Articles tagged with Diarrhea
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Researchers identified a new disorder called enteric anendocrinosis caused by a mutation in the Neurogenin-3 gene. Patients with this condition develop type I diabetes and have abnormally low endocrine cells in their intestine, leading to severe malnutrition and growth failure.
A recent study found that AMITIZA improved symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C), including abdominal pain and bloating. The treatment was associated with significant improvements in patients' quality of life.
A tiny packet containing a grayish powder has been shown to dramatically reduce diarrheal deaths caused by contaminated water. The system, called PUR Purifier of Water, can kill deadly pathogens and remove toxic metals, and is now being distributed globally for free
A study found that current use of proton pump inhibitors was associated with nearly 3 times the rate of CDAD; use of H2-receptor antagonists was associated with twice the rate of CDAD. The rates and severity of nosocomial CDAD are increasing, posing a significant public health concern.
Researchers found that zinc supplementation is safe and effective in reducing the frequency of watery diarrhea in HIV-infected children. The study showed no increase in plasma HIV-1 viral load measurements, supporting the use of zinc as an adjunct therapy for children with HIV infection.
Researchers found that cocoa flavonoids can bind to and inhibit CFTR, a protein in the intestines that regulates fluid secretion. This discovery could lead to natural treatments for diarrhea that are inexpensive and have few side effects.
A randomized controlled trial in Pakistan found that handwashing with soap reduced the incidence of pneumonia by 50% and diarrhoea by 53% in children under 5. Handwashing also prevented impetigo. The study highlights the importance of regular handwashing as a cost-effective technique for preventing childhood diseases.
A new study estimates that an additional $5.1 billion annually will be needed to deliver universally available interventions in 42 countries, which will save the lives of 6 million children. The authors conclude that this cost is affordable and reflects a choice made by policy makers and donors.
Researchers found rifaximin significantly reduces mild diarrhea in travelers, while updated guidelines advise against hormone replacement therapy (HT) for postmenopausal women after hysterectomy. A study also discovered that slightly elevated blood sugar levels do not increase the risk of new heart attacks in women with established cor...
A clinical trial found rifaximin effective in preventing travelers' diarrhea, with only 14.74% of participants experiencing symptoms after two weeks of daily dosing. The antibiotic lacks side effects and does not stimulate resistance in bacteria, making it a promising preventive measure.
A study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that Norovirus causes 65% of traveler's diarrhea in US visitors to Mexico and Guatemala. The researchers also discovered a higher rate of dual infections with E. coli, suggesting that these co-infections may be more common than previously thought.
A new study on celiac disease over a 52-year span reveals a significant shift in patient demographics and symptom presentation. Fewer patients are diagnosed with diarrhea, while more are discovered through screening, leading to an increase in silent diagnoses.
A new trial shows promising results for Cilansetron in treating IBS with diarrhea, improving quality of life and relieving symptoms. The medication has been shown to be well-tolerated and efficacious in both men and women.
Researchers at University of Texas found no benefit to restrictive diets for travelers with diarrhea, contrary to traditional advice. The study suggests that simple carbohydrates may aid in gut repair and symptom alleviation.
A handwashing program in Pakistan's urban slums reduced diarrhea incidence by 53% among children under 15. The program used plain soap, with no difference in efficacy seen with antibacterial soap.
A randomized study shows rifaximin to be highly effective in preventing all forms of diarrhea and intestinal symptoms in healthy adults traveling to high-risk areas. The medication was also found to prevent chronic diarrhea and irritable bowel syndrome in some individuals, making it a promising treatment for travelers.
A new study by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center has identified a strain of E. coli as the cause of diarrhea in young children. The research, which used genetic technology, found that nearly 10% of children treated for gastroenteritis tested positive for enteroaggregative E. coli.
Researchers found that mast cells are required for experimental oral allergen-induced diarrhea, which is dependent on serotonin and platelet-activating factor signaling. Blocking these pathways could lead to new treatments for gastrointestinal allergy.
Lexiva demonstrated durable anti-viral response through 48 weeks, significantly less grade 2-4 drug-related diarrhea than nelfinavir. In PI-experienced patients, Lexiva/r showed fewer nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutations after virologic failure compared to lopinavir/ritonavir.
New research demonstrates abnormal serotonin signaling in IBS, with key elements of serotonin signaling changed in patients. The study found decreased serotonin content and higher endocrine cell populations in IBS patients, leading to increased serotonin availability.
A new study found that Neoral is as effective as tacrolimus in preventing acute rejection but better tolerated, with lower rates of diabetes and diarrhoea. The study analyzed 499 patients and showed significant differences in tolerability between the two immunosuppressive therapies.
Researchers at the University of Illinois found that piglets fed with a fiber-rich formula showed reduced incidence of diarrhea when infected with Salmonella typhimurium. The study suggests that fermentable fibers can help prevent intestinal damage and promote resistance against pathogens.
Researchers found that more than 1.5 million Americans suffer from celiac disease, which is triggered by the protein gluten and can cause various gastrointestinal symptoms. The study, published in Archives of Internal Medicine, used a multi-center approach to screen over 13,000 people across 32 states.
A study by the Center for Advancing Health found that regular inspections can significantly reduce diarrhea outbreaks on cruise ships. The inspection pass-fail mark of 86 percent is linked to a lower incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms.
Researchers identified a new compound, thiazolidinone, that effectively inhibits CFTR-mediated chloride secretion, reducing excess intestinal fluid secretion in mice with secretory diarrhea. The study's findings suggest that this compound may be useful in treating secretory diarrhea linked to the cystic fibrosis gene.
Researchers have discovered that angiopoietin-1 can restore faulty blood vessel architecture in mice by promoting sprouting, survival, and stability of new vessels. This study highlights the importance of pericytes in maintaining normal vessel stability and may lead to new treatments for diseases like diabetic retinopathy.
A recent study found that zinc supplements can significantly reduce the severity and duration of diarrhea in Bangladeshi children, resulting in lower rates of child morbidity and mortality. The study supports the use of zinc therapy as a simple and effective intervention to improve child health and survival.
A new study reveals dispersin, a protein on the surface of E. coli bacteria, helps promote its ability to survive and spread in the gut. Dispersin is now being explored as a potential vaccine candidate due to its strong immune response-provoking properties.
A study found contaminated E. coli bacteria in hot sauces from popular tourist restaurants in Mexico and Texas, increasing the risk of travelers' diarrhea. A simple test can detect peripheral arterial disease by comparing blood pressure in the arm and lower leg.
A new formula of Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) has been developed through USAID-supported research, reducing the need for intravenous fluids by 33%. This improvement is expected to lower hospitalization rates, secondary infections, and healthcare costs, ultimately saving millions of lives.
In a three-month study, ARICEPT significantly improved cognition and daily living skills compared to Reminyl. The treatment was better tolerated by patients taking ARICEPT, with fewer gastrointestinal adverse events.
A Yale gastroenterologist has received a $1 million grant to study infectious diseases in developing countries. The grant will support collaborative research on improved oral rehydration solutions for diarrheal diseases, which are common causes of death among children worldwide.
A pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials found that zinc supplementation reduced the duration of diarrheal episodes in infants in developing countries by 16% overall. The study also showed a significant reduction in treatment failure or death rates, particularly among malnourished male children.
A pooled analysis of 10 randomized trials found that zinc supplementation significantly reduces pneumonia incidence by 41% and diarrhea by up to 25%. The effect of zinc on pneumonia prevention is greater than other current interventions, making it a promising addition to child health programs worldwide.