Articles tagged with Colon Cancer
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A novel mutant gene variant of MLH1 significantly increases the risk of colon cancer among Israeli patients, with a 40-percent lifetime risk. Researchers discovered the gene in Sephardic and Ashkenazi Jews, Muslim and Christian Arabs, and other ethnic groups, suggesting its widespread presence globally.
A study has identified a biomarker that can predict which colon cancer patients are most likely to respond to a specific chemotherapy regimen. The enzyme thymidine phosphorylase (TP) is found in some, but not all, cancers and is believed to activate the drug capecitabine.
A study found that African-Americans are 1.67 times more likely to die within five years and 1.52 times more likely to die within ten years after surgical treatment for CRC compared to Caucasians. Racial differences were most pronounced in patients with stage II disease.
Researchers identified six genes with mutations that affect cancer development in colon cancers, providing potential new targets for therapy. The study also found significant mutations in tyrosine kinase and phosphatase families across various types of cancer.
Colonoscopy emerges as a superior method for colon evaluation, surpassing alternative imaging tests in terms of accuracy and cost. New technologies like the ColonoSight device address patient discomfort and increase diagnostic efficiency.
Researchers found that a strong preference for female physicians delays colonoscopy procedures and increases costs. Additionally, a study revealed a significant association between diabetes mellitus and an increased risk of developing colon cancer. These findings highlight the need for interventions to address these barriers to care.
A randomized clinical trial found that regional and systemic adjuvant chemotherapy regimens had similar survival rates for colon cancer patients, with the combination regimen offering no added benefit. The study, published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, also showed lower adverse reaction rates for regional therapy.
Researchers at SLU have developed oncolytic adenoviruses that target specific types of cancer cells, such as colon and lung cancer. These engineered viruses attack and destroy cancerous cells through a mechanism different from chemotherapy or radiation.
A recent study found that even health-conscious women are more likely to have had a mammogram or Pap smear than undergone a colonoscopy. Doctors suggest using breast cancer screening appointments as an opportunity to educate women about colorectal cancer risk and increase awareness.
A recent study has found that minimally invasive laparoscopically assisted colectomy is an acceptable alternative for treating colon cancer when performed by experienced surgeons. The procedure's success depends on stringent surgical standards being followed.
A seven-year international study involving 872 patients with colon cancer has resolved concerns about laparoscopic surgery, finding it to be as safe and effective as standard surgery. The study found similar rates of complications, cancer recurrence, and overall survival between the two groups.
A recent study by Merrill and colleagues found that soy GlcCer, a type of sphingolipid, can reduce the number of tumors in mice with colon cancer. The study's results suggest that consuming soybeans may help prevent colon cancer by targeting beta-catenin, a protein involved in cell growth.
Researchers identified a 23-gene signature that can predict disease recurrence in Dukes' B colon cancer patients with high accuracy. The study's findings have significant implications for personalized therapy decisions and could lead to improved patient outcomes.
A new five-year, $5.6 million NCI grant is supporting a clinical trial to study a blood test for detecting colorectal cancer recurrence based on the protein guanylyl cyclase C (GCC). The trial aims to determine if GCC testing by RT-PCR analysis is more sensitive and specific than current methods in early detection of recurrence.
Periostin is a protein that promotes metastatic growth of colon cancer by augmenting cell survival, and may be involved in the progression of other cancers. The study identified periostin as a potent promoter of late-stage tumor progression, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for preventing deadly metastatic cancers.
Researchers found that African Americans and whites with identical health care coverage experience no racial disparity in colon cancer survival. While subtle differences were seen in treatment options, the study suggests equal access to care can eliminate disparities
A new calculator tool, developed by Mayo Clinic researchers, helps physicians estimate colon cancer patient prognosis and aid in treatment decisions. The calculator considers four factors: lymph node status, tumor depth, grade, and age to provide more accurate five-year survival estimates with or without adjuvant chemotherapy.
Jefferson researchers have discovered a unique genetic signature for colon stem cells, which could lead to a better understanding of colon cancer development. The study found that specific genes are selectively expressed in the bottom of crypts, where stem cells reside.
Researchers have found that Nembutal, a sedative, can suppress the growth of colon cancer cells by inhibiting gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors. The study suggests a novel approach to treating cancers with neurotransmitter receptors on their surfaces.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that women taking estrogen and progestin hormone replacement therapy had a lower risk of colorectal cancer, but those who developed cancer had more advanced cases. The researchers emphasize the importance of regular colonoscopy for women over 50.
Researchers found that switched-off SFRP genes allow the WNT pathway to stay active, leading to colon cell growth and tumor formation. The study suggests that reactivating SFRPs may prevent colon cancer by stopping this chain reaction.
Scientists have pinpointed a new cancer gene target, PIK3CA, which is mutated in 32% of colon cancers and may be involved in tumor growth. The study suggests that targeted therapies could be more effective with fewer side effects, leading to personalized cancer treatment.
Researchers found that retinoblastoma survivors are at higher risk of epithelial cancers such as esophagus, stomach, colon, lung, breast, cervix, or prostate, despite low radiation therapy. High folate intake is associated with a lower risk of ovarian cancer, especially among women who consume alcohol.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic discovered a crucial link between the cancer gene CBP and protein p27Kip1 in the development of lymphoma, breast and colon cancers. The study found that the absence of CBP and low levels of p27Kip1 accelerate cancer growth in laboratory mice.
A study published in The Journal of the American Medical Association found that people with higher CRP levels were more likely to develop colorectal cancers over an 11-year period. Median CRP levels were higher among those who developed colon cancer, and inflammation was linked to increased risk without being mediated by diabetes.
A recent study found a significant link between increased levels of C-reactive protein and colon cancer risk. However, the study's findings do not suggest that C-reactive protein is a definitive marker for colon cancer risk.
A study found that high levels of CRP in blood are associated with an increased risk of colon cancer, particularly in individuals who do not smoke. Elevated CRP concentrations were also found in people with rectal cancer, but the association was weaker.
A study found that sigmoidoscopies are often inadequate in older women, with a significant increase in failures to reach the colon's lower third. The study suggests that age-related factors, such as bowel preparation difficulties and anatomical variations, may contribute to these findings.
Researchers found that colon cancer cells can revert to non-metastatic behavior when surrounded by other cells, reversing the invasive process. By targeting a specific gene called Slug, scientists hope to develop a drug to block metastasis in patients.
The study found that men who consumed high amounts of vitamin D, cereal fiber, and took non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were less likely to have serious colon polyps or tumors. Smoking was significantly associated with a higher risk of having a tumor or benign polyps.
A prospective multicenter trial found that 3-D virtual colonoscopy is more sensitive than conventional colonoscopy, detecting over 90% of significant polyps with minimal discomfort and cost
A new study identifies a specific DNA stretch on chromosome 9 that houses a susceptibility gene linked to increased colon cancer risk. Researchers analyzed blood samples from 53 families affected by colon cancer or pre-cancerous polyps and found a common genetic link.
Researchers identified a specific anticancer compound, methylpyridinium, in coffee with strong antioxidant content, suggesting it may offer protection against colon cancer. Drinking coffee, especially strong espresso-type brews, could provide some level of protection.
A large-scale clinical study by Nordic collaboration has provided new insights into the effects of chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. The analysis demonstrated that among 2,223 patients, those given chemotherapy as part of routine care had a five-year survival rate of 56%, compared to 49% for those treated by surgery alone.
In Sweden, rectal cancer patients have seen a dramatic improvement in five-year survival rates, jumping from 50% to 60%, thanks to changes in hospital practice and quality assurance measures.
A Canadian-led study found that about 83% of colon cancer patients benefit from traditional chemotherapy, while nearly 17% do not. Further research is needed to provide alternative treatments for those who don't respond to standard therapy.
A new study reveals that Katie Couric's on-air colonoscopy led to a significant increase in colon cancer screenings nationwide. Colonoscopy rates jumped over 20% in the days and months following Couric's test, sustained for nearly a year. The 'Katie Couric Effect' also showed an increase in screenings among women and people under age 50.
Two studies suggest that regular use of ibuprofen and aspirin inhibits breast cancer formation, while a low-dose tamoxifen regimen may effectively treat breast cancer with fewer side effects. Another study found that a combination of low-dose COX-2 inhibitors and fish oil may reduce colon cancer risk.
Pre-diabetic adults with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are nearly twice as likely to die from any cancer and four times more likely to die from colon cancer compared to those with normal glucose tolerance. Researchers suggest that high insulin levels may promote the development of cancer cells, but prevention methods are unclear.
Scientists at Case Western Reserve University have identified a new colon cancer gene, SLC5A8, which is silenced through aberrant methylation. The discovery offers potential for a new diagnostic test for early colon cancer detection.
UCSD researchers define multiple steps initiated by COX-2 enzymes, including cyclic adenosine monophosphate and Inhibitors of Apoptosis, leading to suppressed cell killing and uncontrolled growth. The study also explains how aspirin and NSAIDs can reduce colon cancer incidence by inhibiting COX-2.
Research suggests that frequent consumption of miso soup and high intake of isoflavones may lower breast cancer risk. Vitamin D analog paricalcitol also demonstrates antitumor activity against myeloid leukemia, myeloma, and colon cancer cells.
A large Canadian study found no significant difference in postoperative mortality between high- and low-volume hospitals for complex surgical procedures. The authors suggest that volume-based regionalization may have good reasons, but the main benefit of reduced mortality rates may be overstated.
A Danish population study of over 29,000 individuals found that alcohol, particularly beer and spirits, increases rectal cancer risk. In contrast, moderate wine consumption appears to have a protective effect, with those drinking around a third of their intake as wine being less likely to develop the disease.
Researchers discovered mutations in 14 tyrosine kinase genes, which play key roles in controlling cell growth and differentiation. These findings open the door to individualized treatment approaches for colorectal cancer, allowing for personalized therapeutics tailored to each patient's tumor DNA.
Researchers have identified 46 new mutations in colon cancer genes that can be targeted by drugs, affecting approximately 30% of colorectal cancers. The study used a forward-looking approach to screen the genes that produce tyrosine kinases, resulting in the discovery of novel mutations that spur colon cancer.
A new study suggests that colonoscopy is more cost-effective in preventing colon cancer than promising Cox-II drugs. The study found that screening plus drugs was most effective but also the most costly option.
Researchers have developed a new colon cancer screening method that eliminates the need for cathartic cleansing, reducing patient discomfort. The innovative approach uses barium to tag fecal matter left in the colon, making it easier to detect polyps with low residue diets and reduced-hydration regimens.
A study published by the American College of Radiology found that PET scans had a sensitivity rate of 93% compared to 46% for CT scans. Additionally, PET scans offered advantages over CT scans in terms of cost savings due to lower radiation exposure. The researchers recommend using PET scans for staging patients with suspected cancer s...
A new study published in The Lancet found that a high-fibre diet was associated with a lower risk of colorectal adenoma and colon cancer. Participants who consumed the most fibre had a 25% lower risk of developing adenoma compared to those who consumed less fibre.
Researchers have discovered that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) block the IL-6 activation of STAT1, a protein that triggers malignant growth in colorectal cancer cells. The findings could lead to new treatments for the disease.
A novel combination treatment of celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, and DHA from fish oil causes cell death in human colon cancer cells at low doses. This synergistic approach shows promise in reducing colon cancer risk with tolerable doses.
A new study identifies a genetic marker in blood samples that may indicate an increased risk of colon cancer. The researchers found that individuals with a family history of colon cancer, polyps, or personal history of the disease were more likely to have this marker in their blood.
A study found that green and white tea can prevent colon tumors as effectively as the prescription drug sulindac. Moderate consumption of these teas may provide cancer protection without side effects associated with NSAIDs. The combination of tea and sulindac showed an 80% tumor reduction.
A major study shows that taking 325 milligrams of aspirin daily can reduce the risk of developing polyps in the colon by 35%, a significant step towards preventing colorectal cancer. The study involved over 100 medical centers and clinics across the US, with patients who had previously suffered from colorectal cancer.
A large randomized trial found that daily aspirin use reduced the incidence of adenomas and prolonged time to appearance in colon cancer patients, offering strong evidence for its protective properties.
A daily aspirin regimen was found to significantly reduce the occurrence of pre-cancerous polyps in patients with a history of colorectal cancer, lowering their risk by about one-third. Aspirin's protective effect also prevented the development of new adenomas and reduced the number of existing polyps.
A randomized, double-blind study of over 1100 patients found that low-dose aspirin reduced the incidence of polyps by 19% and advanced lesions by more than 40%. Regular aspirin tablets also showed significant reductions in adenoma occurrence.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute are testing acupuncture's efficacy in alleviating symptom distress and promoting emotional well-being in terminally ill colorectal cancer patients. The four-year study will compare acupuncture, sham acupuncture, and usual care to determine its benefits.
The session addresses heart disease in postmenopausal women, including sub-clinical atherosclerosis predictors and prevention measures. It also explores sarcopenia and frailty in older women, discussing muscle mass loss and body composition changes that contribute to disability.