Articles tagged with Cells
Researchers discover molecules that can rewire G protein-coupled receptor signaling, turning busy receptors into precision tools. The findings hold promise for new treatments with fewer side effects.
Researchers discovered that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) plays a crucial role in heart regeneration by triggering specific genes involved in the process. Injection of DHA improves cardiac function in adult mice after myocardial infarction, while also facilitating cardiomyocyte proliferation and inhibiting fibrosis and inflammation.
Researchers engineered midnolin for targeted protein degradation using cryo-EM structures and developed chimeras for non-native high-profile targets. This study provides a paradigm-shifting solution to challenges in targeted protein degradation approaches.
Scientists have identified a previously unknown genetic disease, MINA syndrome, which damages motor neurons and affects movement and muscle control. The disease is caused by a rare genetic mutation in the NAMPT protein, leading to symptoms such as muscle weakness, loss of coordination, and foot deformities.
Researchers developed a computational tool to identify genetic vulnerabilities in memory-making brain cells linked to Alzheimer's. The 'seismic' algorithm integrates genetic data with single-cell RNA sequencing, revealing a detailed picture of affected cell types and their genetic programs.
The study found that 1-year DMEK success rates were high regardless of donor diabetes status. No restrictions on using tissue from donors with diabetes for DMEK are recommended based on the results.
UCSF researchers found a key cellular switch driving pulmonary fibrosis and developed a new therapy to block it in mice. The treatment works by preventing healthy lung cells from converting to harmful cell types, reducing scarring and improving lung function.
Graz University of Technology and the University of Regensburg are conducting research on the interaction of cell types at the blood-brain barrier, with a particular focus on sex-specific differences in depression. The study aims to identify mechanisms contributing to depression and develop targeted therapies.
Researchers at UTA discovered that mitochondria can protect a cell from dying by taking in calcium, regulating complex cell death. The findings offer insights into brain development and disease, potentially leading to targeted treatments.
The research team developed a unique alginate-collagen interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogel system that mimics the mechanical properties of tissues. Fibroblasts cultured on the hydrogels exhibited unprecedented behavioral patterns, including cell aggregation and reprogramming-related gene expression upregulation. The positive feedba...
Researchers have developed a novel strategy using Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets to enhance thermal conductivity and optoelectronic performance in perovskite solar cells. This study offers a promising route toward high-efficiency, thermally stable photovoltaics.
A new study reveals that astrocytes, a type of glial cell, are responsible for stabilizing memories through repeated engagement. The researchers found that Fos activity in astrocytes only occurs during recall, and that these cells can be activated to produce stable memories.
Researchers at Shinshu University found that cardamom seed extract enhances the production of antiviral proteins called type I interferons, which play a crucial role in defending against viral infections. The study suggests that cardamom could be a potential source of antiviral treatment.
Research reveals that ovarian aging is not just about egg quality, but also the surrounding cells and tissues. The study found that eggs cluster in pockets surrounded by egg-free zones, which decline in density with age, influencing egg lifespan and maturation.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new way to engineer CAR-NK cells that are less likely to be rejected by the patient's immune system, making them a promising treatment for cancer. The cells can destroy most cancer cells while evading the host immune system, and may offer a better safety profile than traditional CAR-T cells.
A new method has been developed to generate induced natural killer cells and CAR-engineered NK cells from cord blood-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. This approach increases the induction efficiency of NK cells and lowers the cost of CAR engineering, offering a promising avenue for cancer immunotherapy.
A £1.55m study examines the effect of long-term vaping on respiratory health in 200 healthy smokers and non-smokers. The research aims to provide insight into vaping's biological effects on lung cells, immune cells, and airway microbiome.
Double negative T cells (DNT cells) play an indispensable role in suppressing intestinal inflammation, acting as antigen-presenting cells. Their impaired function may contribute to the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease, suggesting they could be a potential therapeutic target.
A diet rich in cysteine has been shown to activate immune cells that help regenerate intestinal tissue, potentially offering a new way to heal tissue damage from radiation or chemotherapy treatment. The researchers found that cysteine initiates a chain of events leading to the activation of CD8 T cells, which produce cytokines like IL-...
Researchers have identified chemical fossils in ancient rocks that suggest the ancestors of modern-day demosponges were among the first animals to evolve. The discovery, made by a team of MIT geochemists, builds on previous findings and provides strong evidence for the early origins of life on Earth.
A protective mechanism involving actin filaments forms in the cell nucleus to prevent DNA loss and stabilize the nucleus. This mechanism allows cancer cells to survive high mechanical stress during migration, which is crucial for metastasis.
Researchers are developing monolithic perovskite/perovskite/silicon triple-junction solar cells to overcome the theoretical efficiency limit of crystalline silicon. The cells feature tunable bandgaps, low-cost fabrication, and excellent optoelectronic properties.
The study identifies two distinct neuronal populations affected by Alzheimer's disease: EC-stellate neurons lost and GFAP⁺ neurons expanding with glia-like features. These findings highlight energy metabolism dysfunction and neuronal identity changes in AD progression.
Secreted proteins offer promising therapeutic avenues for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Recent research highlights their potential as therapeutic targets, but translating preclinical findings into effective clinical treatments remains challenging.
Scientists established intrahepatic cholangiocyte organoids from Syrian hamsters, which withstand cooling-rewarming stress better than mouse-derived counterparts. shICOs maintain lower ROS levels and lipid peroxidation under cold exposure through enhanced anti-ferroptosis ability.
Researchers developed a parallel microdevice that combines high-throughput intracellular delivery with automated single-cell image cytometry using AI. The device can deliver gene-silencing RNA and plasmid DNA across multiple cell types, enabling broad utility for cell engineering and personalized therapies.
Researchers have surpassed the Shockley-Queisser efficiency limit in photovoltaic cells by delivering 50-60% power-conversion efficiency at low temperatures. This breakthrough opens up new possibilities for extreme-environment energy harvesting, with potential applications in cryogenic and deep-space power.
The study found that a specific spinal circuit is involved in both ejaculation and arousal, and integrates sensory inputs to adjust its output based on the animal's internal state. The researchers also discovered that Gal⁺ neurons receive sensory input from the penis and can trigger ejaculation, but their effects are suppressed by brai...
Researchers develop one-molecule, self-regulated 'bilateral anchoring' for high-performance rigid and flexible PSCs, achieving record efficiencies while extending device lifetime under real-world stress. The innovative design enables commercial viability of squaric acid as a single-component modifier for stable PSCs on any substrate.
Macrophage lysosomes regulate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production, with pH influencing the balance between killing microbes and avoiding self-harm. The study provides insights into immune regulation using nanoelectrochemical sensors.
A joint team from The University of Osaka revealed that soft particles exhibit unique focusing patterns compared to rigid particles, influencing their focusing behavior. The study provides fundamental insights into the underlying physics, offering a new theoretical model explaining particle behavior under various flow regimes.
Researchers at Salk Institute and UC San Diego have identified a unique sugar called HSAT as a potential therapeutic target for slowing tumor progression and metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Boosting HSAT levels may slow the formation and spread of pancreatic cancer, leading to improved survival rates among patients.
Researchers found that nerves with a response to stimulation had a greater likelihood of recovering on their own, while those without a response had a low chance of functional recovery. The study uses intraoperative electrical nerve stimulation as a tool to distinguish between recoverable and non-recoverable nerve injuries.
Researchers found that an astrocytic 'brake' mechanism, fueled by the neurotransmitter GABA, blocks spinal cord repair after injury. Inhibiting this pathway with the MAOB inhibitor KDS2010 enables recovery of spinal cord function in animal models.
A research team from Nara Institute of Science and Technology developed a dynamic microfluidic channel that adjusts to particle size, increasing impedance flow cytometry's sensitivity and accuracy. The platform also leverages clogging as a strategy to optimize performance.
Researchers reexamined the genetic conflict in the maternal-fetal interface, finding a delicate balance of cooperation and competition that ensures successful pregnancy. The study sheds light on pregnancy complications like placenta accreta and preeclampsia, and may have broader implications for cancer metastasis.
A new computational tool called scODIN simplifies single-cell analysis by automating cell type identification in scRNA-seq data. It allows users to define specific cell subsets at different levels of detail and recognizes cells with intermediate phenotypes or transitional states, capturing complexity missed by traditional methods.
Researchers found that mutations in the CFAP410 gene change its interaction with another protein, making motor neuron cells more vulnerable to DNA damage and cell death. This discovery provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying Motor Neurone Disease and highlights potential targets for new therapies.
Researchers introduce a dicyandiamide-based molecular bridge strategy to passivate defects and regulate phase distribution in quasi-2D perovskite solar cells, achieving record efficiencies and improved stability. This approach enables scalable development of efficient and durable next-generation perovskite photovoltaics.
A team of researchers from the University of Ottawa has developed a new workflow to study autophagy, a fundamental cellular mechanism that preserves cell health by recycling and degrading worn-out components. The study reveals novel signaling mechanisms regulating autophagy in response to numerous disease-related stress conditions.
Researchers at SMART Alliance for Research and Technology developed a powerful tool to scan thousands of biological samples and detect transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) modifications, which help control cell growth and response to diseases. The tool opens up new possibilities for disease research, diagnostics, and treatment development.
Scientists have developed a novel label-free approach to measure biomolecular condensate composition, resolving concentrations of five molecules in complex mixtures. This new method, ATRI, uses refractive index and tie-line measurements to determine condensate composition with unprecedented detail.
Researchers at Salk Institute discover a new microprotein, SLC35A4-MP, that regulates mitochondrial structure and function in brown fat tissue. The study reveals the microprotein's role in maintaining healthy cellular metabolism and regulating body temperature.
Researchers at Lund University identify genetic toolkit to program dendritic cell subtypes for targeted cancer treatment. The discovery could lead to more precise and powerful immunotherapies by supplying patients with tailored dendritic cells.
Cells use a stopwatch-like mechanism to measure the length of messenger RNA (mRNA) tails, achieving molecular accuracy in vital processes like gene expression. The discovery reveals that two proteins, CPAC and Nab2, set the tail's length by timing their interaction, with the final length determined by a race between their speeds.
Researchers from UNSW identify a crucial protein, CHP1, that acts as a central director in fat metabolism, promoting lipid droplet growth and regulating key enzymes. This discovery advances basic knowledge of cellular fat storage and opens new avenues for future research into metabolic disorders.
Researchers discovered that single bacterial cells carry a 'memory' of their past environments, passing it down through generations. This finding could explain why antibiotics and vaccines sometimes fail and may point to more precise treatments.
Scientists have developed a new approach to analyze proteins in individual cells during blood cell formation, bypassing mRNA intermediates. This study reveals the correlation between mRNA levels and protein expression, shedding light on the role of essential proteins in maintaining stem cell populations.
Researchers visualize extracellular matrix in living organism and discover principles of self-organization, indicating large fluctuations in protein production between individual cells. The structure forms rounded or polygonal boundaries that dynamically evolve as the organism grows, making it resemble a foam.
A University of Missouri-led study has uncovered how poplar trees can naturally adjust a key part of their wood chemistry based on changes in their environment, supporting improved bioenergy production. The discovery sheds light on the role of lignin and its potential to create better biofuels and sustainable products.
Neurons in the gut produce adrenomedullin 2, which expands group 2 innate lymphoid cells and provides therapeutic benefit in inflammatory bowel disease preclinical models. Elevated expression of ADM2 was found in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, suggesting a promising therapeutic target.
A new study demonstrates the potential to produce cellular spheroids from clinically relevant embryonic stem cells to generate scaffold-free chondrogenic or osteochondrogenic graft tissues. The researchers successfully cultured ES-MSC cellular spheroids, which matured into neocartilage tissues expressing cartilage-associated genes.
Researchers have discovered a new approach for treating proteinopathies by targeting dysregulated nuclear speckles, which can lead to neuron degeneration. Pyrvinium pamoate has been shown to improve proteostasis in various disease models, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and tauopathies.
The conference will explore the latest breakthroughs in skin ageing research, targeting molecular mechanisms and real-world applications. Key findings include the importance of understanding skin ageing's intrinsic and extrinsic factors to develop comprehensive solutions.
The nuclear phosphoinositide-p53 signalosome modulates AKT activation in the nucleus, integrating two oncogenic pathways into a unified mechanism driving cancer cell motility. This complex is highlighted as a central regulator of cancer cell migration and a promising target for metastasis therapy.
Researchers aim to widen ADCs' therapeutic window and application scope by integrating AI, single-cell sequencing, and combination therapies. Precise antigen selection is crucial to minimize toxicity and improve efficacy in targeted cancer therapy.
The study resolved cryo-EM structures of the Nipah virus polymerase complex, unveiling binding modes between RdRp/PRNTase domains and the P tetramer. Two conserved zinc-binding sites were identified essential for polymerase activity.
Dynamin 1 regulates EMT progression, cell polarity and migration through N-cadherin endocytosis and recycling, promoting ovarian cancer metastasis. The study identifies DNM1 as a critical regulator of EMT-associated metastasis.
Researchers investigate regional-specific gut microbial distribution, revealing its critical role in metabolic and immune regulation. Key findings include duodenal mucosal resection reducing small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and machine learning integrating multi-omics data to predict microbial dynamics.
The "HippoBox" project aims to investigate neuroplastic changes in the hippocampus using brain organoids in real weightlessness. The research could provide new insights into cognitive health of space travelers and potential treatments for depression and dementia.