A new study at Rhode Island Hospital investigated the chronic effects of smoke inhalation on 21 Station fire survivors and found that non-smokers were more severely affected. The study used high-resolution computed tomography to measure air-trapping in the lungs, which increased with severity and was significantly higher in non-smokers.
A new study found that less than a quarter of US child and adolescent psychiatrists screen for dating violence, despite its common occurrence among teens. The authors emphasize the importance of clinicians taking the lead in discussing romantic relationships to identify potential abuse.
A new study by Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University found that adolescents with psychiatric disorders were less likely to use condoms consistently if they felt stressed or anxious about it. Helping teens manage their emotions may be crucial in preventing HIV and other STIs.
A study found a link between children's and parents' sleep problems, with mothers more susceptible to daytime sleepiness due to their greater responsibility for responding to child sleep issues at night. Parents need to recognize that their children's sleep disorders can take a toll on them, affecting quality of life.
Inadequate treatment of mental illness and addiction in the community contributes to rising incarceration rates. Effective therapy like mental health services and substance abuse programs can reduce recidivism. Physicians are urged to campaign for humane treatment alternatives.
Researchers at Bradley Hospital and Brown Medical School found that individuals with BDD who have weight concerns experience more overall areas of body image concern, poorer social functioning, and higher levels of comorbidity. Weight-related preoccupations in BDD sufferers are associated with even higher levels of distress and impairm...
A new study suggests that skipping breakfast and consuming frequent fast food lead to an increased risk of weight gain in adolescents as they enter adulthood. Researchers analyzed data from over 20,000 teens and found a significant increase in both behaviors and associated weight gain during this critical period.
A landmark study found that inpatient length of stay for youth with mental illness decreased by over 60% between 1990 and 2000, despite increases in illness severity and self-harm. The average length of hospitalization for youth undergoing mental health treatment declined from 12.2 days to 4.5 days during this period.
Competitive surfers experience a relatively low risk of injury, but more than double the risk in large waves or over hard bottoms. Common injuries include sprains and strains to the knees.
Two studies by Rhode Island Hospital confirm the safety and efficacy of drug-eluting stents in patients with heart disease. The studies found that DES are as safe as bare metal stents, with lower rates of repeat procedures and mortality rates comparable to BMS.
Researchers found that adolescents with a history of arrest were more likely to engage in unprotected sex acts and use substances during sex. This increased risk was attributed to higher rates of substance abuse, mental health issues, and unfavorable attitudes towards risky behavior.
Researchers at The Miriam Hospital are developing a new vaccination delivery strategy for teens, aiming to prevent Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and other sexually transmitted diseases. The Boston Celtics Shamrock Foundation has provided $25,000 in funding to explore effective vaccine distribution methods among high-risk adolescents.
A novel estrogen receptor, GPR30, is linked to breast tumor progression and increased tumor size. The receptor's expression was positively associated with tumor size and metastatic disease, suggesting it could influence treatment decisions for hormone therapy.
A new study by The Miriam Hospital and Brown Medical School found that daily weighing and taking quick action when needed can significantly help dieters maintain weight loss. Participants who weighed themselves daily had an 82% reduction in the odds of regaining five or more pounds compared to those who did not weigh daily.
A new study from the Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center and Brown Medical School reveals that African American adolescents with depressive symptoms are at a higher risk of engaging in risky sexual behavior. The study concludes that assessing depressive symptoms can help prevent future emotional disorders and HIV/STI transmission...
Researchers discovered that teens have similar numbers of unprotected sex acts with both casual and main partners, despite using condoms more often with casual partners. This highlights the importance of targeting adolescents' attitudes towards casual sexual partners in HIV intervention programs.
A recent study found that a moderate dose of alcohol consumed by young women an hour before bed is associated with increased sleep intensity. The study also showed a decrease in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and a slight increase in deep sleep, as well as signs of increased sleep intensity during non-REM sleep.
A recent study found that acid exposure triggers an enzyme, NOX5-S, leading to increased hydrogen peroxide production and DNA damage in cells. This process may contribute to the development of esophageal cancer.
A study by researchers at The Miriam Hospital and University of North Carolina found that both computerized and human feedback were effective in short-term weight loss. Participants who received automated counseling lost an average of 8-10 pounds, with 34% achieving a clinically meaningful weight loss.
A study by researchers at The Miriam Hospital and Brown Medical School found that breast cancer survivors who believed an unhealthy behavior contributed to their cancer were more likely to modify that behavior. The most robust relationship was found for changes in diet.
Researchers found that young teens see pregnancy as an opportunity to enhance relationships, but also express concerns about the impact on their education, finances, and overall well-being. The study highlights the need for tailored intervention strategies to address teen-pregnancy prevention.
Researchers at Rhode Island Hospital are awarded a $665,000 NIH grant to investigate the link between H. pylori bacteria and stomach cancer. The goal is to prevent gastric cancer by identifying a cause that can be prevented.
Researchers have discovered a gene, matrilin-3, that prevents the onset of osteoarthritis in adult mice. The study reveals a correlation between matrilin-3 and osteoarthritis, suggesting potential diagnostic and predictive uses. Matrilin-3 plays a role in early bone development and controls bone mineral density in adulthood.
Individuals who maintain a normal weight without a history of obesity exhibit consistent behaviors, such as limiting fast food consumption and sustaining high levels of physical activity. In contrast, those who struggle to maintain their weight report a lack of consistency in their lifestyle habits.
Researchers found combining thermal ablation with radiation therapy increases median survival rate to 42 months in non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Recurrence rates were lower, with 24% of patients experiencing recurrence at 44 months.
A recent study found that individuals maintaining weight loss reported consuming more fat and fewer carbohydrates. Despite this shift, participants who maintained a low-calorie diet with moderate fat intake remained successful in weight loss maintenance.
Researchers identified distinct patterns of risk behavior among adolescent boys and girls, highlighting the need for targeted HIV prevention programs tailored to specific risk profiles. The study found that some high-risk adolescents have co-occurring mental health crises, substance abuse, and unsafe sex practices.
The HPV vaccine protects against two types of HPV responsible for 70% of cervical cancer cases. Targeted school-based vaccination clinics are proposed as an effective strategy to reach at-risk African American females.
Researchers assessed body image concerns in adolescents and found that 1/3 had problematic body image issues. These patients had higher levels of depression, anxiety, and suicidality compared to those without body image concerns.
A new artificial preservative has increased the storage period of blood platelets to 7 days, reducing the need for frequent transfusions and lowering the risk of adverse reactions. This innovation could have significant global implications for patients in critical need of platelet transfusions.
Recently reported cases of rodent virus transmission through organ donation highlight the need for a tracking system. Physicians should be vigilant in identifying clusters of symptoms following transplantation, as early detection can prevent further transmissions.
A study found that incarcerated women are 14 times more likely to start using birth control when it's offered in prison. This suggests that easy access to contraceptives can empower women and prevent high-risk pregnancies. Despite this, barriers remain, including lack of insurance and housing after release.
A group intervention program has been shown to improve the psychological and emotional well-being of young siblings with chronic illness or developmental disabilities. The program increased their knowledge of their sibling's condition, feelings of connectedness, and competence.
Researchers found that insulin depletion in the brain triggers neurodegeneration, cognitive decline, and oxidative stress, leading to Alzheimer's symptoms. The study provides evidence for impaired insulin signaling as a key factor in Alzheimer's disease progression.
Home health care nurses using motivational enhancement counseling techniques significantly improved smoking cessation rates compared to standard care. Patients in the motivational enhancement group were more likely to quit and had lower cigarette consumption, highlighting the potential of this approach to promote public health.
A study found that older teens who participated in adventure therapy based on Outward Bound lost more weight and maintained it longer than those in an aerobics program. The authors suggest that peer support is a key factor in the success of adventure therapy.
A study found that higher levels of self-esteem and problem-solving beliefs in urban, school-aged children with asthma helped counteract the negative effects of asthma and urban living. These factors were associated with fewer school absences, more participation in activities, and less missed sleep.
A new study suggests that a vaginal gel containing the antiretroviral drug tenofovir may be effective in preventing HIV transmission in women. The gel produced mild or no side effects in both HIV-positive and negative women, but further studies are needed to evaluate its effectiveness.
A new urine test, BladderChek, detected nearly all recurrences of bladder cancers with a higher accuracy rate than conventional tests. The test, used in conjunction with a diagnostic scope, detected 99 percent of recurring bladder cancers.
Researchers found that mothers with high stress levels perceived their babies as more challenging, affecting parenting behaviors and infant development. Cocaine-exposed infants showed lower socioeconomic status, increased reactivity to stimuli, and higher maternal stress.
Researchers in antidepressant studies focus on symptoms to gauge remission, while patients prioritize factors like positive mental health and return to usual functioning. Studies suggest that patients consider multiple factors beyond symptom disappearance to determine remission from depression.
A recent study by Bradley Hospital found that up to twenty percent of adolescents on psychiatric units may be manic-depressive. The study used a mania rating scale and found that these patients were more suicidal and aggressive than those admitted for depression alone.
Researchers found that as Alzheimer's disease progresses, insulin receptors and the brain's ability to respond to insulin decrease. Insulin levels decline early on, leading to cell death and tangles in the brain.
A recent study published in the journal Sleep found that preschool-aged children are getting significantly less sleep than the recommended amount, with only 8.7 hours of sleep per night and less than 9.5 hours including naps. The research suggests that this may have serious implications for their physical and cognitive development.
Adolescents' internal sleep pressure builds up more slowly than children's, contributing to an overall shift in teen sleep cycles. This slower build-up may prepare teenagers for adult lifestyles and prolonged waking periods.
The new guidelines aim to improve psychiatric evaluation, screening, and treatment for juvenile offenders. They recommend educating clinicians on unique system issues and refer juveniles with mental health or substance abuse disorders for systematic evaluation and treatment.
A study found that teenage boys who believe they might get someone pregnant, regardless of their intentions, are more likely to engage in unprotected sex. Healthcare providers should initiate conversations with adolescent males about reproductive issues, particularly those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.
Researchers developed a simple test to quantify loss of lubrication after knee injury, which has important implications for preventing osteoarthritis. The study found that lubricin completely disappeared from rabbits in three weeks and greater friction was observed in patients with injured knees.
A home-based physical activity program increased physical activity levels and improved fitness among breast cancer survivors. Participants reported reduced fatigue, increased vigor, and improved body image after 12 weeks of counseling via weekly phone calls and mail-delivered tip sheets.
Infants at medical risk, such as premature babies or those exposed to lead or drugs, exhibit distinct cry patterns that may indicate neurological problems. Cry analysis, supported by previous studies, can help identify undetected damage in high-risk infants.