Articles tagged with Surgery
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Over half of hospital patients are at risk of venous thromboembolism and require prophylactic treatment, with surgical patients more likely to receive it. Global usage of VTE prophylaxis varies significantly across countries, highlighting the need for standardized guidelines.
A recent Johns Hopkins Medicine study suggests that the current standard for heart transplant hospitals may be too lenient. The researchers recommend increasing the benchmark from 10 to 14 heart transplants per year, as high-volume centers consistently show better survival rates and fewer complications.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons reveals that community hospitals are transferring more patients to trauma centers for non-medical reasons. The majority of these patients have minor injuries, but this trend threatens to limit resources and increase system costs.
A hospital-based peer intervention program reduced criminal justice involvement among youth aged 12-20 by 33%, saving $60,000 per patient. The study showed that the program was cost-efficient compared to juvenile detention, with a potential annual savings of $750,000 to $1.5 million.
Researchers found that urban colorectal and lung cancer patients present at later stages of disease than their rural counterparts. This study highlights the need for improved screening efforts in both rural and urban populations to address disparities in cancer diagnosis.
A survey of surgeons in training found that women are more influenced by lifestyle considerations when choosing a subspecialty career. The study suggests that general surgery residency programs should address the perception of the lifestyle associated with subspecialty surgical careers to recruit more women.
A study by Johns Hopkins surgeons found that newborns with uncomplicated gastroschisis have varying survival rates depending on the hospital, with some having death rates three to five times higher than the national average. The researchers compared mortality rates among 1,775 infants born with the condition in 40 US hospitals.
A 30-year study found that hysterectomy more than doubles the risk of requiring stress-urinary-incontinence surgery. The highest risk was within five years after surgery, with multiparous women particularly affected. Researchers suggest surgical trauma and changes to pelvic-floor supportive tissues may contribute to this association.
A large study found that pregnant women are often misdiagnosed with appendicitis, leading to unnecessary operations and increased risk of fetal loss or early delivery. Advanced imaging tools like ultrasound and MRI may improve diagnostic accuracy.
A new predictive model using hemoglobin level, International Normalized Ratio, and penetrating injury mechanism can accurately predict which soldiers require massive blood transfusions, allowing for timely mobilization of resources. This model has been shown to reliably predict the need for massive transfusions in combat patients.
A majority of voters (75%) support a nationwide trauma system, with strong majorities across all political parties. A well-coordinated trauma system can improve survival rates by 25%, making it a critical issue for the nation's healthcare infrastructure.
A new study found that limiting work hours for surgical residents enhances their training and improves patient care. The study also showed that the new model improved overall teaching effectiveness and increased operating room experience for residents.
Researchers found that uninsured or publicly insured patients with acute appendicitis are at a higher risk of perforation compared to those with private insurance. This unexpected finding suggests that insurance status may be a more significant factor in health outcomes than previously thought.
A recent Yale University study found that 16% of chronically ill elderly patients refuse recommended medical and surgical interventions. The most frequently refused treatments were cardiac catheterization and surgery, with a combined refusal rate over 10%. Patients who refused treatments often cited fear of side effects as the primary ...
A new study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that prostate cancer patients treated by experienced surgeons have a lower risk of recurrence five years after surgery. The study analyzed data from over 7,700 patients and found that surgeons with more experience had better outcomes, with nearly 70% fewer recu...
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that installing an electronic health records system can pay for itself within 16 months. The University of Rochester Medical Center saved $393,662 per year by reducing costs associated with manual chart pulling and transcription.
Researchers found that hospital mortality increased significantly according to the Child-Pugh classification, with a mortality rate of 10 percent for those with class A, 18 percent for those with class B, and 67 percent for those with class C. Postoperative complications were also higher in class B and C than in class A.
A team of researchers successfully linked surgeons to robots via a 4,000-mile satellite connection, improving the quality of minimally invasive surgery. The study found that virtual reality prediction would greatly aid this type of surgery, paving the way for new efficient healthcare services.
CT angiography (CTA) has been found to accurately detect ruptured cerebral aneurysms in patients with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage, with a sensitivity of 99.4%. The study, conducted at the Health Sciences Center in Winnipeg, Canada, involved 171 patients who underwent preoperative 3D CTA.
A new study reveals that contrast-enhanced 64-MDCT can accurately diagnose acute trauma to the aorta without the need for invasive catheter angiography. This eliminates the need for mobilizing an angiography team, allowing treatment to begin immediately after diagnosis.
Research published in the journal Heart found a significant link between performance league tables and lower death rates after coronary artery bypass surgery. The study analyzed data from almost 26,000 patients and showed that public disclosure of cardiac surgery outcome data led to improved patient outcomes.
Patients who received cataract surgery within 6 weeks experienced better visual outcomes and fewer adverse events compared to those who waited longer. The optimal wait time for cataract surgery remains unclear due to mixed results between 6 weeks and 6 months.
Raven, a mobile surgical robot developed by the University of Washington, will operate in an underwater capsule off the coast of Florida, guided by surgeons in Seattle. The 12-day mission tests current technology for sending remote-controlled surgical robotic systems into space.
Researchers successfully transplanted a single donor cornea into three patients with different eye conditions, demonstrating the feasibility of customized component corneal transplantation. The procedure allows for optimal use of available donor tissue, particularly in countries with limited quality and quantity of donor corneas.
Research on silent myocardial ischemia shows that anti-anginal therapy, combined with risk factor control, improves outcomes and preserves left ventricular function. Additionally, faster door-to-balloon time for STEMI patients leads to reduced healthcare costs, heart attack rates, and hospital stays.
Researchers at MIT developed a new biopolymer suture made from material produced naturally by the human body, which is 30% stronger and more flexible than current sutures. The sutures have been cleared by the FDA for use in abdominal closures and tendon stitching, offering a potential solution to re-opening wounds.
A study of 17 studies from nine countries found that removing and examining more lymph nodes during colon cancer surgery improves patient outcomes. The research suggests that knowing how far a cancer has spread leads to tailored treatment, ultimately resulting in better survival rates for patients.
A population-based study found clinically significant variation in breast cancer treatment rates across Manitoba, suggesting the guidelines have not met their objective. The study's findings imply that guideline implementation is not a straightforward process and that other factors influence adoption.
A new medical technique using microsecond electrical pulses has been shown to create permanent nanoscale holes in target cell membranes without harming surrounding tissue. This technique, called irreversible electroporation (IRE), has the potential to revolutionize minimally invasive surgical treatments for tumors.
The Mayo Clinic team has proposed a system of lung surgery quality indicators to demonstrate best practices for positive patient outcomes. The proposed measures include patient-centered processes prior to, during, and after surgery, such as pulmonary function testing, electrocardiogram, smoking history documentation, and timely pain co...
A breast cancer treatment based on MIT research is documented in a new book, including promising results from the latest clinical trials of the therapy. The technique uses microwaves to heat-and-kill-cells containing high amounts of water and ions, showing minimal side effects.
Multidetector CT (MDCT) technology can accurately detect bowel perforations without the need for contrast media, making it a game-changer in emergency medicine. The study found that MDCT correctly identified bowel perforation in 73 of 85 patients.
A University of Michigan study found that women who took control of choosing their breast cancer surgeon were more likely to be treated by high-volume surgeons and at accredited cancer centers. Women with higher education and incomes were also more likely to select their surgeon based on reputation.
A recent study published in Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery found that outcomes following surgically implanted bone-anchored hearing aids are comparable for children younger than 5 years and those older than 5 years. Early and consistent stimulation of the cochlea is critical to a child's development of speech and language.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University are developing robotic assistants to enhance surgeons' skills, including a snakelike robot for making incisions and tying sutures with greater dexterity, and a steady-hand system to curb tremors during microsurgery. These tools aim to improve surgical precision and effectiveness.
Researchers identified 142 candidate indicators of quality care for colorectal cancer surgery, including surgical credentials, preoperative evaluation, and postoperative management. The expert panel rated 92 indicators as valid, suggesting these can be used to measure care quality and create improvement programs.
A recent study published in the Canadian Journal of Surgery found that many medical school graduates in Canada lack proficiency in basic surgical skills such as suturing and tube placements. The researchers surveyed 123 recent graduates and 55 surgeons, revealing a significant gap between expected and actual skill levels.
A consensus statement published in Annals of Surgical Oncology calls for heated chemotherapy after colon cancer surgery to optimize patient survival. The treatment, known as HIPEC, has shown promising results with a median survival of greater than 20 months compared to six-month survival with traditional intravenous chemotherapy.
A web-based survey found that a substantial proportion of surgeons, residents, and medical students are interested in part-time training options with flexible schedules. The study aims to attract and retain female surgeons, who face lifestyle concerns and limited work-life balance.
A study published in the Journal of Surgical Research found that reducing surgical resident work hours did not significantly improve perceived quality of patient care. Residents reported fewer fatigue-related errors but more continuity and communication issues.
A survey of US and Canadian physicians reveals they generally support disclosing medical errors that would be apparent to patients, but differ in when and how to do so. Most patients want detailed information following a medical error, including an explicit statement of the error and explanations for what will be done to prevent future...
A recent study using APPROACH data compares survival outcomes between medically treated and surgically treated patients with heart failure. The findings suggest that revascularization may not offer significant benefits in terms of risks versus benefits.
Surgeons at UT Southwestern Medical Center have recorded some of the most successful patient outcomes nationally for patients with rare and complex type of kidney tumors. The five-year survival rate was among the highest, while one-year survival rate is 78 percent.
A recent study found that major pancreatic cancer surgery can be successfully performed on patients in their 80s, 90s, and older with comparable five-year survival rates to the general population. This challenges common misconceptions about the suitability of elderly patients for such surgery.
Infertility risk in women with ulcerative colitis increases significantly after ileal pouch anal anastomosis surgery, according to a meta-analysis. The study found that the risk of infertility tripled to 48% after the procedure, with no obvious factors contributing to this increased risk.
A team of students from Johns Hopkins University has developed a prototype that improves chest closure after heart surgery, replacing traditional metal wires with polymer cable ties. The device, which resembles a stapler, is designed to be safer and less invasive, reducing potential injuries to patients and surgeons.
Two surgical interventions, primary peritoneal drainage and laparotomy, were compared in a clinical trial involving 117 preterm infants with perforated NEC. The study found that the type of operation performed did not influence survival or other clinically important outcomes.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have developed a surgery to plug the superior canal in the inner ear, stopping severe symptoms of superior canal dehiscence. The procedure has been successful in treating patients with severe dizziness, loss of balance, and hearing loss.
Persistent post-operative pain affects 10-15% of individuals after common operations. Surgical techniques like careful dissection and minimally invasive methods can reduce nerve damage and associated pain. Surgeons must be aware of these techniques to improve patient outcomes.
A survey of operating room personnel found that general surgical nurses and certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs) consistently rated high for teamwork, while surgeons received the lowest scores. The study used the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire to assess safety attitudes in the OR.
A survey of 141 physicians and medical students found that female respondents were more likely to perceive sex discrimination in surgery, citing workload considerations and lifestyle concerns as deterrents. The results suggest addressing these concerns to attract both men and women to surgery, but also highlight the need to confront a ...
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati found that delaying aortic trauma repair can lead to better survival outcomes for patients with certain injuries. Dr. Amy Reed's study analyzed 51 cases and found that 54% of patients who underwent delayed endovascular repair survived, compared to 38% of those who received immediate open repair.
A case report identified a serious oral post-surgical complication in a patient receiving IV bisphosphonates for breast carcinoma-related osteopenia. The patient developed osteonecrosis following periodontal surgical therapy, emphasizing the importance of dental evaluations before initiating IV bisphosphonate therapy.
Researchers have developed a novel technique using standard surgical stents and synthetic endografts to effectively treat patients with severe blunt thoracic aortic trauma, reducing the risk of death from blood loss. The method provides a reliable way for emergency surgeons to repair difficult injuries using readily accessible materials.
Patients undergoing more extensive (D3) lymph node dissection had higher 5-year overall survival rates compared to those with less extensive (D1) surgery. D3 nodal dissection offers a survival benefit when performed by experienced surgeons.
Researchers found that hospitalized patients with schizophrenia are more likely to experience serious infections, respiratory failure, and sepsis compared to those without the condition. The study suggests that improved quality of care could help mitigate this increased risk.
A study suggests that delayed surgical intervention can be a safe alternative to immediate treatment for men diagnosed with early-stage, low-grade prostate cancer. The research found equivalent risks of noncurable prostate cancer in both groups, depending on factors like age and PSA levels.
Patients who chewed sugarless gum three times a day experienced shorter hospital stays (4.3 days vs. 6.8 days) and earlier gas passage and first bowel movements compared to control groups. Chewing gum may stimulate the gastrointestinal tract, promoting hormones that activate bowel motility.
A new screening method, qMRSA, was tested on 1,053 patients in Geneva University Hospital. The study found that qMRSA significantly reduced the time to get MRSA test results from 87 hours to 21 hours, and isolated infected patients immediately after detection, which substantially decreased MRSA infections in the medical ICU.
A study found that delaying surgery for men with asymptomatic inguinal hernias has similar outcomes to surgical repair, with lower risk of post-operative complications. Watchful waiting can be a viable alternative for these patients.