Articles tagged with Chromatin
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new technique to image cells under an electron microscope, yielding a sharper picture of chromatin structure. This method allows for enhanced staining and structural preservation, enabling scientists to study chromatin packing and gene expression in high resolution.
Scientists create whole genome maps of chromatin in embryonic stem cells, revealing a special code that underlies cell identity. The study provides a framework for mapping the complete chromatin landscape of almost any kind of cell.
A UVa-led team has discovered that chromatin packing plays a crucial role in determining gene expression timing. By analyzing the replication of genes in different cell lines, researchers found that loosely packed chromatin allows for early gene expression, while densely packed chromatin leads to late expression.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have identified an 'insulator' - a stretch of DNA about 800 base pairs long - that serves as a physical barrier between active and inactive regions of the HSV-1 genome. This discovery may lead to strategies to manipulate the virus, and could provide targets for designing drugs to disrupt its mechanisms.
In Drosophila cells, ribosomal proteins are associated with linker histone H1 protein on chromatin. Depletion of both causes up-regulation of target genes.
Researchers at the Broad Institute found an unusual molecular structure near developmental genes that enables embryonic stem cells to maintain their unique plasticity. This 'bivalent domain' acts as a kind of gene gatekeeper, controlling the expression of crucial genes in early development.
A Brg1 mutation in mice reveals the importance of SWI/SNF complexes in beta-globin regulation and erythropoiesis. This study may provide insight into common ailments such as beta thalassemia and anemia. The findings highlight the significance of chromatin-remodeling complexes in development and physiology.
Researchers analyzed chromatin structure in human chromosomes and found similar patterns in equivalent regions of the mouse genome, revealing new insights into regulatory functions and potential connections to cancer. This study advances our understanding of how genes are turned on and off, with implications for improving human health.
Researchers found that MECP2 target gene DLX5 is overexpressed in RTT patients due to loss of silent chromatin looping and impaired imprinting. This misregulation leads to increased expression of GABA, a neurotransmitter essential for brain function.
Researchers found that mutated MeCP2 protein represses genes, specifically targeting imprinted genes like DLX5, leading to misregulation of neurotransmitter GABA production. The study links specific defects in chromatin folding to Rett Syndrome for the first time.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have discovered a family of molecular complexes involved in the repression of extensive sets of tissue-specific genes. These complexes share two core subunits, including histone deacetylase and BHC110, which operate as co-repressors to maintain gene silencing.
New research at the University of Illinois Chicago found that chromatin, not proteins, provides structural support for chromosomes during cell division. The study used a novel methodology involving DNA digestion and glass tube pipettes, which may help unlock the puzzle of how cells divide.
Researchers have found a new piece of the gene expression puzzle, revealing how histone proteins interact with each other and with other molecules to regulate gene activity. The discovery sheds light on potential causes of male infertility and highlights the complex mechanisms at play in chromatin.
A recent discovery by Dr. Kathrin Muegge and colleagues has revealed that a protein called Lsh is required for normal genome-wide methylation during development. The study suggests that chromatin structure plays a crucial role in regulating DNA methylation, which is essential for gene expression and cellular function.