Researchers created a laboratory model to study Alzheimer's disease mechanisms at the molecular level. The model found that amyloid beta peptides cause a 'leaky' membrane, disrupting normal impulse transmission and leading to cell toxicity.
Researchers at NIST have identified a small biomolecule that binds specifically to hydroxyapatite, the key crystal structure of teeth and bones. This new peptide can be used as a nondestructive tag to monitor bone and tooth mineralization.
Scientists at NIST have confirmed that EUV photoresist sensitivity is twice the previously believed value. The finding raises concerns about optical system effectiveness in current demonstration tools. This discovery has significant implications for high-volume manufacturing processes in development.
Researchers at NIST created a method to build complex 3D nanoscale structures of magnetic materials like nickel using standard semiconductor manufacturing techniques. The technique enables the creation of sensors and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) with magnetic alloys.
Researchers discovered a novel structure that enables oxygen ions to move through fuel cells at lower temperatures than previously thought possible. This breakthrough may lead to reduced operating costs and improved efficiency in stationary fuel cells.
Researchers at NIST have uncovered an unusual phenomenon that may impact how manufacturers estimate the lifetime of future nanoscale electronics. The 'electron trapping' effect causes a temporary negative charge and heightened conductivity during recovery from stress, complicating threshold voltage shift measurements.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed the first two standards for solid-state lighting in the US, detailing color specifications and test methods for LED lamps and light fixtures. These standards aim to significantly reduce energy consumption and improve color rendering.
Researchers at NIST and NIH have demonstrated proof of principle for a new approach to MRI using customized microscopic magnets that can be injected into the body. These 'smart tags' can identify particular cells, tissues, or physiological conditions by emitting specific optical colors.
Chemists at NIST have developed the first detailed chemical analysis of crude oil made from pig manure, revealing that it contains over 83 major compounds and requires significant refining to produce viable fuel. The study shows that the oil's high water content and presence of heavy metals make it unfavorable for use in vehicles.
Researchers at NIST and Cornell University developed a novel fabrication method called nanoglassblowing to create nanofluidic devices that can isolate single molecules in solution. The technique produces devices with funnels and tapered nanochannels, showing advantages over traditional planar channels.
Researchers at NIST have developed a microwave-assisted two-stage process to produce water-soluble quantum dots with improved stability and brightness. The new method avoids a problematic step in conventional approaches, resulting in higher-quality dots.
The new ASTM International standard assesses robot visual capability to determine if it can provide clear, easily interpretable images to operators and emergency planners. The test methods measure field of view, far- and near-vision acuity in various lighting conditions.
Researchers produce 'quantum images' pairs of information-rich patterns whose features are entangled by quantum physics, offering improved detection and amplification of light beams. The technique may also enable storing data in quantum computers and transmitting encrypted information.
Researchers at NIST have built a system that measures temperatures with precision, which may help update the definition of the Kelvin. The system uses electrical noise to measure temperatures with accuracy and is simpler than other systems, making it ideal for industrial thermometry labs.
A new study by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) investigated the dietary accumulation, elimination, and toxicity of fluorescent quantum dots in a simplified food chain. The researchers found that while the nanomaterials were transferred across the food chain, they did not accumulate in higher organisms.
NIST researchers have discovered that a single layer of molecular 'salve' can significantly reduce surface stress, which is crucial for applications like chemical and biological sensors. The 'salve' reduces stress by allowing atoms to adopt the molecules into their family, resulting in a more stable and tension-free surface.
Researchers have created a unique internet facility called Open Ontology Repository (OOR) to store diverse collections of concepts and facilitate complex systems in various sectors. OOR will support advanced logic systems and save time and money in manufacturing control, supply chain management, and biomedical management.
Researchers at NIST discovered iron-based superconductors with magnetism similar to copper-oxide materials. These similarities suggest a critical interplay between magnetism and superconductivity in high-temperature superconductors.
Researchers at NIST have confirmed that underground tunnels can have a frequency 'sweet spot' where signals travel several times farther than at other frequencies. The optimal frequency depends on tunnel dimensions, with a typical subway-sized tunnel finding its sweet spot in the 400 MHz to 1 GHz range.
A team of scientists found that intrinsic disorder in relaxor crystals leads to their extreme sensitivity to mechanical pressure or voltage. This property makes them useful for applications such as medical ultrasound imaging, loudspeakers, sonar, and computer hard drives. The research was published in Nature Materials.
Researchers at NIST developed a new method to sort carbon nanotubes by length using high-speed centrifuges. This technique shows promise for scaling up production of high-quality nanotubes with specific lengths, crucial for various applications in electronics, medicine, and displays.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) for bitter orange, a compound used in herbal weight-loss products. Researchers can use these materials to develop and test analytical methods, as well as ensure the quality of their measurements.
Researchers at NIST have developed a new class of materials that can store relatively large quantities of hydrogen for later release. The material combines lithium amide with lightweight metal hydrides, resulting in improved hydrogen storage properties.
Scientists have developed a record-breaking ultrafast laser that can aid in the search for Earthlike planets. The new laser offers high speed, short pulses, and high average power, making it ideal for boosting the sensitivity of astronomical tools.
Researchers developed a novel 3-D screening method for analyzing cell-material interactions, cutting initial search times in half. The technique enables rapid assessment of biomaterials' biocompatibility and properties, with applications in tissue and organ repair.
Researchers at NIST have demonstrated that nanoimprint lithography can accurately stamp delicate insulating structures on advanced microchips without damaging them. The process also increases the population of small pores, improving performance and reducing the risk of short circuits.
Researchers at NIST and Max Planck Institute plan to measure the Rydberg constant with unprecedented accuracy by boosting an electron to a high-flying orbit. This could reveal anomalies in quantum electrodynamics and improve element identification in stars, environmental pollutants, and more.
Researchers at NIST have developed a new imaging system that detects naturally occurring terahertz radiation with high sensitivity and resolution. The technology enables rapid identification of chemical hazards and may aid in early tumor detection.
The new guide offers techniques for characterizing the purity of SWCNT samples using thermogravimetric analysis, near-infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and optical microscopy. These methods aim to improve production processes, reduce impurities, and enhance the confidence of buyers and sellers in the market.
Researchers at NIST developed a device that creates nanodroplets for studying individual proteins under conditions similar to those found in cells. This technique mimics the crowded environment of cells, allowing researchers to study protein dynamics and structural changes without interfering with or damaging the proteins.
Researchers have developed reliable methods to assess the concentration and viability of anthrax spores after prolonged storage using DNA analysis techniques. This study provides essential steps in developing a reliable reference standard for anthrax detection and decontamination.
Researchers at NIST have combined a transition-edge sensor with a microrefrigerator on a single microchip, achieving the first cooling of a fully functional detector. The combo chip offers the possibility of faster and cheaper precision analysis of materials like semiconductors and stardust.
A research team from NIST and University of Maryland successfully cooled erbium atoms to within two millionths of absolute zero using a novel trapping technique. This breakthrough enables the capture and manipulation of individual erbium atoms with unique optical properties.
The NIST EtherNet/IP Performance Test Tool helps manufacturers anticipate and mitigate cyclic jitters caused by machine timing irregularities. The tool provides detailed performance data under various conditions, allowing for more efficient tuning of equipment and improved production quality.
Researchers have discovered a potential solution to store raw hydrogen in a compact and efficient manner. MOF-74, a porous crystalline powder, can adsorb more hydrogen than any unpressurized framework structure studied to date at low temperatures.
Researchers at NIST tested two variations of fingerprint matching technology for PIV cards and found that one method, 'match-on-card', offers improved security without sacrificing speed. The technology uses the card's processor chip to verify fingerprints, eliminating the need to transmit biometric data wirelessly.
Researchers at NIST demonstrate assembly of a single layer of organic molecules on a silicon crystal substrate compatible with CMOS manufacturing technology. The team builds a working molecular electronic device and verifies its functionality, paving the way for hybrid CMOS-molecular devices.
Researchers used a NYC high-rise as a fire laboratory to study wind-driven flame, smoke, and gas spread through corridors and stairways. Positive pressure ventilation fans and prototype devices helped control deadly heat and smoke from wind-driven fires.
Scientists created pairs of entangled photons using a twisted optical fiber, demonstrating the 'spooky action at a distance' predicted by quantum theory. Their results rule out nonlocal hidden variables theories and confirm quantum mechanics' predictions.
Researchers at NIST create a system to compare photon travel times with sub-femtosecond accuracy, finding significant differences in time it takes photons to pass through materials with different refractive layer arrangements. This technique could provide empirical answers to long-standing puzzles about light's behavior in narrow gaps.
NIST researchers have improved manipulation of block copolymers, a crucial step in creating tiny dots that can be used as electronic components. They developed accurate measurements of thin film polymeric nanostructure and new insights on how to control self-assembly.
Researchers discovered that materials like silica behave as ductile as gold at the nanoscale due to surface atom dominance. Nanoparticle size and morphology affect ductility and tensile strength.
Scientists at NIST have created a synthetic cartilage replacement that can withstand hundreds of pounds of pressure and is pliable like gelatin. The double-network hydrogels' unique structure helps dissipate deformation energy, allowing them to endure large deformations without breaking apart.
Researchers have devised an experimental arrangement to mimic the behavior of electrons in Dirac's theory. The atoms will show Zitterbewegung, a never-before-seen motion, which could provide insight into electron behavior beyond observational scrutiny.
Researchers developed a new optical method to detect individual neutrons with improved efficiency, promising better measurements and new physics tests. The Lyman alpha neutron detector (LAND) has the potential to detect both single and large numbers of neutrons.
Researchers at NIST developed a new microscope design that tracks nanoparticles in solution as they move in three dimensions. This technology will help optimize nanoparticle assembly processes for better control and design of nanotech devices.
The NIST quantum logic clock uses an aluminum atom to apply computer logic to the quantum world, rivaling the mercury ion's accuracy and offering a new approach to measuring fundamental constants. The clocks were compared with record precision, allowing scientists to measure their relative frequencies to 17 digits.
Researchers developed an optical technique using 'frequency combs' to detect biomarkers for diseases like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The method simultaneously identifies tiny amounts of molecules in the breath with high precision.
Researchers have detected significant amounts of copper in zinc oxide nanowires, a discovery that could help understand and manipulate the nanowires' optical and electrical properties. The study found that the copper increases visible light output but decreases ultraviolet emission.
A simple surface treatment technique induces self-assembly of molecular crystals, improving performance and providing electrical isolation. This method enables the mass production of large arrays of organic electronic transistors on polymer sheets, opening up possibilities for flexible displays, intelligent paper, and biosensor arrays.