sensory organs in their armor to sense conditions in the water, similar to modern arthropods.
Researchers used machine learning to classify older adults in Japan by physical and cognitive functions. Five functional subtypes were identified, including severe multicomponent and moderate physical types, which showed higher risks of death and hospitalization respectively.
A study at the University of Zurich tracks live cellular development and epigenetic changes over multiple generations, showing how stress induces heterogeneity and increases genetic complexity. This research may lead to better understanding of cancer cell diversity and develop more effective therapies.
Researchers at University of Illinois develop novel AI approach combining machine learning with SHapley Additive exPlanations to enhance gully formation prediction and understanding. The method achieved a prediction accuracy of 91.6% compared to 86% for individual models.
A randomized controlled trial found that additional imaging techniques such as fast MRI and contrast mammography can detect early-stage cancers in women with dense breasts that were missed by mammograms. The study showed a cancer detection rate of 1.7% for fast MRI and 1.9% for contrast mammography, compared to 0.4% for ultrasound.
A new study finds that cannabis use disorder diagnoses rose substantially across all age groups, race/ethnicity, and comorbidity subgroups nationwide from 2000 to 2022. People living with HIV experienced the greatest relative increase in CUD diagnoses, particularly among older adults.
A study uses a probabilistic life cycle approach to evaluate the carbon emission intensity of magnesium silicate hydrate cement (MSHC), finding that its low-carbon characteristics vary depending on mix proportions and Mg/Si ratio. Machine learning techniques improve accuracy and provide reliable scientific evidence for the construction...
Researchers at Intermountain Health found that using ePneumonia, a computerized clinical decision support tool, reduced mortality rates among patients with pneumonia, particularly those experiencing socioeconomic hardship. The study also showed that this technology helped overcome unconscious biases in treatment decisions.
A new study found that people taking antidepressants for over two years are more likely to experience withdrawal symptoms, including anxiety and fatigue. Long-term users also tend to have worse withdrawal symptoms and are less able to stop taking the medication.
A study by University of California, Davis' Tahoe Environmental Research Center found large fluctuations in ultraviolet radiation between wet and dry years at Lake Tahoe. UV radiation penetrates deeply in clear waters like Lake Tahoe, affecting aquatic ecosystems and photosynthesis.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found elevated circPVT1 expression associated with poorer overall survival in patients with solid tumors. The study also revealed correlations between circPVT1 levels and larger tumor size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and advanced tumor-stage.
Researchers have identified a type of chemical compound that kills malaria-causing parasites in mosquitoes when applied to insecticide-treated bed nets. The breakthrough could significantly blunt malaria transmission and potentially replace traditional prevention methods.
Researchers have developed a new platform using dispersion-managed silicon nitride microresonators to suppress timing jitter, achieving femtosecond-level precision. This breakthrough enables the deployment of chip-scale solitons in space navigation, ultrafast data networks, and quantum measurement systems.
Researchers at Kobe University have created a single-pixel camera that can record three-dimensional holographic movies, even through tissues. The camera uses a high-speed digital micromirror device to project patterns required for recording the hologram, enabling the capture of moving objects and images outside the visible spectrum.
A Kyoto University study reveals that seasonal timing of terrestrial invertebrate resource subsidies can mediate life-history variation in wild organisms. The researchers found that early subsidies led to the highest life-history variation, while later or no subsidies resulted in lower variation.
Tracy Crane has been appointed as the new Chair of the NRG CPC Committee, focusing on improving adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors, while Mylin Torres joins as Vice-Chair, leading research on breast cancer and radiation-induced side effects. Both experts bring extensive experience in clinical trials and mentorship.
Researchers at Beijing Institute of Technology developed an innovative grayscale-assisted method to convert near-infrared images into visible RGB images. The two-phase conversion process improves luminance and chromatic detail, producing more visually appealing and detailed RGB images with higher PSNR and SSIM values.
A research team is integrating microorganisms into façade coatings to create 'living tattoos' on building walls. These organisms will protect surfaces from weathering, store CO2, and filter pollutants from the air.
A team of researchers developed a machine learning model called Aurora that accurately forecasts various Earth systems, including air quality and tropical cyclone tracks. The model outperforms traditional systems at a fraction of the cost, enabling better preparedness for extreme weather events.
A new study published by the American Academy of Neurology found no increase in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and ADHD in children whose mothers took triptan medications before or during pregnancy. Researchers analyzed data from over 26,000 pregnancies and followed the children for an average of eight years.
Researchers have developed CaliAli, an advanced analytical framework that aligns calcium imaging data across multiple sessions, allowing for the continuous tracking of individual neurons. This breakthrough enables long-term brain activity studies and advances understanding of memory formation, retention, and neurological diseases.
A meta-analysis of PROTECTED TAVR and BHF PROTECT-TAVI trials reveals no significant difference between control arms with and without cerebral embolic protection devices during TAVI. This conclusion challenges the use of CEP devices in TAVI procedures.
Researchers have accurately simulated ion channel currents using atom-by-atom computational models, settling a decades-long scientific debate. The findings reveal that up to four potassium ions line up in the channel like pearls on a string, enabling rapid conduction and exquisite selectivity.
A retrospective study found that patients with ALS who used REM-suppressing antidepressants had a significantly higher two-year survival rate compared to those without such medications. This breakthrough suggests that inhibiting REM sleep may be a viable treatment option for ALS.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open found that as preteens used more social media, their depressive symptoms increased by 35%. The research team tracked changes over time in each child to accurately assess the link between social media and depression. Experts suggest using digital habits tools to create healthier online behavior...
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center have made significant discoveries in three key areas of cancer care. In a study on sickle cell disease, the team found that the disorder can suppress immunity by altering DNA structure in CD8+ T cells, leading to potential strategies for improving immunotherapy responses. Meanwhile, a biomarker-...
An international team of researchers has identified a genetic link to long-term symptoms after COVID-19, with a gene variant increasing the risk by about 60%. The variant is located near the FOXP4 gene, which affects lung function and development. Impaired lung function plays a key role in developing long COVID.
A systematic review of 10 studies found no evidence that mouth taping helps treat sleep-disordered breathing or obstructive sleep apnea. However, mouth taping may be associated with some improvement in mild obstructive sleep apnea severity in a subset of patients.
Researchers found that spider venoms are prey-specific, meaning they target the physiology of animals found in their natural diet. This explains why some spiders, like the Brazilian wandering spider, have potent venom, while others, like the Giant house spider, have less effective venom.
Under carbon limitation, trees shift from roots to mycorrhiza for nutrient acquisition. Mycorrhizal colonization and extramatrical hyphal length increase, while root physiological activity declines.
A study published in PLOS One found that mouth taping carries serious health risks, particularly among individuals with sleep-disordered breathing and obstructive sleep apnea. The trend, popularized by social media influencers, can worsen existing respiratory issues and increase the risk of suffocation.
Researchers developed organoids from Egyptian fruit bats' respiratory and intestinal tissue, showcasing a significantly higher baseline antiviral immune activity. These organoids demonstrated an exceptionally strong production of type III interferons, which played a crucial role in mucosal antiviral immunity.
Derek Leben's book 'AI Fairness' offers a philosophical framework to evaluate and mitigate biases in AI algorithms. The author argues that principles like autonomy, equal treatment, and equal impact should guide the design of fair AI systems.
Researchers review clinical and scientific advances combining radiation therapy with immunotherapy to strengthen the immune response and improve disease control. The approach may offer new treatment options for patients facing hard-to-treat forms of bladder cancer.
A study of over 4 million IT job applications reveals that less profitable companies are 22% less likely to interview female applicants after implementing extended paid leave mandates. The research highlights the need for thoughtful policy design that includes cost-sharing mechanisms, gender-neutral benefits and anti-bias safeguards.
A new study reveals that deeply subducted carbonates can cause significant variations in Earth's mantle redox states, influencing diamond formation and craton evolution. This process shapes continent and diamond characteristics, with different mantle environments producing distinct redox signatures.
A systematic review of studies found that policies improving paid parental leave, employment access, housing stability, and income support are associated with lower rates of depression. Conversely, cuts to social welfare and financial insecurity increase depression risk, particularly among single parents and low-income households.
A new study from UC Berkeley reveals that the depth of small grooves on the brain's surface is correlated with increased connectivity between regions involved in reasoning. The researchers found that these tertiary sulci, unique to humans, may help explain individual differences in cognitive performance and serve as diagnostic indicato...
Children of people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder have a higher risk of developing psychopathology compared to those without these conditions. The study highlights factors that mitigate this risk, such as better parental psychosocial functioning and socioeconomic status.
Researchers have identified a four-amino-acid mini-exon in the PTPδ gene that plays a critical role in brain development and behavior. The study found that deleting this mini-exon led to anxiety-like behavior and reduced movement in mice, highlighting its essential role in maintaining synaptic balance.
Rajeev Varshney, a Murdoch University professor, has been elected as a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science. He is recognized for his groundbreaking work in genomics, genetics, and pre-breeding, helping to secure food production in the face of climate change.
Researchers used yeast populations to measure evolutionary potential to adapt to future warming in real-time, highlighting species-specific responses. Different species employed distinct strategies to cope with heat, with some expanding temperature ranges and others reducing fitness.
A systematic review found that positive expressive writing interventions improve psychological wellbeing, including measures of happiness and life satisfaction, but effects on physical health vary across individuals and intervention types.
Researchers have developed an image-analysis tool called SeaSplat that cuts through the ocean's optical effects and generates images of underwater environments with accurate colors. The team paired SeaSplat with a computational model to convert images into three-dimensional underwater worlds, allowing for virtual exploration.
Researchers have developed a material that can collect moisture from the air and release it onto surfaces without external energy input. The material works through capillary condensation, where water vapor condenses inside tiny pores at lower humidity levels, creating a feedback loop of water harvesting.
A team of astronomers observed a rare cosmic collision where one galaxy is pierced by intense radiation from a quasar, leading to the disruption of stellar nurseries. The study used ALMA and ESO's VLT telescopes to reveal the effects of this radiation on the internal structure of the gas in the regular galaxy.
Researchers at SwRI designed netting systems to deliver antimalarial drugs called Endochin-like Quinolones (ELQs) that destroy Plasmodium parasites transmitted by mosquitoes. The findings, published in Nature, show that the two ELQs kill parasites developing within the mosquito, potentially eliminating resistance.
Researchers have successfully synthesized high-performance materials using high pressure, including superhard and superconducting materials. The article highlights the potential of high-pressure chemistry for discovering new materials and phases, despite challenges remaining in terms of experimental costs and equipment operation.
A new strategy for screening anxiety and depression in epilepsy patients has shown a significant increase in screening rates from 12.6% to 29.2% using an electronic health record-based approach. The study found that younger patients and white patients were more likely to complete the screeners.
A UCLA study found that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can significantly enhance the ability of T cells to fight cancer and suppress tumor growth across various cancer types in mouse and human tumor models. SSRIs increased access to serotonin signals, making killer T cells happier and more effective at killing cancer c...
Scientists have identified a brain molecule called NEAT1 that appears to play a central role in triggering light sensitivity (photophobia) during migraines. By disrupting the normal balance of nerve signaling and pain regulation, NEAT1 makes nerves more sensitive to light.
The PREVENT calculator improved estimates of heart attack risk when combined with coronary calcium score. Researchers analyzed nearly 7,000 adults and found that the PREVENT score matched the level of calcium buildup according to the CAC score.
The COSMOS-H research facility at KIT allows for detailed investigation of complex heat transfer processes and flow phenomena under realistic high-pressure conditions. Researchers can recreate exact conditions found in real thermal power plants, enabling the development of safer and more efficient energy systems.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology have developed Pixel-Based Local Sound OLED technology, allowing each pixel to emit different sounds. This breakthrough enables truly localized sound experiences in displays, enhancing realism and immersion.
A new optimization approach for fuel breaks in Alberta, Canada's fire-prone landscapes can effectively reduce potential risks and impacts of forest fires. By accounting for uncertain wildfire behavior, this method helps compartmentalize a fire-prone forest landscape.
A new prediction model developed by researchers at the University of Gothenburg has been found to accurately assess the risk of severe birth injuries during childbirth. The study's findings suggest that larger babies are the main risk factor for these injuries, and previous obstetric anal sphincter injuries also play a significant role.
A study by Ludwig Princeton's Asael Roichman and Joshua Rabinowitz found that diet can alter cancer treatment outcomes, with certain plant-based foods influencing gut bacteria to clear PI3K inhibitors more quickly.
Researchers develop a new offline reinforcement learning algorithm that incorporates causal structure into the environment model. The proposed method, FOCUS, achieves superior performance compared to existing causal model-based reinforcement learning algorithms in the offline setting.
Researchers found PFAS in 95% of tested beers, with highest levels and most diverse mix near the Cape Fear River Basin in North Carolina. The study highlights the need for water treatment upgrades at brewing facilities as regulations on PFAS exposure change.
Research highlights the challenges of assessing inter-limb asymmetries, emphasizing the importance of task specificity, data quality, temporal trends, and context. A decision-making framework guides practitioners in interpreting asymmetries effectively.
Triboelectric and piezoelectric nanogenerators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, enhancing robotic autonomy and efficiency. The technology has the potential to reshape future robotic capabilities, particularly in industrial automation, healthcare, and smart home applications.
A decline in sedentary behavior among US adults occurred between 2013 and March 2020, however the trend was reversed from 2021-2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic's exacerbation of inactive lifestyles
Researchers have developed a technique to create spin in liquid droplets using ultrasound waves, concentrating solid particles suspended in the liquid. This allows for the creation of novel technologies for biomedical applications and research on rotating systems.
KAIST and Mainz researchers have predicted a 3D magnon Hall effect, demonstrating the ability of magnons to move freely and complexly in 3D space. This breakthrough could lead to novel functionalities in next-generation computing structures.
Researchers have created a versatile set of gene delivery systems that can reach different neural cell types in the human brain and spinal cord with exceptional accuracy. The new platform has the potential to transform how scientists study neural circuits, providing access to specific cells and communication pathways known to be affect...
A new reinforcement learning framework, clustered reinforcement learning (CRL), is proposed to guide agents in exploring environments with large state spaces or sparse rewards. By dividing states into clusters based on novelty and quality, CRL enhances exploration efficiency.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new CRISPR technology called CRISPR-TO that can transport RNA molecules to specific locations within neurons, enabling repair and regeneration. The technology has shown promising results in increasing neurite growth by up to 50% in mouse brain neurons.
The Mayo Clinic has established the world's first biobank of human salivary gland tissue-organoids, which can help researchers find a cure for chronic dry mouth. The biobank contains specimens from 208 donors and has already identified biomarkers for mature, saliva-producing cells.
Researchers found that insulin signaling changes affect both Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy in animal tests. This discovery confirms clinical evidence of increased risk of Alzheimer's in people with epilepsy and highlights the need for a broader therapeutic approach to address the complex nature of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers use ALMA to observe J0107a, a 'monster' galaxy 11.1 billion years ago. They find similarities with modern galaxies in gas distribution and motion, but higher concentrations and faster gas flow rates.
Researchers from the University of Cincinnati have engineered bacteria to deliver antiviral therapies and vaccines orally, bypassing traditional methods. The engineered bacteria use outer-membrane vesicles as self-propelled delivery vehicles, targeting mucosal surfaces to provide mucosal immunity.
A new study of diffuse dwarf galaxies has revealed an exceptionally strong clustering pattern, contradicting the established understanding of galaxy clustering. The researchers propose a new model of dark matter based on the Self-Interacting Dark Matter (SIDM) theory.
Scientists have discovered new forms of selenium that can be molded into various structures without altering their composition. This breakthrough could lead to the design of customized electronic devices using only a single element.
Researchers discover Hand2 gene plays key role in providing positional information for limb regeneration in axolotls. The discovery provides new insights into how cells 'remember' their position and switch on signals to regenerate structures correctly.
A new study reveals that body lotion hinders the generation of key hydroxyl radical precursors, while ethanol in fragrances acts as a sink, reducing the human oxidation field. This finding has significant implications for indoor air chemistry and human health.
Clownfish have been shown to shrink in response to heat stress and social conflict, increasing their survival chances by up to 78%. The study also reveals that coordination with breeding partners is crucial for surviving heatwaves when shrinking.
A new study by ECU Masters student Tee-Jay Scott and Professor Joanne Dickson found that acute stress may impair key brain functions involved in managing emotions, particularly in people living with depression, anxiety, and borderline personality disorder. The researchers suggest that these disruptions could undermine the effectiveness...
While digital and artificial intelligence-based pathology (DAIP) offers improved diagnostic accuracy and equity, its implementation is hindered by financial constraints, technical challenges, and legal/ethical concerns. A balanced assessment of the benefits and pitfalls must be conducted before adopting DAIP.
Researchers at Rutgers University have discovered a new class of materials called intercrystals, which exhibit newly discovered forms of electronic properties. These unique properties could pave the way for advancements in more efficient electronic components, quantum computing, and environmentally friendly materials.
A research team successfully observes single-molecule spectroscopy of hydrogen and deuterium molecules in a picocavity. They discover an isotope-dependent effect on vibrational modes, which cannot be captured by conventional methods.
Cellular senescence drives aging with metabolic signatures including altered lipid, amino acid, and nucleotide metabolism. Metabolic interventions like NAD+ supplementation and caloric restriction show promise in extending lifespan and improving metabolic health.
Researchers have discovered that hydrogen boride nanosheets can inactivate a wide range of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, without the need for light activation. The nanosheets' ability to denature microbial proteins through strong physicochemical interactions confirms their effectiveness in combating various microbi...
Experts uncover biological secrets of Leonardo da Vinci through 30 years of genealogical research, revealing genetic continuity of the Da Vinci male line since the 15th generation. The study also confirms the existence of a Da Vinci family tomb and analyzes DNA samples from six living descendants.
Research in rats suggests that Arbutus unedo extract can prevent changes in the colon's lining and reduce colonic lesions. The treatment also caused decreased expression of proteins promoting oxidative stress and inflammation.
The Cleveland Clinic has been awarded a $5 million grant from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation to continue its role as the Biorepository Coordinating Center for the Cystic Fibrosis Lung Transplant Consortium until 2030. The center will support research to improve understanding of factors affecting lung transplant outcomes and advance kno...
Research from the Medical University of Vienna found a connection between altered inflammatory markers, intestinal barrier disturbances, and post-viral fatigue in PCS patients. The study suggests that monitoring gastrointestinal symptoms and biomarkers could help identify at-risk patients and develop targeted treatment strategies.
A new study uses AI to analyze surgical videos of manual small incision cataract surgery (SICS) with over 85% accuracy, enabling quantitative comparison between surgeons and feedback on critical steps. The 'SICS-155 Challenge' invites international teams to test their algorithms for phase recognition in 155 SICS operations.
Researchers have uncovered the mechanism by which ATP enters the endoplasmic reticulum, a process crucial for cellular function. The study reveals SLC35B1 as the key transporter protein, providing a promising target for therapeutic intervention.
A new two-layer active balancing strategy improves energy transfer efficiency and speed by redistributing energy among cells. The layered structure integrates inductor and transformer circuits to balance both within and between battery cell groups, achieving faster equalization and increased energy efficiency.
University of Missouri researchers create digital sentiment map using AI to analyze public Instagram posts, linking emotional tone to real-life features. The tool aims to improve city services, identify areas of concern, and inform emergency response decisions.
Researchers introduce a novel framework named Laser, integrating LLMs into recommender systems to enhance sample efficiency. The framework uses LLMs to understand user preferences and generate features, improving performance with smaller datasets.
A new study projects that climate change will cause bowhead whale habitats to contract by up to 75% due to sea ice loss. The Arctic's suitable summer foraging habitat is expected to decline significantly, with viable habitat in the Sea of Okhotsk likely to vanish entirely by 2060.
Scientists develop high-quality (Ga,Fe)Sb ferromagnetic semiconductor with a record-high Curie temperature of up to 530 K, exceeding previous limits and enabling stable operation at room temperature. The material exhibits excellent crystallinity and superior magnetic properties, making it suitable for spintronics applications.
A new study reveals climate change is affecting wine regions globally, but unevenly. European winegrowers face the most significant challenges, with rising heat extremes and faster-ripening grapes altering wine taste. The study provides insights into adapting to these changes by identifying regions changing fastest due to warming.
The UChicago team created a breakthrough device that captures molecules in the breath to aid medical care for conditions like diabetes and newborn development. The portable technology enables open-air point-of-care detection of airborne biomarkers.
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center has been awarded $21.4 million by CPRIT to support cancer research efforts and faculty recruitment. The institution is grateful for the continued funding, which will help advance future potential breakthroughs in cancer treatment.
CoVFit integrates molecular data with large-scale epidemiological data to predict the fitness of SARS-CoV-2 variants. The model was trained on mutations in the spike protein and population-level trends, enabling accurate predictions of variant fitness.
A new study by researchers from Cambridge Judge Business School found that CivicaScript's HCU model can reliably supply essential generic medicines at a price that saves patients over 64% and public and private insurers over 92%. The model aims to make generic drugs accessible and affordable for all.
Researchers have identified a mechanism involving potassium channels that could provide a new approach to treating depression. The study, led by Dr. James Murrough, found that ezogabine improved depression symptoms and anhedonia in patients, normalizing brain activity in key regions.
A group of national scientists filed a complaint with the National Institutes of Health's Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare requesting an investigation into a study on the effects of ginger root extract on pain in rats that resulted in the deaths of 100 animals. The researchers claimed to assess 'emotional pain' by interpreting vocal...
Researchers from MIT and SMART extended fresh-cut crops' shelf life by four days at room temperature and 10 days when refrigerated using melatonin-filled microneedles. This technology could reduce global food waste, providing an alternative to refrigeration for regions with limited infrastructure.
The Carbon Hub brings together scientists, industry leaders, and policymakers to reimagine hydrocarbons as sources of clean hydrogen and advanced carbon materials. This process could address energy access, emissions, and unsustainable material usage, potentially avoiding gigatons of CO2.
Children's cereals contain high levels of added sugar, exceeding 45% of the American Heart Association's daily recommended limit. Notable increases in fat, sodium, and sugar have been observed alongside decreases in protein and fiber, suggesting a prioritization of taste over nutritional quality.
Researchers find over 500 dense star-forming cores with possible protoplanetary disks in the Milky Way's Central Molecular Zone. Dual-band observations reveal unexpected spectral reddening, suggesting the presence of these early stages of solar system formation.
The study highlights a substantial growing burden of skin cancer among older adults, particularly males living in high-socioeconomic countries. Effective prevention and management strategies are urgently needed to address this issue.
A team of researchers from the University of Arizona College of Medicine - Tucson has identified a potential drug candidate for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The study, published in Cell Metabolism, found that a key ingredient triggering HFpEF is an enzyme that converts glucose into harmful byproducts, ultimat...
A study published in Nature reveals that cysteine depletion disrupts metabolic pathways, forcing cells to rapidly burn fat stores. The research also highlights the role of coenzyme A (CoA) in shaping metabolism and provides insights into potential future obesity solutions.
ARMC5 plays a critical role in regulating cellular processes, including tumor suppression, endocrine disorders, and immune modulation. Its ubiquitously expressed across human tissues, but germline and somatic mutations disrupt its functions.
Researchers at UChicago's Catalyst Design for Decarbonization Center developed a new computational tool that predicts stable metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for efficient energy storage and catalysis. The tool uses thermodynamic integration to calculate MOF stability, enabling the rapid discovery of promising materials.
Researchers developed a technique to analyze DNA methylation marks, identifying changes in blood production that occur with age. By age 50, many blood stem cells begin to drop out and larger clones take over, leading to a decline in diversity and resilience.
Researchers use NASA's James Webb Space Telescope to investigate a protoplanetary disk around a young star in the Lobster Nebula. They found sufficient solid material to potentially form at least 10 rocky planets and detected various molecules that contribute to planetary atmospheres.
More than half of US workers report significant stress due to job insecurity, with 54% saying it impacts their work life. Government policy changes and economic concerns exacerbate workplace stress, affecting employees' mental health and overall well-being.
A 1,200-tonne boulder in Tonga is one of the largest known wave-transported rocks, providing new insights into past tsunamis. Numerical modelling suggests tsunami heights of 50m lasting 90 seconds dislodged the boulder from its cliff-edge origin.
Researchers developed a room-temperature THz detector that offers high sensitivity, fast response, and scalability for large-scale arrays. The use of a two-dimensional electron gas channel enables non-equilibrium carriers to travel faster and more efficiently, broadening the THz response range.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory have developed nano-engineered thermoelectric refrigeration technology with controlled hierarchically engineered superlattice structures (CHESS) that is twice as efficient as traditional bulk materials. The CHESS technology offers a scalable alternative to traditional c...
Researchers have developed a comprehensive system to identify the diversity of reef-building corals using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. This new method successfully detects 83 of 85 genera of Scleractinia in Japan, providing a powerful tool for efficient monitoring and conservation of coral reefs.
The Global Virus Network strongly supports the World Health Organization's newly adopted Pandemic Preparedness Accord, which establishes a more coordinated and transparent global framework for pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response. The accord reaffirms priorities on sustained investment in global surveillance, rapid data shar...
A new study reveals that Aspergillus fumigatus infection can unbalance the lungs by creating a microaerophilic niche for bacteria like Ligilactobacillus murinus. This interaction may influence disease progression and enable new treatment approaches, highlighting the importance of understanding the gut-lung axis.
Researchers at Istanbul Galata University studied the history and architecture of Derinkuyu's ancient underground city to recreate its soundscape. The project aims to provide valuable information for scholars and inspire the design of future underground urban spaces.
A new study found that intensive blood pressure reduction had similar outcomes across educational attainment levels, but high-educated individuals experienced greater cardiovascular risk reductions. The research analyzed data from the SPRINT trial and suggested that unmeasured social factors may play a role in heart health disparities.
Scientists at Linköping University have made a significant breakthrough in creating controllable flat optics using nanostructures on a flat surface. By precisely controlling the distance between antennas, they achieved up to tenfold improvement in performance, opening up new avenues for applications such as video holograms and biomedic...
New research reveals that recreational cannabis legalization leads to significant reductions in prescription drug claims per enrollee, with annual savings of $34-$42 in small group insurance markets. However, the study found no similar effect in large group insurance markets.
Researchers successfully created over 1000 new biological tools, known as enhancer AAV vectors, that can target specific brain cell types. These tools offer unprecedented access to brain cells and hold promise for targeted gene therapies to correct genetic defects in specific cells contributing to disease.
Researchers discovered a novel mode of contact between somatic and germ cells in the ovaries of two arthropod species, challenging the general understanding of epithelial layer function. The basement membrane, typically a barrier, is penetrated by follicle cells to establish direct contact with oocytes.
A cohort study of over 11,000 children and adolescents found a significant association between increased social media use and greater depressive symptoms. Clinicians are advised to provide guidance on social media use for young adolescents and their parents.
The FAITAVI trial found that FFR-guided PCI reduced major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events at 12-month follow-up in patients with intermediate coronary artery disease undergoing TAVI. FFR-guided PCI was associated with lower rates of all-cause death and ischaemia-driven target vessel revascularisation.
Researchers from The University of Osaka observed a rare phenomenon where lightning discharges accelerated electrons to near light speed, producing a gamma-ray flash. This study contributes critical data to understanding the mechanism behind these intense radiation bursts and their potential role in shaping Earth's atmosphere.
A study from Imperial College London and Coventry University found that older adults with positive self-perceptions about ageing are less likely to experience physical problems after a fall. They were also more likely to physically recover in the months following a fall.
Scientists have found that oceanic anaerobic respiration produces sulfur species, forming pyrite or 'fool's gold', which helps buffer the alkalinity of water and prevent acidification. This process has a stabilizing effect on the ocean, playing a significant role in preserving its alkalinity for millions of years.
OneCareAI applies AI and supercomputing to detect early stroke risk from ECG data obtained with smartwatches, offering a non-invasive solution for personalized risk assessments. The technology has the potential to be extended to other cardiovascular diseases, opening opportunities for scalability.