Researchers have identified a peptide called iRGD that specifically targets and penetrates cancerous tumors, delivering diagnostic particles and medicines. This breakthrough could improve cancer treatment and reduce side effects.
Researchers found that normal synaptic activity protects the brain from misfolded proteins associated with Huntington's disease, while excessive extrasynaptic activity enhances their deadly effects. Low doses of Memantine successfully treated Huntington's disease in a mouse model by preserving normal synaptic electrical activity.
A new mouse gene, Rps23r1, has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for reducing amyloid beta and tau levels in the brain. The gene triggers a signaling pathway that inhibits GSK-3, regulating protein generation and tangle formation. This finding offers new hope for treating Alzheimer's disease.
Scientists at Burnham Institute identified novel cleavage sites for the caspase-3 enzyme, revealing that it targets α-helices as well as unstructured loops. This discovery challenges current dogma and offers new insights into protein signaling pathways.
Researchers created a comprehensive model of the bacterium's central metabolic network, including protein structures and interactions. The study reveals essential protein shapes and connections to unique metabolites.
Researchers discovered that reactive oxygen species are necessary for invadopodia formation, allowing cancer cells to become metastatic. Inhibiting reactive oxygen reduces invadopodia formation and limits cancer cell invasion.
A study published in Aging Cell found that the conserved protein d4eBP protects heart function against aging, revealing a potential mechanism for cardiac aging. The research also sheds light on the TOR and FoxO signaling pathways, with implications for human heart health.
The study reveals that Fbox proteins alternate between attaching to and being kicked off CRL1 by competing protein CAND1. This process is stabilized by the phosphorylated substrate N8, allowing for efficient degradation of aberrant proteins. The research highlights the importance of the proline residue in Fbox protein-CRL1 interaction.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys have identified a key enzyme in bacteria that can be targeted to kill dangerous pathogens. Chemical compounds have been discovered to inhibit this enzyme, showing promise for developing new antibacterial agents.
A new mouse model reveals that hyaluronic acid plays a critical role in skeletal growth, chondrocyte maturation, and joint formation. The discovery opens possibilities for future research into age-related diseases such as arthritis and skin aging.
Burnham will partner with NCI and private-sector companies to translate basic research into new cancer treatments. The consortium aims to accelerate the development of innovative therapeutics for high-risk areas of cancer biology.
A team of researchers has identified phosphorylated signaling proteins in human embryonic stem cells, shedding light on the mechanisms that determine cell fate. The study's findings may lead to the development of new therapies by controlling stem cell differentiation.
Researchers at Burnham Institute for Medical Research discovered that the REDD1 protein is degraded under hypoxic conditions, enabling cells to rapidly restore mTOR signaling. This regulation mechanism plays a crucial role in cellular stress response and may be linked to tumor growth in cancer.
Researchers at Burnham Institute for Medical Research identified Caspase-8 as a key player in promoting cancer cell proliferation and migration. The study found that Caspase-8 activates the MAPK pathway through Src, leading to increased cell division and invasion.
Researchers discovered that certain carbohydrates on normal cells and enzymes like β3GnT1 function as tumor suppressors. Upregulation of β3GnT1 reduced tumor activity and metastasis in breast and prostate cancers. The study provides new insights into the role of complex carbohydrates in cancer.
Researchers discovered that microRNA miR29 suppresses HIV replication by transporting mRNA to processing-bodies where it is stored or destroyed, reducing viral infectivity. Inhibition of miR29 enhances viral replication and infectivity.
A new embryology study clarifies the role of retinoic acid in limb development and finds that it controls forelimb budding but not hindlimb patterning. The research may lead to new therapeutic measures for congenital limb defects such as Holt-Oram syndrome.
Researchers at the Burnham Institute developed a protocol to differentiate human embryonic stem cells into committed neural precursor cells, which can be used for transplantation. The C-NPCs were transplanted into mice and became active neurons without generating tumor outgrowth.
Scientists have developed a device that protects transplanted pancreatic precursor cells from the immune system, allowing them to mature into functional beta cells. This breakthrough approach could alleviate the need for long-term immunosuppression in cell transplantation therapy.
Researchers at Burnham Institute have developed a novel method to analyze the proteome of yeast, identifying 4,600 proteins. This breakthrough can lead to the discovery of new biomarkers for diseases and inform protein expression changes in response to stimuli.
Researchers found that beta-amyloid protein generates nitric oxide, which attacks and damages mitochondria in neurons. This damage leads to synaptic injury and eventual nerve cell death, contributing to Alzheimer's disease progression.
Researchers have discovered that the Shp2 protein plays a critical role in controlling the pathways that decide whether human and mouse embryonic stem cells differentiate or self-renew. The study found that Shp2 acts as a coordinator to fine-tune signal strength, providing insight into fundamental signaling mechanisms.
Researchers identified human monoclonal antibodies that bind to the stem of H5 type hemaglutinin, preventing viral entry into host cells. These antibodies offer potential cross-protection against various flu strains, including bird and seasonal influenza viruses.
Researchers have discovered a signaling pathway involved in normal pancreatic development is also associated with type 2 diabetes. The Wnt signaling pathway is up-regulated in insulin-producing cells of pancreases from adults with type 2 diabetes.
Researchers developed a search algorithm that integrated biological measurements and model simulations to identify optimal drug combinations. The study successfully identified effective treatments in two biological model systems, paving the way for personalized medicine.
Researchers at Burnham Institute have discovered that the protein kinase complex Cdc7/Dbf4 plays a crucial role in monitoring DNA damage control during replication and reinitiating replication after repair. This new understanding could lead to the development of new cancer therapies.
Scientists at Burnham Institute for Medical Research have determined the structure of protein interactions responsible for triggering apoptosis. The research reveals a particular arrangement of Fas receptor and FADD proteins that act as a control switch for cell death signaling.
The partnership aims to translate early research into new treatments for chronic spinal cord injuries, which currently leave patients with lifelong suffering. Dr. Evan Snyder and Dr. Mark Tuszynski will lead the effort to use stem cells to repair damaged neural cells in adults.
Researchers have identified a connection between fruit fly genetics and human heart disease, revealing that certain genes play a role in both embryonic and adult heart function. The study found TBX20 mutations in humans with structural congenital heart abnormalities and heart muscle dysfunction, suggesting its potential involvement in ...
Researchers at Burnham Institute have created a peptide that converts Bcl-2, a protein protecting cancer cells from programmed death, into a pro-apoptotic molecule. This breakthrough may lead to novel cancer therapies, as the peptide induces cell death in cancer cells.
Stuart A. Lipton will lead a center studying potential environmental causes of Parkinson's disease, examining chemical reactions that alter protein function and screening compounds to prevent disease progression. The center represents a collaborative effort between scientists at Burnham and other institutions.
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has awarded Burnham Institute for Medical Research a six-year, $97.9 million grant to establish one of four comprehensive small-molecule screening and discovery centers in the US. The new facility at Lake Nona will enable the center to screen more than 2 million chemical compounds per day.
Researchers at the Burnham Institute for Medical Research have found a direct link between neural stem cell development and Autism. Mice lacking the myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) protein showed smaller brains, fewer nerve cells, and behaviors similar to those seen in humans with Rett Syndrome.
Researchers have genetically programmed embryonic stem cells to become nerve cells when transplanted into the brain, resulting in tangible therapeutic improvement in mice with stroke. The new nerve cells integrate into the existing network and provide cognitive benefits.
Researchers at the Burnham Institute have demonstrated successful enzyme replacement therapy to prevent hypophosphatasia in mice, paving the way for future clinical trials. The treatment maintains healthy bone mineral density and preserves skeletal structures, offering new hope for patients with this genetic disorder.
Researchers discovered T-cadherin's role in promoting tumor vascularization, slowing down tumor growth and improving survival. However, the absence of this protein also led to more aggressive disease in the long run.
Researchers have discovered a key role for RNF5 in the development of Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis (sIBM), a muscle disease affecting older men. The study provides new insights into the mechanism underlying sIBM and offers potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
Researchers at Burnham Institute have identified Activating Transcription Factor 2 (ATF2) as a tumor suppressor in skin cancer development. ATF2 regulates gene transcription in response to extracellular stresses, leading to faster and more frequent tumor formation when its activity is reduced.
Researchers at Burnham Institute for Medical Research discovered how two signaling pathways control epigenetic modifications that regulate muscle stem cell growth and differentiation. The study highlights potential pharmacological avenues for selective gene expression control in regenerative medicine.
Researchers have developed a new therapy for protein-losing enteropathy (PLE), a devastating condition that affects children after Fontan surgery. The treatment uses a heparin analog that prevents protein leakage without causing severe side effects, offering a safer alternative to current treatments.
A recent study by Dr. Dorit Hanein at the Burnham Institute for Medical Research provides new insights into Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (FHC), a deadly genetic disorder affecting young people and athletes. The research reveals that a specific point mutation in myosin heavy chain causes myocardial disarray, leading to changes i...
Researchers at Burnham Institute for Medical Research have discovered that stimulation of the Wnt signaling pathway is essential for coronary vasculature formation. The study provides a new avenue for developing therapies for coronary artery disease, which is a leading cause of mortality in Western countries.
Researchers discover mechanism by which rosemary's carnosic acid fights off free radical damage in the brain, potentially leading to new treatments for stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. The active compound activates a novel signaling pathway, providing a 'pathological-activated therapeutic' approach with reduced side effects.
HIV/AIDS interferes with stem cells in the adult brain, preventing new nerve cells from forming, which is a key feature of AIDS dementia. The researchers discovered a novel molecular mechanism that inhibits stem cell proliferation, possibly triggered in other neurodegenerative diseases as well.
Researchers at Burnham Institute have discovered that gamma-secretase acts as a tumor suppressor by altering the EGFR pathway, which may limit treatment options for Alzheimer's and other diseases. The study also found that APP metabolite AICD negatively regulates transcription of the EGFR gene.
The California Institute for Regenerative Medicine awarded $3.79 million to the Burnham Institute for the development of a shared laboratory and expansion of its training courses in human embryonic stem cell research. This funding will support the Institute's partner institutes and researchers, including those at the San Diego Consorti...
A team of researchers at the Burnham Institute will investigate neuron-glia communication in development, with a focus on demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. The five-year study aims to resolve how glial cells function in the normal brain and provide new insights into the mechanisms of demyelinating diseases.
The California Institute for Regenerative Medicine has awarded $6 million in comprehensive grants to the Burnham Institute for Medical Research to support long-range stem cell studies aimed at developing new treatments for heart disease and brain repair. The funds will enable researchers to develop a supply of nerve cells for brain rep...
Researchers used human embryonic stem cells to treat a degenerative disease in mice, demonstrating the first successful use of hESCs in a diseased brain. The treatment not only replaced damaged nerve cells but also boosted the brain's supply of an enzyme and reduced inflammation.
A collaborative study by Sanford Burnham Prebys and UC San Diego found that mutations in a molecular channel in fly hearts caused arrhythmias similar to those found in humans. The researchers believe that understanding the regulation of this channel could lead to new treatments for age-related heart disease.